Surgical prophylaxis in Haydom Lutheran Hospital, Tanzania – learning from a point prevalence survey

Summary: Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant global health concern, with improper antibiotic use contributing to its rise. Tanzania initiated an AMR action plan in 2017, but comprehensive surveillance and stewardship efforts remain limited. This study focused on evaluating a...

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Main Authors: T.J. Schrama, K.J. Vliegenthart-Jongbloed, M. Gemuwang, E.Q. Nuwass
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-03-01
Series:Infection Prevention in Practice
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000933
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author T.J. Schrama
K.J. Vliegenthart-Jongbloed
M. Gemuwang
E.Q. Nuwass
author_facet T.J. Schrama
K.J. Vliegenthart-Jongbloed
M. Gemuwang
E.Q. Nuwass
author_sort T.J. Schrama
collection DOAJ
description Summary: Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant global health concern, with improper antibiotic use contributing to its rise. Tanzania initiated an AMR action plan in 2017, but comprehensive surveillance and stewardship efforts remain limited. This study focused on evaluating antibiotic use, particularly surgical prophylaxis, in a rural Tanzanian hospital. Methods: The study was conducted at Haydom Lutheran Hospital in Tanzania in May 2023, using a cross-sectional point prevalence survey. Antibiotic use in all patients admitted for >24 h and those undergoing surgery was recorded, including type, dose, indication and duration. Quality indicators for surgical prophylaxis were assessed. Results: Among 199 inpatients, 55% received antibiotics, with surgical prophylaxis accounting for 23% of prescriptions. Notably, none of the patients who received surgical prophylaxis received a single-dose regimen, and 67% exceeded the recommended 24-h duration. A combination of ampicillin-cloxacillin plus metronidazole was the most commonly prescribed combination for surgical prophylaxis (41% of prescriptions). Thirty-three percent of the antibiotics prescribed for surgical prophylaxis were classified as ‘Not recommended’ by the World Health Organization. Furthermore, 90% of surgical prophylaxis prescriptions lacked documented rationale, and 83% of prescriptions lacked stop/review dates in medical records. Conclusion: This study reveals a high prevalence of prolonged antibiotic use for surgical prophylaxis, frequent use of antibiotics classified as ‘Not recommended’, and a lack of adequate documentation, which deviates from international standards. These practices highlight the urgent need for contextualized national guidelines, large-scale implementation projects of evidence-based interventions, and local initiatives in antibiotic stewardship, particularly in low-resource settings.
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spelling doaj-art-218a2ec80011484fa7ea6f9cedd139472025-08-20T03:00:50ZengElsevierInfection Prevention in Practice2590-08892025-03-017110042910.1016/j.infpip.2024.100429Surgical prophylaxis in Haydom Lutheran Hospital, Tanzania – learning from a point prevalence surveyT.J. Schrama0K.J. Vliegenthart-Jongbloed1M. Gemuwang2E.Q. Nuwass3Erasmus University Medical Centre, Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases Section, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsErasmus University Medical Centre, Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases Section, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Haydom Lutheran Hospital, Haydom, United Republic of Tanzania; Corresponding author. Address: Erasmus University Medical Centre, Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases Section, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.Haydom Lutheran Hospital, Haydom, United Republic of TanzaniaHaydom Lutheran Hospital, Haydom, United Republic of TanzaniaSummary: Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant global health concern, with improper antibiotic use contributing to its rise. Tanzania initiated an AMR action plan in 2017, but comprehensive surveillance and stewardship efforts remain limited. This study focused on evaluating antibiotic use, particularly surgical prophylaxis, in a rural Tanzanian hospital. Methods: The study was conducted at Haydom Lutheran Hospital in Tanzania in May 2023, using a cross-sectional point prevalence survey. Antibiotic use in all patients admitted for >24 h and those undergoing surgery was recorded, including type, dose, indication and duration. Quality indicators for surgical prophylaxis were assessed. Results: Among 199 inpatients, 55% received antibiotics, with surgical prophylaxis accounting for 23% of prescriptions. Notably, none of the patients who received surgical prophylaxis received a single-dose regimen, and 67% exceeded the recommended 24-h duration. A combination of ampicillin-cloxacillin plus metronidazole was the most commonly prescribed combination for surgical prophylaxis (41% of prescriptions). Thirty-three percent of the antibiotics prescribed for surgical prophylaxis were classified as ‘Not recommended’ by the World Health Organization. Furthermore, 90% of surgical prophylaxis prescriptions lacked documented rationale, and 83% of prescriptions lacked stop/review dates in medical records. Conclusion: This study reveals a high prevalence of prolonged antibiotic use for surgical prophylaxis, frequent use of antibiotics classified as ‘Not recommended’, and a lack of adequate documentation, which deviates from international standards. These practices highlight the urgent need for contextualized national guidelines, large-scale implementation projects of evidence-based interventions, and local initiatives in antibiotic stewardship, particularly in low-resource settings.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000933Antibiotic prophylaxisSurgical prophylaxisPrevention and controlDrug therapyAntimicrobial stewardshipPrescription
spellingShingle T.J. Schrama
K.J. Vliegenthart-Jongbloed
M. Gemuwang
E.Q. Nuwass
Surgical prophylaxis in Haydom Lutheran Hospital, Tanzania – learning from a point prevalence survey
Infection Prevention in Practice
Antibiotic prophylaxis
Surgical prophylaxis
Prevention and control
Drug therapy
Antimicrobial stewardship
Prescription
title Surgical prophylaxis in Haydom Lutheran Hospital, Tanzania – learning from a point prevalence survey
title_full Surgical prophylaxis in Haydom Lutheran Hospital, Tanzania – learning from a point prevalence survey
title_fullStr Surgical prophylaxis in Haydom Lutheran Hospital, Tanzania – learning from a point prevalence survey
title_full_unstemmed Surgical prophylaxis in Haydom Lutheran Hospital, Tanzania – learning from a point prevalence survey
title_short Surgical prophylaxis in Haydom Lutheran Hospital, Tanzania – learning from a point prevalence survey
title_sort surgical prophylaxis in haydom lutheran hospital tanzania learning from a point prevalence survey
topic Antibiotic prophylaxis
Surgical prophylaxis
Prevention and control
Drug therapy
Antimicrobial stewardship
Prescription
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000933
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