Impacts of Climate Change-Induced Temperature Rise on Phenology, Physiology, and Yield in Three Red Grape Cultivars: Malbec, Bonarda, and Syrah
Climate change has significant implications for agriculture, especially in viticulture, where temperature plays a crucial role in grapevine (<i>Vitis vinifera</i>) growth. Mendoza’s climate is ideal for producing high-quality wines, but 21st-century climate change is expected to have neg...
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2024-11-01
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| author | Deolindo L. E. Dominguez Miguel A. Cirrincione Leonor Deis Liliana E. Martínez |
| author_facet | Deolindo L. E. Dominguez Miguel A. Cirrincione Leonor Deis Liliana E. Martínez |
| author_sort | Deolindo L. E. Dominguez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Climate change has significant implications for agriculture, especially in viticulture, where temperature plays a crucial role in grapevine (<i>Vitis vinifera</i>) growth. Mendoza’s climate is ideal for producing high-quality wines, but 21st-century climate change is expected to have negative impacts. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of increased temperature on the phenology, physiology, and yield of Malbec, Bonarda, and Syrah. A field trial was conducted over two seasons (2019–2020 and 2020–2021) in an experimental vineyard with an active canopy heating system (+2–4 °C). Phenological stages (budburst, flowering, fruit set, veraison, harvest), shoot growth (SG), number of shoots (NS), stomatal conductance (gs), chlorophyll content (CC), chlorophyll fluorescence (CF), and water potential (ψa) were measured. Additionally, temperature, relative humidity, light intensity, and canopy temperature were recorded. Heat treatment advanced all phenological stages by approximately two weeks, increased SG and NS, and reduced gs and ψa during the hottest months. CC and CF remained unaffected. The treatment also resulted in lower yields, reduced acidity, and increased °Brix in both seasons. Overall, rising temperatures due to climate change advance the phenological phases of Malbec, Syrah, and Bonarda, leading to lower yields, higher °Brix, and lower acidity, although physiological variables remained largely unchanged. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-20dae844bb44454f8ec6ac17e0da306d |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| spelling | doaj-art-20dae844bb44454f8ec6ac17e0da306d2025-08-20T02:05:01ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-11-011322321910.3390/plants13223219Impacts of Climate Change-Induced Temperature Rise on Phenology, Physiology, and Yield in Three Red Grape Cultivars: Malbec, Bonarda, and SyrahDeolindo L. E. Dominguez0Miguel A. Cirrincione1Leonor Deis2Liliana E. Martínez3Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCuyo), Almirante Brown 500, Chacras de Coria, Mendoza 5507, ArgentinaCátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCuyo), Almirante Brown 500, Chacras de Coria, Mendoza 5507, ArgentinaCátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCuyo), Almirante Brown 500, Chacras de Coria, Mendoza 5507, ArgentinaCátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCuyo), Almirante Brown 500, Chacras de Coria, Mendoza 5507, ArgentinaClimate change has significant implications for agriculture, especially in viticulture, where temperature plays a crucial role in grapevine (<i>Vitis vinifera</i>) growth. Mendoza’s climate is ideal for producing high-quality wines, but 21st-century climate change is expected to have negative impacts. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of increased temperature on the phenology, physiology, and yield of Malbec, Bonarda, and Syrah. A field trial was conducted over two seasons (2019–2020 and 2020–2021) in an experimental vineyard with an active canopy heating system (+2–4 °C). Phenological stages (budburst, flowering, fruit set, veraison, harvest), shoot growth (SG), number of shoots (NS), stomatal conductance (gs), chlorophyll content (CC), chlorophyll fluorescence (CF), and water potential (ψa) were measured. Additionally, temperature, relative humidity, light intensity, and canopy temperature were recorded. Heat treatment advanced all phenological stages by approximately two weeks, increased SG and NS, and reduced gs and ψa during the hottest months. CC and CF remained unaffected. The treatment also resulted in lower yields, reduced acidity, and increased °Brix in both seasons. Overall, rising temperatures due to climate change advance the phenological phases of Malbec, Syrah, and Bonarda, leading to lower yields, higher °Brix, and lower acidity, although physiological variables remained largely unchanged.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/22/3219viticultureheat stressphenological development<i>Vitis</i>heat waves |
| spellingShingle | Deolindo L. E. Dominguez Miguel A. Cirrincione Leonor Deis Liliana E. Martínez Impacts of Climate Change-Induced Temperature Rise on Phenology, Physiology, and Yield in Three Red Grape Cultivars: Malbec, Bonarda, and Syrah Plants viticulture heat stress phenological development <i>Vitis</i> heat waves |
| title | Impacts of Climate Change-Induced Temperature Rise on Phenology, Physiology, and Yield in Three Red Grape Cultivars: Malbec, Bonarda, and Syrah |
| title_full | Impacts of Climate Change-Induced Temperature Rise on Phenology, Physiology, and Yield in Three Red Grape Cultivars: Malbec, Bonarda, and Syrah |
| title_fullStr | Impacts of Climate Change-Induced Temperature Rise on Phenology, Physiology, and Yield in Three Red Grape Cultivars: Malbec, Bonarda, and Syrah |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impacts of Climate Change-Induced Temperature Rise on Phenology, Physiology, and Yield in Three Red Grape Cultivars: Malbec, Bonarda, and Syrah |
| title_short | Impacts of Climate Change-Induced Temperature Rise on Phenology, Physiology, and Yield in Three Red Grape Cultivars: Malbec, Bonarda, and Syrah |
| title_sort | impacts of climate change induced temperature rise on phenology physiology and yield in three red grape cultivars malbec bonarda and syrah |
| topic | viticulture heat stress phenological development <i>Vitis</i> heat waves |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/22/3219 |
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