Behavioral Cooperation or Conflict of Human Intestinal Roundworms and Microbiomes: A Bio-Activity Perspective

Human infections are greatly impacted by intestinal nematodes. These nematodes, which encompass the large roundworms, have a direct impact on human health and well-being due to their close cohabitation with the host’s microorganisms. When nematodes infect a host, the microbiome composition changes,...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Meisam Khazaei, Malihe Parsasefat, Aisa Bahar, Hamed Tahmasebi, Valentyn Oksenych
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Cells
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/7/556
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849738810300039168
author Meisam Khazaei
Malihe Parsasefat
Aisa Bahar
Hamed Tahmasebi
Valentyn Oksenych
author_facet Meisam Khazaei
Malihe Parsasefat
Aisa Bahar
Hamed Tahmasebi
Valentyn Oksenych
author_sort Meisam Khazaei
collection DOAJ
description Human infections are greatly impacted by intestinal nematodes. These nematodes, which encompass the large roundworms, have a direct impact on human health and well-being due to their close cohabitation with the host’s microorganisms. When nematodes infect a host, the microbiome composition changes, and this can impact the host’s ability to control the parasites. We aimed to find out if the small intestinal roundworms produce substances that have antimicrobial properties and respond to their microbial environment, and if the immune and regulatory reactions to nematodes are altered in humans lacking gut microbes. There is no doubt that different nematodes living in the intestines can alter the balance of intestinal bacteria. Nonetheless, our knowledge about the parasite’s influence on the gut microbiome remains restricted. The last two decades of study have revealed that the type of iron utilized can influence the activation of unique virulence factors. However, some roundworm proteins like P43, which makes up a large portion of the worm’s excretory-secretory product, have an unknown role. This review explores how the bacterial iron regulatory network contributes to the adaptability of this opportunistic pathogen, allowing it to successfully infect nematodes in different host environments.
format Article
id doaj-art-2109927134794e6cb79d212ad3d2e844
institution DOAJ
issn 2073-4409
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Cells
spelling doaj-art-2109927134794e6cb79d212ad3d2e8442025-08-20T03:06:27ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092025-04-0114755610.3390/cells14070556Behavioral Cooperation or Conflict of Human Intestinal Roundworms and Microbiomes: A Bio-Activity PerspectiveMeisam Khazaei0Malihe Parsasefat1Aisa Bahar2Hamed Tahmasebi3Valentyn Oksenych4School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud 36147-73943, IranSchool of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud 36147-73943, IranSchool of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud 36147-73943, IranSchool of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud 36147-73943, IranFaculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, NorwayHuman infections are greatly impacted by intestinal nematodes. These nematodes, which encompass the large roundworms, have a direct impact on human health and well-being due to their close cohabitation with the host’s microorganisms. When nematodes infect a host, the microbiome composition changes, and this can impact the host’s ability to control the parasites. We aimed to find out if the small intestinal roundworms produce substances that have antimicrobial properties and respond to their microbial environment, and if the immune and regulatory reactions to nematodes are altered in humans lacking gut microbes. There is no doubt that different nematodes living in the intestines can alter the balance of intestinal bacteria. Nonetheless, our knowledge about the parasite’s influence on the gut microbiome remains restricted. The last two decades of study have revealed that the type of iron utilized can influence the activation of unique virulence factors. However, some roundworm proteins like P43, which makes up a large portion of the worm’s excretory-secretory product, have an unknown role. This review explores how the bacterial iron regulatory network contributes to the adaptability of this opportunistic pathogen, allowing it to successfully infect nematodes in different host environments.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/7/556parasitesgut microbesmicrobiomebacterial iron regulatorynematodes
spellingShingle Meisam Khazaei
Malihe Parsasefat
Aisa Bahar
Hamed Tahmasebi
Valentyn Oksenych
Behavioral Cooperation or Conflict of Human Intestinal Roundworms and Microbiomes: A Bio-Activity Perspective
Cells
parasites
gut microbes
microbiome
bacterial iron regulatory
nematodes
title Behavioral Cooperation or Conflict of Human Intestinal Roundworms and Microbiomes: A Bio-Activity Perspective
title_full Behavioral Cooperation or Conflict of Human Intestinal Roundworms and Microbiomes: A Bio-Activity Perspective
title_fullStr Behavioral Cooperation or Conflict of Human Intestinal Roundworms and Microbiomes: A Bio-Activity Perspective
title_full_unstemmed Behavioral Cooperation or Conflict of Human Intestinal Roundworms and Microbiomes: A Bio-Activity Perspective
title_short Behavioral Cooperation or Conflict of Human Intestinal Roundworms and Microbiomes: A Bio-Activity Perspective
title_sort behavioral cooperation or conflict of human intestinal roundworms and microbiomes a bio activity perspective
topic parasites
gut microbes
microbiome
bacterial iron regulatory
nematodes
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/7/556
work_keys_str_mv AT meisamkhazaei behavioralcooperationorconflictofhumanintestinalroundwormsandmicrobiomesabioactivityperspective
AT maliheparsasefat behavioralcooperationorconflictofhumanintestinalroundwormsandmicrobiomesabioactivityperspective
AT aisabahar behavioralcooperationorconflictofhumanintestinalroundwormsandmicrobiomesabioactivityperspective
AT hamedtahmasebi behavioralcooperationorconflictofhumanintestinalroundwormsandmicrobiomesabioactivityperspective
AT valentynoksenych behavioralcooperationorconflictofhumanintestinalroundwormsandmicrobiomesabioactivityperspective