Antimalarial Efficacy and Toxicological Assessment of Extracts of Some Ghanaian Medicinal Plants
The economic costs associated with morbidity and mortality due to malaria and malaria associated complications in many sub-Saharan countries and other malaria endemic regions of the world are huge. Reports of emergence of parasite resistance to current malaria drugs have complicated malaria treatmen...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Parasitology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1630405 |
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| author | Michael Konney Laryea Lawrence Sheringham Borquaye |
| author_facet | Michael Konney Laryea Lawrence Sheringham Borquaye |
| author_sort | Michael Konney Laryea |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The economic costs associated with morbidity and mortality due to malaria and malaria associated complications in many sub-Saharan countries and other malaria endemic regions of the world are huge. Reports of emergence of parasite resistance to current malaria drugs have complicated malaria treatment and require the development of new therapeutic agents. The folkloric use of medicinal plants for the management of malaria is well documented. This work evaluated the antiplasmodial activities and toxicity of some medicinal plants used to treat malaria and malaria-like symptoms in Ghana. Plant extracts were obtained by cold maceration in 70% ethanol. Antiplasmodial efficacies were assessed in vitro against 3 strains of Plasmodium falciparum strains (FCM, W2, and CAM06) and in vivo via the 4-day suppressive test in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Cytotoxicity and acute toxicity were assessed in mammalian cells and mice, respectively. All extracts were active against at least one of the Plasmodium falciparum strains in in vitro evaluations with IC50’s in the range of 4–116 μg/mL, whereas Bidens pilosa extracts, with a chemosuppression rate of 75%, was the most active plant in the in vivo experiments. All plant extracts displayed very weak to no cytotoxicity against the mammalian cell line used and exhibited very good selectivity towards the Plasmodium parasites. Syzygium guineense and Parinari congensis extracts were the most toxic in the acute toxicity tests. Altogether, the results indicate that the medicinal plants do possess impressive antiplasmodial properties and provide scientific basis for their use in traditional herbal medicine. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-21a6158489014c16b978f7837726d02c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-0023 2090-0031 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Parasitology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-21a6158489014c16b978f7837726d02c2025-08-20T03:54:42ZengWileyJournal of Parasitology Research2090-00232090-00312019-01-01201910.1155/2019/16304051630405Antimalarial Efficacy and Toxicological Assessment of Extracts of Some Ghanaian Medicinal PlantsMichael Konney Laryea0Lawrence Sheringham Borquaye1Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, GhanaDepartment of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, GhanaThe economic costs associated with morbidity and mortality due to malaria and malaria associated complications in many sub-Saharan countries and other malaria endemic regions of the world are huge. Reports of emergence of parasite resistance to current malaria drugs have complicated malaria treatment and require the development of new therapeutic agents. The folkloric use of medicinal plants for the management of malaria is well documented. This work evaluated the antiplasmodial activities and toxicity of some medicinal plants used to treat malaria and malaria-like symptoms in Ghana. Plant extracts were obtained by cold maceration in 70% ethanol. Antiplasmodial efficacies were assessed in vitro against 3 strains of Plasmodium falciparum strains (FCM, W2, and CAM06) and in vivo via the 4-day suppressive test in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Cytotoxicity and acute toxicity were assessed in mammalian cells and mice, respectively. All extracts were active against at least one of the Plasmodium falciparum strains in in vitro evaluations with IC50’s in the range of 4–116 μg/mL, whereas Bidens pilosa extracts, with a chemosuppression rate of 75%, was the most active plant in the in vivo experiments. All plant extracts displayed very weak to no cytotoxicity against the mammalian cell line used and exhibited very good selectivity towards the Plasmodium parasites. Syzygium guineense and Parinari congensis extracts were the most toxic in the acute toxicity tests. Altogether, the results indicate that the medicinal plants do possess impressive antiplasmodial properties and provide scientific basis for their use in traditional herbal medicine.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1630405 |
| spellingShingle | Michael Konney Laryea Lawrence Sheringham Borquaye Antimalarial Efficacy and Toxicological Assessment of Extracts of Some Ghanaian Medicinal Plants Journal of Parasitology Research |
| title | Antimalarial Efficacy and Toxicological Assessment of Extracts of Some Ghanaian Medicinal Plants |
| title_full | Antimalarial Efficacy and Toxicological Assessment of Extracts of Some Ghanaian Medicinal Plants |
| title_fullStr | Antimalarial Efficacy and Toxicological Assessment of Extracts of Some Ghanaian Medicinal Plants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimalarial Efficacy and Toxicological Assessment of Extracts of Some Ghanaian Medicinal Plants |
| title_short | Antimalarial Efficacy and Toxicological Assessment of Extracts of Some Ghanaian Medicinal Plants |
| title_sort | antimalarial efficacy and toxicological assessment of extracts of some ghanaian medicinal plants |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1630405 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT michaelkonneylaryea antimalarialefficacyandtoxicologicalassessmentofextractsofsomeghanaianmedicinalplants AT lawrencesheringhamborquaye antimalarialefficacyandtoxicologicalassessmentofextractsofsomeghanaianmedicinalplants |