Thermal Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A Review

Recently, electric vehicles (EVs) have proven to be a practical option for lowering greenhouse gas emissions and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Lithium-ion batteries, at the core of this innovation, require efficient thermal management to ensure optimal performance, safety, and durability. This...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kenia Yadira Gómez Díaz, Susana Estefany De León Aldaco, Jesus Aguayo Alquicira, Mario Ponce Silva, Samuel Portillo Contreras, Oscar Sánchez Vargas
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:World Electric Vehicle Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/16/7/346
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849713516676644864
author Kenia Yadira Gómez Díaz
Susana Estefany De León Aldaco
Jesus Aguayo Alquicira
Mario Ponce Silva
Samuel Portillo Contreras
Oscar Sánchez Vargas
author_facet Kenia Yadira Gómez Díaz
Susana Estefany De León Aldaco
Jesus Aguayo Alquicira
Mario Ponce Silva
Samuel Portillo Contreras
Oscar Sánchez Vargas
author_sort Kenia Yadira Gómez Díaz
collection DOAJ
description Recently, electric vehicles (EVs) have proven to be a practical option for lowering greenhouse gas emissions and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Lithium-ion batteries, at the core of this innovation, require efficient thermal management to ensure optimal performance, safety, and durability. This article reviews current scientific studies on controlling the temperature of lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles. Several cooling strategies are discussed, including air cooling, liquid cooling, the use of phase change materials (PCMs), and hybrids that combine these three types of cooling, with the primary objective of enhancing the thermal performance of the batteries. Additionally, the challenges and proposed solutions in battery pack design and energy management methodologies are explored. As the demand for electric vehicles increases, improving battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) is becoming increasingly important. Implementing and developing better BTMSs will help increase the autonomy and safety of electric vehicles in the long term.
format Article
id doaj-art-20fc0448dc1f4c9fa0adf3e05b2c5509
institution DOAJ
issn 2032-6653
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series World Electric Vehicle Journal
spelling doaj-art-20fc0448dc1f4c9fa0adf3e05b2c55092025-08-20T03:13:57ZengMDPI AGWorld Electric Vehicle Journal2032-66532025-06-0116734610.3390/wevj16070346Thermal Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A ReviewKenia Yadira Gómez Díaz0Susana Estefany De León Aldaco1Jesus Aguayo Alquicira2Mario Ponce Silva3Samuel Portillo Contreras4Oscar Sánchez Vargas5Centro Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (CENIDET), Tecnológico Nacional de México, Cuernavaca 62490, MexicoCentro Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (CENIDET), Tecnológico Nacional de México, Cuernavaca 62490, MexicoCentro Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (CENIDET), Tecnológico Nacional de México, Cuernavaca 62490, MexicoCentro Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (CENIDET), Tecnológico Nacional de México, Cuernavaca 62490, MexicoEscuela de Estudios Superiores de Yecapixtla, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos, Yecapixtla 62800, MexicoCentro Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (CENIDET), Tecnológico Nacional de México, Cuernavaca 62490, MexicoRecently, electric vehicles (EVs) have proven to be a practical option for lowering greenhouse gas emissions and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Lithium-ion batteries, at the core of this innovation, require efficient thermal management to ensure optimal performance, safety, and durability. This article reviews current scientific studies on controlling the temperature of lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles. Several cooling strategies are discussed, including air cooling, liquid cooling, the use of phase change materials (PCMs), and hybrids that combine these three types of cooling, with the primary objective of enhancing the thermal performance of the batteries. Additionally, the challenges and proposed solutions in battery pack design and energy management methodologies are explored. As the demand for electric vehicles increases, improving battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) is becoming increasingly important. Implementing and developing better BTMSs will help increase the autonomy and safety of electric vehicles in the long term.https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/16/7/346lithium-ion batterieselectric vehiclebattery thermal management systembattery pack designbattery management system
spellingShingle Kenia Yadira Gómez Díaz
Susana Estefany De León Aldaco
Jesus Aguayo Alquicira
Mario Ponce Silva
Samuel Portillo Contreras
Oscar Sánchez Vargas
Thermal Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A Review
World Electric Vehicle Journal
lithium-ion batteries
electric vehicle
battery thermal management system
battery pack design
battery management system
title Thermal Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A Review
title_full Thermal Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A Review
title_fullStr Thermal Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A Review
title_full_unstemmed Thermal Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A Review
title_short Thermal Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A Review
title_sort thermal management systems for lithium ion batteries for electric vehicles a review
topic lithium-ion batteries
electric vehicle
battery thermal management system
battery pack design
battery management system
url https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/16/7/346
work_keys_str_mv AT keniayadiragomezdiaz thermalmanagementsystemsforlithiumionbatteriesforelectricvehiclesareview
AT susanaestefanydeleonaldaco thermalmanagementsystemsforlithiumionbatteriesforelectricvehiclesareview
AT jesusaguayoalquicira thermalmanagementsystemsforlithiumionbatteriesforelectricvehiclesareview
AT marioponcesilva thermalmanagementsystemsforlithiumionbatteriesforelectricvehiclesareview
AT samuelportillocontreras thermalmanagementsystemsforlithiumionbatteriesforelectricvehiclesareview
AT oscarsanchezvargas thermalmanagementsystemsforlithiumionbatteriesforelectricvehiclesareview