Epidemiological investigation of poultry infectious in Kazakhstan (2021–2024)
IntroductionThis study examines the epidemiological dynamics and genetic diversity of major avian infectious diseases in Kazakhstan, including highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and others. Using official data, laboratory diagnostics, and surveys, we identified...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1520606/full |
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| author | Karlygash B. Zikibayeva Asset A. Svanbayev Nurlan N. Akhmetsadykov Kamshat N. Kudaibergenova Shynar N. Akhmetsadykova Ernur N. Nurolda Aidyn I. Kydyrmanov |
| author_facet | Karlygash B. Zikibayeva Asset A. Svanbayev Nurlan N. Akhmetsadykov Kamshat N. Kudaibergenova Shynar N. Akhmetsadykova Ernur N. Nurolda Aidyn I. Kydyrmanov |
| author_sort | Karlygash B. Zikibayeva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionThis study examines the epidemiological dynamics and genetic diversity of major avian infectious diseases in Kazakhstan, including highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and others. Using official data, laboratory diagnostics, and surveys, we identified high prevalence rates and virulent strains, exposing gaps in vaccination coverage and biosecurity practices. Continuous monitoring, improved vaccination strategies, and robust biosecurity measures are essential to reduce disease impact and ensure sustainable poultry farming.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence and genetic diversity of major avian infectious diseases in Kazakhstan. Data sources included official reports, laboratory diagnostics (RT-PCR, ELISA, and sequencing), and a survey of veterinary specialists. Serum samples were analyzed to evaluate antibody responses and vaccine efficacy. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses were conducted for key pathogens, while a questionnaire provided insights into farm-level disease control practices.ResultsAnalysis of official data recorded 27 outbreaks of avian diseases in Kazakhstan from 2005 to 2023, primarily involving HPAI and NDV. Our research further identified virulent strains such as NDV genotype VII and infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) variants linked to global lineages. Serological studies revealed widespread exposure to pathogens, including Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), Mycoplasma synoviae (MS), chicken anemia virus (CAV), Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT), and low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H9, underscoring deficiencies in vaccination coverage. Farm surveys also identified weaknesses in biosecurity measures and inconsistencies in vaccination protocols.DiscussionThe findings underscore the urgent need for enhanced biosecurity measures, standardized vaccination programs, and routine monitoring to mitigate the impact of avian infectious diseases. This integrated approach offers valuable insights to support evidence-based decision-making for effective poultry health management in Kazakhstan. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-21a99ad620e244e98e104c2bec18cf45 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-21a99ad620e244e98e104c2bec18cf452025-02-11T13:45:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692025-02-011110.3389/fvets.2024.15206061520606Epidemiological investigation of poultry infectious in Kazakhstan (2021–2024)Karlygash B. Zikibayeva0Asset A. Svanbayev1Nurlan N. Akhmetsadykov2Kamshat N. Kudaibergenova3Shynar N. Akhmetsadykova4Ernur N. Nurolda5Aidyn I. Kydyrmanov6Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, KazakhstanAl-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, KazakhstanKazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, KazakhstanKazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, KazakhstanLimited Liability Partnership "Antigen", Almaty, KazakhstanLimited Liability Partnership "Antigen", Almaty, KazakhstanResearch and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology, Almaty, KazakhstanIntroductionThis study examines the epidemiological dynamics and genetic diversity of major avian infectious diseases in Kazakhstan, including highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and others. Using official data, laboratory diagnostics, and surveys, we identified high prevalence rates and virulent strains, exposing gaps in vaccination coverage and biosecurity practices. Continuous monitoring, improved vaccination strategies, and robust biosecurity measures are essential to reduce disease impact and ensure sustainable poultry farming.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence and genetic diversity of major avian infectious diseases in Kazakhstan. Data sources included official reports, laboratory diagnostics (RT-PCR, ELISA, and sequencing), and a survey of veterinary specialists. Serum samples were analyzed to evaluate antibody responses and vaccine efficacy. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses were conducted for key pathogens, while a questionnaire provided insights into farm-level disease control practices.ResultsAnalysis of official data recorded 27 outbreaks of avian diseases in Kazakhstan from 2005 to 2023, primarily involving HPAI and NDV. Our research further identified virulent strains such as NDV genotype VII and infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) variants linked to global lineages. Serological studies revealed widespread exposure to pathogens, including Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), Mycoplasma synoviae (MS), chicken anemia virus (CAV), Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT), and low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H9, underscoring deficiencies in vaccination coverage. Farm surveys also identified weaknesses in biosecurity measures and inconsistencies in vaccination protocols.DiscussionThe findings underscore the urgent need for enhanced biosecurity measures, standardized vaccination programs, and routine monitoring to mitigate the impact of avian infectious diseases. This integrated approach offers valuable insights to support evidence-based decision-making for effective poultry health management in Kazakhstan.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1520606/fullpoultry infectious diseasesKazakhstanavian influenzanewcastle diseasemycoplasmosisinfectious bursal disease |
| spellingShingle | Karlygash B. Zikibayeva Asset A. Svanbayev Nurlan N. Akhmetsadykov Kamshat N. Kudaibergenova Shynar N. Akhmetsadykova Ernur N. Nurolda Aidyn I. Kydyrmanov Epidemiological investigation of poultry infectious in Kazakhstan (2021–2024) Frontiers in Veterinary Science poultry infectious diseases Kazakhstan avian influenza newcastle disease mycoplasmosis infectious bursal disease |
| title | Epidemiological investigation of poultry infectious in Kazakhstan (2021–2024) |
| title_full | Epidemiological investigation of poultry infectious in Kazakhstan (2021–2024) |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiological investigation of poultry infectious in Kazakhstan (2021–2024) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiological investigation of poultry infectious in Kazakhstan (2021–2024) |
| title_short | Epidemiological investigation of poultry infectious in Kazakhstan (2021–2024) |
| title_sort | epidemiological investigation of poultry infectious in kazakhstan 2021 2024 |
| topic | poultry infectious diseases Kazakhstan avian influenza newcastle disease mycoplasmosis infectious bursal disease |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1520606/full |
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