Safety and Immunogenicity of the Attenuated Yellow Fever Vaccine in Several Neotropical Primate Species

Safety and Immunogenicity of the Attenuated Yellow Fever Vaccine in Several Neotropical Primate Species

Background/Objective: Yellow fever (YF) is an acute infectious disease caused by the yellow fever virus which is transmitted by mosquitoes. Neotropical primates are susceptible to infection, which is often presented as epizootic outbreaks. The aim was to evaluate and characterize the immune response...

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Main Authors: Nayara Ferreira de Paula, André Duarte Vieira, Daniel Oliveira dos Santos, Lucas dos Reis de Souza, Carlyle Mendes Coelho, Herlandes Penha Tinoco, Paula Cristina Senra Lima, Rafael Otávio Cançado Motta, Valéria do Socorro Pereira, Marcelo Pires Nogueira de Carvalho, Camilla Bayma Fernandes, Adriana de Souza Azevedo, Matheus Soares Arruda, Thais Alkifeles Costa, Betania Paiva Drumond, Fabiola de Oliveira Paes Leme, Marcos da Silva Freire, Tatiane Alves da Paixão, Ayisa Rodrigues Oliveira, Renato Lima Santos
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Vaccines
Subjects:
flavivirus
yellow fever virus
yellow fever
17DD
non-human primates
vaccination
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/5/487
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Summary:Background/Objective: Yellow fever (YF) is an acute infectious disease caused by the yellow fever virus which is transmitted by mosquitoes. Neotropical primates are susceptible to infection, which is often presented as epizootic outbreaks. The aim was to evaluate and characterize the immune response against YF in different species of neotropical primates from the Belo Horizonte Zoo. Methods: Vaccine 17DD was administered to 24 neotropical primates, with a single subcutaneous dose. Clinical exams, RNAemia, and detection of IgG and neutralizing antibodies against YFV were performed. In addition, an ethogram was performed to assess clinical changes and animal welfare. Results: At 4 days post-vaccination, RNAemia was detected in nine animals. There was seroconversion and persistence of immune response in <i>Alouatta guariba clamitans</i>, <i>Sapajus xanthosternos</i>, <i>Saguinus imperator</i> and <i>Aotus infulatus</i>. However, the vaccine was not immunogenic for <i>Lagothrix cana</i>. In <i>Pithecia irrorata</i> seroconversion did not persist long term, while the <i>Ateles</i> sp. had a transient immune response. No significant clinical manifestations were observed in any of the vaccinated animals. Conclusions: This study demonstrated a safe, immunogenic and persistent immune response induced by the attenuated 17DD vaccine strain in <i>A. guariba clamitans</i>, <i>S. xanthosternos</i>, <i>S. imperator</i>, and <i>A. infulatus</i>.
ISSN:2076-393X

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