The association between working hours and working type with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from the NHANES 1999-2014
BackgroundPrevious research has indicated that long working hours are connected to a variety of health conditions, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, this association which has been observed in more population is limited. Our research is designed to evaluate the association...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2024.1499735/full |
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| author | Ruli Wang Ningxi Wu Huan Qu Xiaowei Zheng Haoyang Zhang Lihong Zhu Xiaolei Wang Xiaodie Yao Le Zhang |
| author_facet | Ruli Wang Ningxi Wu Huan Qu Xiaowei Zheng Haoyang Zhang Lihong Zhu Xiaolei Wang Xiaodie Yao Le Zhang |
| author_sort | Ruli Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundPrevious research has indicated that long working hours are connected to a variety of health conditions, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, this association which has been observed in more population is limited. Our research is designed to evaluate the association between working hours, working type, and NAFLD.MethodsThe study comprised adults with complete details on working hours, working type, and NAFLD from the NHANES 1999-2014. We employed the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) to evaluate NAFLD and examined the relationship between working hours or working type and hepatic steatosis using weighted multiple-variable regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis. In addition, further subgroup analysis was performed based on sex, age, ratio of family income to poverty (PIR), education, and diabetes.ResultsLong working hours were significantly linked to an elevated risk of NAFLD (OR: 1.57, 95%CI: 1.21-2.05), even after controlling for confounding factors. RCS analysis suggested that there was no nonlinear relationship between them. When weekly working hours > 50, the likelihood of NAFLD among the population heightened to 57% and this risk increased to 99% in the female population. As for working type, increasing physical intensity of work was associated with higher NAFLD risk, but only heavy manual labor continued to show significance after adjustment (OR:1.39, 95%CI: 1.06-1.81). We observed that the relationship between heavy manual labor and NAFLD was more significant in the older and male populations.ConclusionOur results indicate that long working hours and engaging in heavy physical labor are independent risk factors for NAFLD. As working hours increase and individuals engage in heavy physical labor for extended periods, the risk of developing NAFLD significantly rises. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2134760a5ebb4b9297ecc7be8e63641d |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-2134760a5ebb4b9297ecc7be8e63641d2025-08-20T02:41:14ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922025-01-011510.3389/fendo.2024.14997351499735The association between working hours and working type with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from the NHANES 1999-2014Ruli Wang0Ningxi Wu1Huan Qu2Xiaowei Zheng3Haoyang Zhang4Lihong Zhu5Xiaolei Wang6Xiaodie Yao7Le Zhang8Department of Pediatric Laboratory, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, ChinaDepartment of Pediatric Laboratory, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, ChinaDepartment of Health Management Centre, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaPublic Health Research Center and Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, ChinaDepartment of Pediatric Laboratory, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, ChinaDepartment of Pediatric Laboratory, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, ChinaDepartment of Pediatric Laboratory, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, ChinaDepartment of Pediatric Laboratory, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, ChinaDepartment of Pediatric Laboratory, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, ChinaBackgroundPrevious research has indicated that long working hours are connected to a variety of health conditions, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, this association which has been observed in more population is limited. Our research is designed to evaluate the association between working hours, working type, and NAFLD.MethodsThe study comprised adults with complete details on working hours, working type, and NAFLD from the NHANES 1999-2014. We employed the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) to evaluate NAFLD and examined the relationship between working hours or working type and hepatic steatosis using weighted multiple-variable regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis. In addition, further subgroup analysis was performed based on sex, age, ratio of family income to poverty (PIR), education, and diabetes.ResultsLong working hours were significantly linked to an elevated risk of NAFLD (OR: 1.57, 95%CI: 1.21-2.05), even after controlling for confounding factors. RCS analysis suggested that there was no nonlinear relationship between them. When weekly working hours > 50, the likelihood of NAFLD among the population heightened to 57% and this risk increased to 99% in the female population. As for working type, increasing physical intensity of work was associated with higher NAFLD risk, but only heavy manual labor continued to show significance after adjustment (OR:1.39, 95%CI: 1.06-1.81). We observed that the relationship between heavy manual labor and NAFLD was more significant in the older and male populations.ConclusionOur results indicate that long working hours and engaging in heavy physical labor are independent risk factors for NAFLD. As working hours increase and individuals engage in heavy physical labor for extended periods, the risk of developing NAFLD significantly rises.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2024.1499735/fullworking hoursworking typehepatic steatosis indexNAFLDNHANES |
| spellingShingle | Ruli Wang Ningxi Wu Huan Qu Xiaowei Zheng Haoyang Zhang Lihong Zhu Xiaolei Wang Xiaodie Yao Le Zhang The association between working hours and working type with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from the NHANES 1999-2014 Frontiers in Endocrinology working hours working type hepatic steatosis index NAFLD NHANES |
| title | The association between working hours and working type with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from the NHANES 1999-2014 |
| title_full | The association between working hours and working type with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from the NHANES 1999-2014 |
| title_fullStr | The association between working hours and working type with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from the NHANES 1999-2014 |
| title_full_unstemmed | The association between working hours and working type with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from the NHANES 1999-2014 |
| title_short | The association between working hours and working type with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from the NHANES 1999-2014 |
| title_sort | association between working hours and working type with non alcoholic fatty liver disease results from the nhanes 1999 2014 |
| topic | working hours working type hepatic steatosis index NAFLD NHANES |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2024.1499735/full |
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