Is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Different in Females as Compared to Males?

Background: Recent years have witnessed a major shift in the sex profile of the chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD). In India, while smoking remains a significant risk factor, COPD due to nonsmoking causes (like biomass exposure) accounts for 30%–50% of all COPD cases. There is a lack of studies...

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Main Authors: Rita Vijaykumar Bothara, Madhuri Prashant Holay
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2022-04-01
Series:Indian Journal of Medical Specialities
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/injms.injms_118_21
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author Rita Vijaykumar Bothara
Madhuri Prashant Holay
author_facet Rita Vijaykumar Bothara
Madhuri Prashant Holay
author_sort Rita Vijaykumar Bothara
collection DOAJ
description Background: Recent years have witnessed a major shift in the sex profile of the chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD). In India, while smoking remains a significant risk factor, COPD due to nonsmoking causes (like biomass exposure) accounts for 30%–50% of all COPD cases. There is a lack of studies on characteristics of women with COPD exposed to biomass smoke and the degree to which they differ from COPD in men from the Indian context. Aim: The aim was to study clinical profile, risk factors, and severity of COPD in females and compare the same with COPD in males. Materials and Methods: 100 cases of COPD were divided into two groups – 50 Females and 50 males and were analyzed further for clinical profile and were graded as per the GOLD criteria and BODE index. Results: The mean age of presentation in females was 62 years. Biomass smoke exposure was the most common risk factor in females and that in males was smoking. Females had more severe dyspnea as compared to males (P = 0.022). There was a significant statistical difference in the performance of 6-min walk test (P = 0.005) and number of exacerbations in the past year in females (mean 4.5) and males (mean 3.58) (P = 0.034). Majority of female patients belonged to GOLD Groups B and D. Mean BODE index was 4.98 in females and 4.24 in males, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.014). Conclusion: There are gender-related differences in COPD risk, progression, and outcomes. Females have more symptoms, more severe obstruction, more number of exacerbations, and more functional disability as compared to males.
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spelling doaj-art-21f1c8368f554e46b5d30dff9f9a0bb02025-08-25T08:38:17ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIndian Journal of Medical Specialities0976-28840976-28922022-04-01132828610.4103/injms.injms_118_21Is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Different in Females as Compared to Males?Rita Vijaykumar BotharaMadhuri Prashant HolayBackground: Recent years have witnessed a major shift in the sex profile of the chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD). In India, while smoking remains a significant risk factor, COPD due to nonsmoking causes (like biomass exposure) accounts for 30%–50% of all COPD cases. There is a lack of studies on characteristics of women with COPD exposed to biomass smoke and the degree to which they differ from COPD in men from the Indian context. Aim: The aim was to study clinical profile, risk factors, and severity of COPD in females and compare the same with COPD in males. Materials and Methods: 100 cases of COPD were divided into two groups – 50 Females and 50 males and were analyzed further for clinical profile and were graded as per the GOLD criteria and BODE index. Results: The mean age of presentation in females was 62 years. Biomass smoke exposure was the most common risk factor in females and that in males was smoking. Females had more severe dyspnea as compared to males (P = 0.022). There was a significant statistical difference in the performance of 6-min walk test (P = 0.005) and number of exacerbations in the past year in females (mean 4.5) and males (mean 3.58) (P = 0.034). Majority of female patients belonged to GOLD Groups B and D. Mean BODE index was 4.98 in females and 4.24 in males, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.014). Conclusion: There are gender-related differences in COPD risk, progression, and outcomes. Females have more symptoms, more severe obstruction, more number of exacerbations, and more functional disability as compared to males.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/injms.injms_118_21biomass exposurechronic obstructive lung diseasefunctional disabilitygender
spellingShingle Rita Vijaykumar Bothara
Madhuri Prashant Holay
Is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Different in Females as Compared to Males?
Indian Journal of Medical Specialities
biomass exposure
chronic obstructive lung disease
functional disability
gender
title Is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Different in Females as Compared to Males?
title_full Is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Different in Females as Compared to Males?
title_fullStr Is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Different in Females as Compared to Males?
title_full_unstemmed Is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Different in Females as Compared to Males?
title_short Is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Different in Females as Compared to Males?
title_sort is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease different in females as compared to males
topic biomass exposure
chronic obstructive lung disease
functional disability
gender
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/injms.injms_118_21
work_keys_str_mv AT ritavijaykumarbothara ischronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasedifferentinfemalesascomparedtomales
AT madhuriprashantholay ischronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasedifferentinfemalesascomparedtomales