Direct injection of water vapor into the stratosphere by volcanic eruptions
Abstract While theoretical studies show that water vapor (WV) can be directly injected into the stratosphere during a volcanic eruption, few observations of such a phenomenon exist. The Microwave Limb Sounder observed stratospheric injection of WV following the 2015 Calbuco eruption. Lower stratosph...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-07-01
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| Series: | Geophysical Research Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069918 |
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| author | Christopher E. Sioris Alain Malo Chris A. McLinden Real D'Amours |
| author_facet | Christopher E. Sioris Alain Malo Chris A. McLinden Real D'Amours |
| author_sort | Christopher E. Sioris |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract While theoretical studies show that water vapor (WV) can be directly injected into the stratosphere during a volcanic eruption, few observations of such a phenomenon exist. The Microwave Limb Sounder observed stratospheric injection of WV following the 2015 Calbuco eruption. Lower stratospheric mixing ratios exceeded 10 ppmv for a few days downwind of the injection location. Plume transport is confirmed by back trajectory modeling. Due to the short duration and limited spatial extent of the enhancement, climatic impact is expected to be negligible. This letter provides spatiotemporal analysis of a volcanogenic pulse of lower stratospheric WV as it dispersed. The inferred mass of stratospheric WV from this eruption of 2 megaton (Mt) and the rapid evanescence of the enhancement are similar to what has been observed for other eruptions, suggesting that injection by moderately explosive eruptions is not an effective mechanism for large‐scale stratospheric hydration. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2131daa934cb4912b92006c5d7f2d0f9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0094-8276 1944-8007 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geophysical Research Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-2131daa934cb4912b92006c5d7f2d0f92025-08-20T03:49:41ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072016-07-0143147694770010.1002/2016GL069918Direct injection of water vapor into the stratosphere by volcanic eruptionsChristopher E. Sioris0Alain Malo1Chris A. McLinden2Real D'Amours3Environment and Climate Change Canada Toronto Ontario CanadaEnvironment and Climate Change Canada Dorval Quebec CanadaEnvironment and Climate Change Canada Toronto Ontario CanadaEnvironment and Climate Change Canada Dorval Quebec CanadaAbstract While theoretical studies show that water vapor (WV) can be directly injected into the stratosphere during a volcanic eruption, few observations of such a phenomenon exist. The Microwave Limb Sounder observed stratospheric injection of WV following the 2015 Calbuco eruption. Lower stratospheric mixing ratios exceeded 10 ppmv for a few days downwind of the injection location. Plume transport is confirmed by back trajectory modeling. Due to the short duration and limited spatial extent of the enhancement, climatic impact is expected to be negligible. This letter provides spatiotemporal analysis of a volcanogenic pulse of lower stratospheric WV as it dispersed. The inferred mass of stratospheric WV from this eruption of 2 megaton (Mt) and the rapid evanescence of the enhancement are similar to what has been observed for other eruptions, suggesting that injection by moderately explosive eruptions is not an effective mechanism for large‐scale stratospheric hydration.https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069918remote sensingwater vaporstratospherevolcanic eruption |
| spellingShingle | Christopher E. Sioris Alain Malo Chris A. McLinden Real D'Amours Direct injection of water vapor into the stratosphere by volcanic eruptions Geophysical Research Letters remote sensing water vapor stratosphere volcanic eruption |
| title | Direct injection of water vapor into the stratosphere by volcanic eruptions |
| title_full | Direct injection of water vapor into the stratosphere by volcanic eruptions |
| title_fullStr | Direct injection of water vapor into the stratosphere by volcanic eruptions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Direct injection of water vapor into the stratosphere by volcanic eruptions |
| title_short | Direct injection of water vapor into the stratosphere by volcanic eruptions |
| title_sort | direct injection of water vapor into the stratosphere by volcanic eruptions |
| topic | remote sensing water vapor stratosphere volcanic eruption |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069918 |
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