Modeling PM<sub>10</sub> Emissions in Quarry and Mining Operations: Insights from AERMOD Applications in Malaysia
PM<sub>10</sub> emissions have been a significant concern in rock crushing and quarry operations (study site #1) and iron ore mining projects (study site #2) in certain regions of Malaysia, posing fears to the health and well-being of nearby communities with severe air pollution. To addr...
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| author | Md Munir Hayet Khan Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan Indra Chandra Thomas M. T. Lei |
| author_facet | Md Munir Hayet Khan Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan Indra Chandra Thomas M. T. Lei |
| author_sort | Md Munir Hayet Khan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | PM<sub>10</sub> emissions have been a significant concern in rock crushing and quarry operations (study site #1) and iron ore mining projects (study site #2) in certain regions of Malaysia, posing fears to the health and well-being of nearby communities with severe air pollution. To address this issue, it is crucial to develop effective mitigation strategies to reduce dust particle emissions like PM<sub>10</sub> in the ambient air. The AERMOD model was applied to predict PM<sub>10</sub> emissions during quarry operations and iron ore mining projects, both with and without control measures. The results indicated that PM<sub>10</sub> emissions were reduced when control measures were implemented. The modeling result shows the mean PM<sub>10</sub> concentration with and without control measures in study site #1 is 74.85 µg/m<sup>3</sup> and 20,557.69 µg/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively. In comparison, the average PM<sub>10</sub> concentration with and without control measures in study site #2 is 53.95 µg/m<sup>3</sup> and 135.69 µg/m<sup>3</sup>. Therefore, the control measure has successfully reduced the PM<sub>10</sub> concentrations by 99.90% and 60.24% in study sites #1 and #2, respectively, and ensures the air quality complies with the Malaysian Ambient Air Quality Guidelines (MAAQG) 24 h threshold limits at 100 µg/m<sup>3</sup>. In addition, the AERMOD modeling results showed that mitigation measures performed better in rock crushing and quarry operations than in iron ore mining projects in this case study. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-21481cf4e1e143d19d6809c086cda3b0 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj-art-21481cf4e1e143d19d6809c086cda3b02025-08-20T03:14:23ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332025-03-0116436910.3390/atmos16040369Modeling PM<sub>10</sub> Emissions in Quarry and Mining Operations: Insights from AERMOD Applications in MalaysiaMd Munir Hayet Khan0Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan1Indra Chandra2Thomas M. T. Lei3Faculty of Engineering & Quantity Surveying (FEQS), INTI International University (INTI-IU), Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, MalaysiaCollege of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, ChinaEngineering Physics, School of Electrical Engineering, Telkom University, Bandung 40257, IndonesiaInstitute of Science and Environment, University of Saint Joseph, Macau 999078, ChinaPM<sub>10</sub> emissions have been a significant concern in rock crushing and quarry operations (study site #1) and iron ore mining projects (study site #2) in certain regions of Malaysia, posing fears to the health and well-being of nearby communities with severe air pollution. To address this issue, it is crucial to develop effective mitigation strategies to reduce dust particle emissions like PM<sub>10</sub> in the ambient air. The AERMOD model was applied to predict PM<sub>10</sub> emissions during quarry operations and iron ore mining projects, both with and without control measures. The results indicated that PM<sub>10</sub> emissions were reduced when control measures were implemented. The modeling result shows the mean PM<sub>10</sub> concentration with and without control measures in study site #1 is 74.85 µg/m<sup>3</sup> and 20,557.69 µg/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively. In comparison, the average PM<sub>10</sub> concentration with and without control measures in study site #2 is 53.95 µg/m<sup>3</sup> and 135.69 µg/m<sup>3</sup>. Therefore, the control measure has successfully reduced the PM<sub>10</sub> concentrations by 99.90% and 60.24% in study sites #1 and #2, respectively, and ensures the air quality complies with the Malaysian Ambient Air Quality Guidelines (MAAQG) 24 h threshold limits at 100 µg/m<sup>3</sup>. In addition, the AERMOD modeling results showed that mitigation measures performed better in rock crushing and quarry operations than in iron ore mining projects in this case study.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/4/369air pollutionAERMOD modelair qualityrock crushingquarry operationiron ore mining |
| spellingShingle | Md Munir Hayet Khan Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan Indra Chandra Thomas M. T. Lei Modeling PM<sub>10</sub> Emissions in Quarry and Mining Operations: Insights from AERMOD Applications in Malaysia Atmosphere air pollution AERMOD model air quality rock crushing quarry operation iron ore mining |
| title | Modeling PM<sub>10</sub> Emissions in Quarry and Mining Operations: Insights from AERMOD Applications in Malaysia |
| title_full | Modeling PM<sub>10</sub> Emissions in Quarry and Mining Operations: Insights from AERMOD Applications in Malaysia |
| title_fullStr | Modeling PM<sub>10</sub> Emissions in Quarry and Mining Operations: Insights from AERMOD Applications in Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modeling PM<sub>10</sub> Emissions in Quarry and Mining Operations: Insights from AERMOD Applications in Malaysia |
| title_short | Modeling PM<sub>10</sub> Emissions in Quarry and Mining Operations: Insights from AERMOD Applications in Malaysia |
| title_sort | modeling pm sub 10 sub emissions in quarry and mining operations insights from aermod applications in malaysia |
| topic | air pollution AERMOD model air quality rock crushing quarry operation iron ore mining |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/4/369 |
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