Effect of work schedule flexibility as a moderator in the relationship between job stress and wellbeing in pharmacy practice
Abstract Hospital pharmacists frequently face significant job stress, adversely impacting their well-being. Work schedule flexibility is often proposed as a potential buffer against job stress, yet its effectiveness among hospital pharmacists remains understudied. This study investigates the moderat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-10523-y |
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| author | Erum Rehman Khalid Abdullah Alotaibi Shazia Rehman Mehmood Ahmad |
| author_facet | Erum Rehman Khalid Abdullah Alotaibi Shazia Rehman Mehmood Ahmad |
| author_sort | Erum Rehman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Hospital pharmacists frequently face significant job stress, adversely impacting their well-being. Work schedule flexibility is often proposed as a potential buffer against job stress, yet its effectiveness among hospital pharmacists remains understudied. This study investigates the moderating effect of work schedule flexibility on the relationship between job stress and well-being among hospital pharmacists in Punjab, Pakistan. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between September 2023 and January 2024, involving 414 pharmacists working in public hospitals in Punjab province. The study utilized standardized scales to measure well-being, stress levels, and work schedule flexibility among the participants. Bivariate correlation and multiple regression analyses examined the relationships and interaction effects among the study variables. Bivariate correlation analysis revealed a negative association between job stress and well-being, a positive association between work schedule flexibility and well-being, and a negative association between work schedule flexibility and job stress. Multiple regression analysis indicated that work schedule flexibility significantly moderated the relationship between job stress and well-being, with the interaction term showing a significant effect. The findings underscore the importance of work schedule flexibility in mitigating the negative effects of job stress on the well-being of hospital pharmacists. Implementing policies that enhance work schedule flexibility may serve as an effective strategy to improve pharmacists’ well-being and job satisfaction. Further research is needed to explore these dynamics in healthcare settings and among diverse professional groups. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-21d63e852a9f400aac1419a291709bec |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-21d63e852a9f400aac1419a291709bec2025-08-20T03:45:25ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-10523-yEffect of work schedule flexibility as a moderator in the relationship between job stress and wellbeing in pharmacy practiceErum Rehman0Khalid Abdullah Alotaibi1Shazia Rehman2Mehmood Ahmad3Department of Mathematics, Nazarbayev UniversityCollege of Education, Department of Psychology, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Hospital of Central South UniversityDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences LahoreAbstract Hospital pharmacists frequently face significant job stress, adversely impacting their well-being. Work schedule flexibility is often proposed as a potential buffer against job stress, yet its effectiveness among hospital pharmacists remains understudied. This study investigates the moderating effect of work schedule flexibility on the relationship between job stress and well-being among hospital pharmacists in Punjab, Pakistan. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between September 2023 and January 2024, involving 414 pharmacists working in public hospitals in Punjab province. The study utilized standardized scales to measure well-being, stress levels, and work schedule flexibility among the participants. Bivariate correlation and multiple regression analyses examined the relationships and interaction effects among the study variables. Bivariate correlation analysis revealed a negative association between job stress and well-being, a positive association between work schedule flexibility and well-being, and a negative association between work schedule flexibility and job stress. Multiple regression analysis indicated that work schedule flexibility significantly moderated the relationship between job stress and well-being, with the interaction term showing a significant effect. The findings underscore the importance of work schedule flexibility in mitigating the negative effects of job stress on the well-being of hospital pharmacists. Implementing policies that enhance work schedule flexibility may serve as an effective strategy to improve pharmacists’ well-being and job satisfaction. Further research is needed to explore these dynamics in healthcare settings and among diverse professional groups.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-10523-yJob stressHospitalWell-beingWork schedule flexibilityPharmacistPakistan |
| spellingShingle | Erum Rehman Khalid Abdullah Alotaibi Shazia Rehman Mehmood Ahmad Effect of work schedule flexibility as a moderator in the relationship between job stress and wellbeing in pharmacy practice Scientific Reports Job stress Hospital Well-being Work schedule flexibility Pharmacist Pakistan |
| title | Effect of work schedule flexibility as a moderator in the relationship between job stress and wellbeing in pharmacy practice |
| title_full | Effect of work schedule flexibility as a moderator in the relationship between job stress and wellbeing in pharmacy practice |
| title_fullStr | Effect of work schedule flexibility as a moderator in the relationship between job stress and wellbeing in pharmacy practice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of work schedule flexibility as a moderator in the relationship between job stress and wellbeing in pharmacy practice |
| title_short | Effect of work schedule flexibility as a moderator in the relationship between job stress and wellbeing in pharmacy practice |
| title_sort | effect of work schedule flexibility as a moderator in the relationship between job stress and wellbeing in pharmacy practice |
| topic | Job stress Hospital Well-being Work schedule flexibility Pharmacist Pakistan |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-10523-y |
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