Individual and joint effects of exposure to phthalates and the risk of cardiovascular disease in the chronic kidney disease population: NHANES 2005–2018

Individual and joint effects of exposure to phthalates and the risk of cardiovascular disease in the chronic kidney disease population: NHANES 2005–2018

BackgroundThere is a lack of studies on the relationship between urinary phthalate metabolites (UPMs) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence in adults suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD). We intended to examine the relationship between UPMs and the prevalence of CVD in people with CKD.M...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yuehong Liang, Xiurong Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Public Health
Subjects:
phthalates
cardiovascular disease
chronic kidney disease
NHANES
cross-sectional study
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1579618/full
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