Plasmodium falciparum malaria challenge by the bite of aseptic Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes: results of a randomized infectivity trial.
<h4>Background</h4>Experimental infection of malaria-naïve volunteers by the bite of Plasmodium falciparum-infected mosquitoes is a preferred means to test the protective effect of malaria vaccines and drugs. The standard model relies on the bite of five infected mosquitoes to induce mal...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2010-10-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0013490&type=printable |
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| author | Kirsten E Lyke Matthew Laurens Matthew Adams Peter F Billingsley Adam Richman Mark Loyevsky Sumana Chakravarty Christopher V Plowe B Kim Lee Sim Robert Edelman Stephen L Hoffman |
| author_facet | Kirsten E Lyke Matthew Laurens Matthew Adams Peter F Billingsley Adam Richman Mark Loyevsky Sumana Chakravarty Christopher V Plowe B Kim Lee Sim Robert Edelman Stephen L Hoffman |
| author_sort | Kirsten E Lyke |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>Experimental infection of malaria-naïve volunteers by the bite of Plasmodium falciparum-infected mosquitoes is a preferred means to test the protective effect of malaria vaccines and drugs. The standard model relies on the bite of five infected mosquitoes to induce malaria. We examined the efficacy of malaria transmission using mosquitoes raised aseptically in compliance with current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMPs).<h4>Methods and findings</h4>Eighteen adults aged 18-40 years were randomized to receive 1, 3 or 5 bites of Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes infected with the chloroquine-sensitive NF54 strain of P. falciparum. Seventeen participants developed malaria; fourteen occurring on Day 11. The mean prepatent period was 10.9 days (9-12 days). The geometric mean parasitemia was 15.7 parasites/µL (range: 4-70) by microscopy. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detected parasites 3.1 (range: 0-4) days prior to microscopy. The geometric mean sporozoite load was 16,753 sporozoites per infected mosquito (range: 1,000-57,500). A 1-bite participant withdrew from the study on Day 13 post-challenge and was PCR and smear negative.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The use of aseptic, cGMP-compliant P. falciparum-infected mosquitoes is safe, is associated with a precise prepatent period compared to the standard model and appears more efficient than the standard approach, as it led to infection in 100% (6/6) of volunteers exposed to three mosquito bites and 83% (5/6) of volunteers exposed to one mosquito bite.<h4>Trial registration</h4>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00744133. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-20a1d503d8cf429c8d6f344ba1f7d30d |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2010-10-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-20a1d503d8cf429c8d6f344ba1f7d30d2025-08-20T02:01:58ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032010-10-01510e1349010.1371/journal.pone.0013490Plasmodium falciparum malaria challenge by the bite of aseptic Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes: results of a randomized infectivity trial.Kirsten E LykeMatthew LaurensMatthew AdamsPeter F BillingsleyAdam RichmanMark LoyevskySumana ChakravartyChristopher V PloweB Kim Lee SimRobert EdelmanStephen L Hoffman<h4>Background</h4>Experimental infection of malaria-naïve volunteers by the bite of Plasmodium falciparum-infected mosquitoes is a preferred means to test the protective effect of malaria vaccines and drugs. The standard model relies on the bite of five infected mosquitoes to induce malaria. We examined the efficacy of malaria transmission using mosquitoes raised aseptically in compliance with current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMPs).<h4>Methods and findings</h4>Eighteen adults aged 18-40 years were randomized to receive 1, 3 or 5 bites of Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes infected with the chloroquine-sensitive NF54 strain of P. falciparum. Seventeen participants developed malaria; fourteen occurring on Day 11. The mean prepatent period was 10.9 days (9-12 days). The geometric mean parasitemia was 15.7 parasites/µL (range: 4-70) by microscopy. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detected parasites 3.1 (range: 0-4) days prior to microscopy. The geometric mean sporozoite load was 16,753 sporozoites per infected mosquito (range: 1,000-57,500). A 1-bite participant withdrew from the study on Day 13 post-challenge and was PCR and smear negative.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The use of aseptic, cGMP-compliant P. falciparum-infected mosquitoes is safe, is associated with a precise prepatent period compared to the standard model and appears more efficient than the standard approach, as it led to infection in 100% (6/6) of volunteers exposed to three mosquito bites and 83% (5/6) of volunteers exposed to one mosquito bite.<h4>Trial registration</h4>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00744133.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0013490&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Kirsten E Lyke Matthew Laurens Matthew Adams Peter F Billingsley Adam Richman Mark Loyevsky Sumana Chakravarty Christopher V Plowe B Kim Lee Sim Robert Edelman Stephen L Hoffman Plasmodium falciparum malaria challenge by the bite of aseptic Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes: results of a randomized infectivity trial. PLoS ONE |
| title | Plasmodium falciparum malaria challenge by the bite of aseptic Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes: results of a randomized infectivity trial. |
| title_full | Plasmodium falciparum malaria challenge by the bite of aseptic Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes: results of a randomized infectivity trial. |
| title_fullStr | Plasmodium falciparum malaria challenge by the bite of aseptic Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes: results of a randomized infectivity trial. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plasmodium falciparum malaria challenge by the bite of aseptic Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes: results of a randomized infectivity trial. |
| title_short | Plasmodium falciparum malaria challenge by the bite of aseptic Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes: results of a randomized infectivity trial. |
| title_sort | plasmodium falciparum malaria challenge by the bite of aseptic anopheles stephensi mosquitoes results of a randomized infectivity trial |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0013490&type=printable |
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