Predicting Cardiovascular Risk Factors for Acute Leukemia Patients by Assessing Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Left Ventricular Function Before Chemotherapy
Background: Subclinical atherosclerosis is a “silent” cardiovascular disease that can be devastating when combined with other illnesses. Its presence may affect therapy responses but can potentially worsen hematological malignancies due to most chemotherapy regimens’ cardiovascular adverse effects....
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| author | Anda Gabriela Militaru Daniel Florin Lighezan Anca Maria Cimpean Elena Amaricai Marius Militaru |
| author_facet | Anda Gabriela Militaru Daniel Florin Lighezan Anca Maria Cimpean Elena Amaricai Marius Militaru |
| author_sort | Anda Gabriela Militaru |
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| description | Background: Subclinical atherosclerosis is a “silent” cardiovascular disease that can be devastating when combined with other illnesses. Its presence may affect therapy responses but can potentially worsen hematological malignancies due to most chemotherapy regimens’ cardiovascular adverse effects. Thus, cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF) assessment is required before chemotherapy. Unfortunately, this rarely happens. Aim: we aim to examine the impact of CVRFs on hemodynamic parameters of acute leukemia (AL) patients before chemotherapy. Methods: Overall, 45 AL patients and 26 controls were included. Intima-media thickness (IMT), ankle brachial index (ABI), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and functional cardiac parameters were used. CVRFs were found in 26 AL patients (36.6%), while 19 AL (26.8%) patients lacked CVRFs. CVRFs were also found in 26 controls (36.6%). Results: Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) significantly decreased for patients with CVRFs (59.26 ± 5.62) compared to those without CVRFs (64.05 ± 7.43, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Hypertensive and diabetic patients had a significantly higher left IMT (mm) of 0.92 ± 0.01 compared to those without them (0.76 ± 0.03, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with CVRFs had a significantly higher PWV (m/s) of 8.4 ± 0.12 compared to those without CVRFs (6.87 ± 0.66) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Conclusions: AL and cardiovascular risk factors interacted before chemotherapy. To decrease cardiotoxicity, AL patients need cardiovascular risk assessment. Subclinical atherosclerosis and echocardiography help chemotherapy patients to choose a treatment regimen, predict long-term outcomes, and predict cardiovascular issues. |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj-art-21d1e6c2f6c44b4e8a2f3090972d2b362025-08-20T01:56:28ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292025-04-0115570410.3390/life15050704Predicting Cardiovascular Risk Factors for Acute Leukemia Patients by Assessing Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Left Ventricular Function Before ChemotherapyAnda Gabriela Militaru0Daniel Florin Lighezan1Anca Maria Cimpean2Elena Amaricai3Marius Militaru4Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Semiology I, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Municipal Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment of Internal Medicine I, Medical Semiology I, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Municipal Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment of Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Rheumatology, Research Center for Assessment of Human Motion, Functionality and Disability, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaCenter of Advanced Research in Cardiology and Hemostasology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes” Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaBackground: Subclinical atherosclerosis is a “silent” cardiovascular disease that can be devastating when combined with other illnesses. Its presence may affect therapy responses but can potentially worsen hematological malignancies due to most chemotherapy regimens’ cardiovascular adverse effects. Thus, cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF) assessment is required before chemotherapy. Unfortunately, this rarely happens. Aim: we aim to examine the impact of CVRFs on hemodynamic parameters of acute leukemia (AL) patients before chemotherapy. Methods: Overall, 45 AL patients and 26 controls were included. Intima-media thickness (IMT), ankle brachial index (ABI), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and functional cardiac parameters were used. CVRFs were found in 26 AL patients (36.6%), while 19 AL (26.8%) patients lacked CVRFs. CVRFs were also found in 26 controls (36.6%). Results: Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) significantly decreased for patients with CVRFs (59.26 ± 5.62) compared to those without CVRFs (64.05 ± 7.43, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Hypertensive and diabetic patients had a significantly higher left IMT (mm) of 0.92 ± 0.01 compared to those without them (0.76 ± 0.03, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with CVRFs had a significantly higher PWV (m/s) of 8.4 ± 0.12 compared to those without CVRFs (6.87 ± 0.66) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Conclusions: AL and cardiovascular risk factors interacted before chemotherapy. To decrease cardiotoxicity, AL patients need cardiovascular risk assessment. Subclinical atherosclerosis and echocardiography help chemotherapy patients to choose a treatment regimen, predict long-term outcomes, and predict cardiovascular issues.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/5/704leukemiacardiovascular risk factorsleft ventricle dysfunctionsubclinical atherosclerosiscardiotoxicity |
| spellingShingle | Anda Gabriela Militaru Daniel Florin Lighezan Anca Maria Cimpean Elena Amaricai Marius Militaru Predicting Cardiovascular Risk Factors for Acute Leukemia Patients by Assessing Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Left Ventricular Function Before Chemotherapy Life leukemia cardiovascular risk factors left ventricle dysfunction subclinical atherosclerosis cardiotoxicity |
| title | Predicting Cardiovascular Risk Factors for Acute Leukemia Patients by Assessing Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Left Ventricular Function Before Chemotherapy |
| title_full | Predicting Cardiovascular Risk Factors for Acute Leukemia Patients by Assessing Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Left Ventricular Function Before Chemotherapy |
| title_fullStr | Predicting Cardiovascular Risk Factors for Acute Leukemia Patients by Assessing Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Left Ventricular Function Before Chemotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Predicting Cardiovascular Risk Factors for Acute Leukemia Patients by Assessing Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Left Ventricular Function Before Chemotherapy |
| title_short | Predicting Cardiovascular Risk Factors for Acute Leukemia Patients by Assessing Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Left Ventricular Function Before Chemotherapy |
| title_sort | predicting cardiovascular risk factors for acute leukemia patients by assessing subclinical atherosclerosis and left ventricular function before chemotherapy |
| topic | leukemia cardiovascular risk factors left ventricle dysfunction subclinical atherosclerosis cardiotoxicity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/5/704 |
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