Thermal Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A Review
Recently, electric vehicles (EVs) have proven to be a practical option for lowering greenhouse gas emissions and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Lithium-ion batteries, at the core of this innovation, require efficient thermal management to ensure optimal performance, safety, and durability. This...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Series: | World Electric Vehicle Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/16/7/346 |
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| author | Kenia Yadira Gómez Díaz Susana Estefany De León Aldaco Jesus Aguayo Alquicira Mario Ponce Silva Samuel Portillo Contreras Oscar Sánchez Vargas |
| author_facet | Kenia Yadira Gómez Díaz Susana Estefany De León Aldaco Jesus Aguayo Alquicira Mario Ponce Silva Samuel Portillo Contreras Oscar Sánchez Vargas |
| author_sort | Kenia Yadira Gómez Díaz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recently, electric vehicles (EVs) have proven to be a practical option for lowering greenhouse gas emissions and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Lithium-ion batteries, at the core of this innovation, require efficient thermal management to ensure optimal performance, safety, and durability. This article reviews current scientific studies on controlling the temperature of lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles. Several cooling strategies are discussed, including air cooling, liquid cooling, the use of phase change materials (PCMs), and hybrids that combine these three types of cooling, with the primary objective of enhancing the thermal performance of the batteries. Additionally, the challenges and proposed solutions in battery pack design and energy management methodologies are explored. As the demand for electric vehicles increases, improving battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) is becoming increasingly important. Implementing and developing better BTMSs will help increase the autonomy and safety of electric vehicles in the long term. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-20fc0448dc1f4c9fa0adf3e05b2c5509 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2032-6653 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | World Electric Vehicle Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-20fc0448dc1f4c9fa0adf3e05b2c55092025-08-20T03:13:57ZengMDPI AGWorld Electric Vehicle Journal2032-66532025-06-0116734610.3390/wevj16070346Thermal Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A ReviewKenia Yadira Gómez Díaz0Susana Estefany De León Aldaco1Jesus Aguayo Alquicira2Mario Ponce Silva3Samuel Portillo Contreras4Oscar Sánchez Vargas5Centro Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (CENIDET), Tecnológico Nacional de México, Cuernavaca 62490, MexicoCentro Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (CENIDET), Tecnológico Nacional de México, Cuernavaca 62490, MexicoCentro Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (CENIDET), Tecnológico Nacional de México, Cuernavaca 62490, MexicoCentro Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (CENIDET), Tecnológico Nacional de México, Cuernavaca 62490, MexicoEscuela de Estudios Superiores de Yecapixtla, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos, Yecapixtla 62800, MexicoCentro Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (CENIDET), Tecnológico Nacional de México, Cuernavaca 62490, MexicoRecently, electric vehicles (EVs) have proven to be a practical option for lowering greenhouse gas emissions and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Lithium-ion batteries, at the core of this innovation, require efficient thermal management to ensure optimal performance, safety, and durability. This article reviews current scientific studies on controlling the temperature of lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles. Several cooling strategies are discussed, including air cooling, liquid cooling, the use of phase change materials (PCMs), and hybrids that combine these three types of cooling, with the primary objective of enhancing the thermal performance of the batteries. Additionally, the challenges and proposed solutions in battery pack design and energy management methodologies are explored. As the demand for electric vehicles increases, improving battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) is becoming increasingly important. Implementing and developing better BTMSs will help increase the autonomy and safety of electric vehicles in the long term.https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/16/7/346lithium-ion batterieselectric vehiclebattery thermal management systembattery pack designbattery management system |
| spellingShingle | Kenia Yadira Gómez Díaz Susana Estefany De León Aldaco Jesus Aguayo Alquicira Mario Ponce Silva Samuel Portillo Contreras Oscar Sánchez Vargas Thermal Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A Review World Electric Vehicle Journal lithium-ion batteries electric vehicle battery thermal management system battery pack design battery management system |
| title | Thermal Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A Review |
| title_full | Thermal Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Thermal Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thermal Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A Review |
| title_short | Thermal Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles: A Review |
| title_sort | thermal management systems for lithium ion batteries for electric vehicles a review |
| topic | lithium-ion batteries electric vehicle battery thermal management system battery pack design battery management system |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/16/7/346 |
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