Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Hair Loss Disease Alopecia Areata
Alopecia areata is considered to be a cell-mediated autoimmune disease, in which autoreactive cytotoxic T cells recognize melanocyte-associated proteins such as tyrosinase. This review discusses recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of alopecia areata, focusing on immunobiology an...
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| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/348546 |
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| author | Taisuke Ito |
| author_facet | Taisuke Ito |
| author_sort | Taisuke Ito |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Alopecia areata is considered to be a cell-mediated autoimmune disease, in which autoreactive cytotoxic T cells recognize melanocyte-associated proteins such as tyrosinase. This review discusses recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of alopecia areata, focusing on immunobiology and hormonal aspects of hair follicles (HFs). The HF is a unique “miniorgan” with its own immune and hormonal microenvironment. The immunosuppressive milieu of the anagen hair bulb modulated by immunosuppressive factors is known as “hair follicle immune privilege.” The collapse of the hair follicle immune privilege leads to autoimmune reactions against hair follicle autoantigens. Alopecia areata is sometimes triggered by viral infections such as influenza that causes excess production of interferons (IFN). IFN-γ is one of the key factors that lead to the collapse of immune privilege. This paper reviews the interactions between the endocrine and immune systems and hair follicles in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-20f886b9b79e4be795dbeb26f4a8af6a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1740-2522 1740-2530 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-20f886b9b79e4be795dbeb26f4a8af6a2025-02-03T05:59:16ZengWileyClinical and Developmental Immunology1740-25221740-25302013-01-01201310.1155/2013/348546348546Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Hair Loss Disease Alopecia AreataTaisuke Ito0Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-1192, JapanAlopecia areata is considered to be a cell-mediated autoimmune disease, in which autoreactive cytotoxic T cells recognize melanocyte-associated proteins such as tyrosinase. This review discusses recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of alopecia areata, focusing on immunobiology and hormonal aspects of hair follicles (HFs). The HF is a unique “miniorgan” with its own immune and hormonal microenvironment. The immunosuppressive milieu of the anagen hair bulb modulated by immunosuppressive factors is known as “hair follicle immune privilege.” The collapse of the hair follicle immune privilege leads to autoimmune reactions against hair follicle autoantigens. Alopecia areata is sometimes triggered by viral infections such as influenza that causes excess production of interferons (IFN). IFN-γ is one of the key factors that lead to the collapse of immune privilege. This paper reviews the interactions between the endocrine and immune systems and hair follicles in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/348546 |
| spellingShingle | Taisuke Ito Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Hair Loss Disease Alopecia Areata Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| title | Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Hair Loss Disease Alopecia Areata |
| title_full | Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Hair Loss Disease Alopecia Areata |
| title_fullStr | Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Hair Loss Disease Alopecia Areata |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Hair Loss Disease Alopecia Areata |
| title_short | Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Hair Loss Disease Alopecia Areata |
| title_sort | recent advances in the pathogenesis of autoimmune hair loss disease alopecia areata |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/348546 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT taisukeito recentadvancesinthepathogenesisofautoimmunehairlossdiseasealopeciaareata |