Bridging the gap in full immunisation coverage with parental awareness and attitudes: a community-based cross-sectional analysis on routine childhood vaccinations in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu, South India

Objectives To determine the independent predictors of full immunisation coverage (FIC) among children aged 12–23 months along with the parental awareness and attitudes (of children aged ≤23 months) regarding routine childhood vaccinations in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu, South India.Design A co...

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Main Authors: Krishnapillai Vijayakumar, Vijay Anand, Neeraj Vinod Mohandas, Avani Dinesh, Vinod Mohandas, Sanidhya S Karve
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2025-08-01
Series:BMJ Open
Online Access:https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/8/e099678.full
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author Krishnapillai Vijayakumar
Vijay Anand
Neeraj Vinod Mohandas
Avani Dinesh
Vinod Mohandas
Sanidhya S Karve
author_facet Krishnapillai Vijayakumar
Vijay Anand
Neeraj Vinod Mohandas
Avani Dinesh
Vinod Mohandas
Sanidhya S Karve
author_sort Krishnapillai Vijayakumar
collection DOAJ
description Objectives To determine the independent predictors of full immunisation coverage (FIC) among children aged 12–23 months along with the parental awareness and attitudes (of children aged ≤23 months) regarding routine childhood vaccinations in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu, South India.Design A community-based cross-sectional analysis.Setting Perambalur district situated in the central region of Tamil Nadu state, South India.Participants Parents of children aged ≤23 months.Outcome measures The primary outcome measured was the FIC and FIC plus in the district along with the parental awareness and attitudes regarding routine childhood vaccinations. The independent predictors of FIC and FIC plus were determined using multivariable logistic regression models.Results The study included 652 children, with a mean (±SD) age of 16.47 (±6.37) months and a male-to-female ratio of 60:40. The FIC and FIC plus of children aged 12–23 months were 91.3% (95% CI 88.64 to 93.33) and 79.7% (95% CI 76.15 to 82.80), respectively. The immunisation card retention was 97.9% among the parents of children aged 12–23 months. The independent predictors of FIC included below poverty line families (adjusted OR (AOR) 0.11; 95% CI 0.02 to 0.64), illiteracy among mothers (AOR 0.67; 95% CI 0.32 to 0.87), lack of immunisation card (AOR 0.14; 95% CI 0.03 to 0.55), lack of frequent home visits by healthcare worker (AOR 0.38; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.79) and hesitancy of parents towards vaccination (AOR 0.26; 95% CI 0.12 to 0.87).Conclusion This study revealed a high FIC in this specific district. However, achieving full coverage is influenced by factors like socioeconomic status, maternal education and parental attitudes. Understanding these factors is essential for improving immunisation rates and ensuring all children are protected.
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spelling doaj-art-211172d8e58742e28560fda00b6ed3752025-08-20T02:55:06ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552025-08-0115810.1136/bmjopen-2025-099678Bridging the gap in full immunisation coverage with parental awareness and attitudes: a community-based cross-sectional analysis on routine childhood vaccinations in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu, South IndiaKrishnapillai Vijayakumar0Vijay Anand1Neeraj Vinod Mohandas2Avani Dinesh3Vinod Mohandas4Sanidhya S Karve5Department of Community Medicine, Health Action by People, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Community Medicine, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Community Medicine, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, IndiaUrban Global Public Health, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey, USADepartment of General Surgery, V. V. Clinic, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Radiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, Kerala, IndiaObjectives To determine the independent predictors of full immunisation coverage (FIC) among children aged 12–23 months along with the parental awareness and attitudes (of children aged ≤23 months) regarding routine childhood vaccinations in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu, South India.Design A community-based cross-sectional analysis.Setting Perambalur district situated in the central region of Tamil Nadu state, South India.Participants Parents of children aged ≤23 months.Outcome measures The primary outcome measured was the FIC and FIC plus in the district along with the parental awareness and attitudes regarding routine childhood vaccinations. The independent predictors of FIC and FIC plus were determined using multivariable logistic regression models.Results The study included 652 children, with a mean (±SD) age of 16.47 (±6.37) months and a male-to-female ratio of 60:40. The FIC and FIC plus of children aged 12–23 months were 91.3% (95% CI 88.64 to 93.33) and 79.7% (95% CI 76.15 to 82.80), respectively. The immunisation card retention was 97.9% among the parents of children aged 12–23 months. The independent predictors of FIC included below poverty line families (adjusted OR (AOR) 0.11; 95% CI 0.02 to 0.64), illiteracy among mothers (AOR 0.67; 95% CI 0.32 to 0.87), lack of immunisation card (AOR 0.14; 95% CI 0.03 to 0.55), lack of frequent home visits by healthcare worker (AOR 0.38; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.79) and hesitancy of parents towards vaccination (AOR 0.26; 95% CI 0.12 to 0.87).Conclusion This study revealed a high FIC in this specific district. However, achieving full coverage is influenced by factors like socioeconomic status, maternal education and parental attitudes. Understanding these factors is essential for improving immunisation rates and ensuring all children are protected.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/8/e099678.full
spellingShingle Krishnapillai Vijayakumar
Vijay Anand
Neeraj Vinod Mohandas
Avani Dinesh
Vinod Mohandas
Sanidhya S Karve
Bridging the gap in full immunisation coverage with parental awareness and attitudes: a community-based cross-sectional analysis on routine childhood vaccinations in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu, South India
BMJ Open
title Bridging the gap in full immunisation coverage with parental awareness and attitudes: a community-based cross-sectional analysis on routine childhood vaccinations in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu, South India
title_full Bridging the gap in full immunisation coverage with parental awareness and attitudes: a community-based cross-sectional analysis on routine childhood vaccinations in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu, South India
title_fullStr Bridging the gap in full immunisation coverage with parental awareness and attitudes: a community-based cross-sectional analysis on routine childhood vaccinations in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu, South India
title_full_unstemmed Bridging the gap in full immunisation coverage with parental awareness and attitudes: a community-based cross-sectional analysis on routine childhood vaccinations in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu, South India
title_short Bridging the gap in full immunisation coverage with parental awareness and attitudes: a community-based cross-sectional analysis on routine childhood vaccinations in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu, South India
title_sort bridging the gap in full immunisation coverage with parental awareness and attitudes a community based cross sectional analysis on routine childhood vaccinations in perambalur district of tamil nadu south india
url https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/8/e099678.full
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