Prospection of the Red Biological Patinas Influencing the Urban Scenery Architecture in Portuguese Territory
Portugal’s architecture reflects a rich history influenced by Roman, Moorish, Neoclassical and Romantic styles, with the 20th century marked by Art Deco and colonial influences. Regional styles vary, with white-painted buildings commonly experiencing color changes due to biofilm formation. Visually...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Heritage |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/7/12/334 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850241327797633024 |
|---|---|
| author | Fabio Sitzia Carla Lisci Luis Dias Silvia Macedo Arantes Ana Teresa Caldeira |
| author_facet | Fabio Sitzia Carla Lisci Luis Dias Silvia Macedo Arantes Ana Teresa Caldeira |
| author_sort | Fabio Sitzia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Portugal’s architecture reflects a rich history influenced by Roman, Moorish, Neoclassical and Romantic styles, with the 20th century marked by Art Deco and colonial influences. Regional styles vary, with white-painted buildings commonly experiencing color changes due to biofilm formation. Visually striking are the red-colored biological patinascommon in the coastal areas. A survey of 120 historical buildings affected by bio-colonization helps to understand the reasons for the patinas’ growing, which beyond natural factors, is often linked to construction defects. A characterization of four samples utilizes Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) to identify the microorganisms composing the red biofilm, while the SEM-EDS, FTIR-ATR and XRD techniques provide further insights into the biofilm and substrate features. The comprehensive data of biochemical characterization indicate a wide variety of microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, some of which exhibit potential as producers of a UV-tolerant red/yellow pigment (carotenoid) responsible for the macroscopic coloration of bio-colonization. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1ffc301beb1846ef9f456b5a17fcb498 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2571-9408 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heritage |
| spelling | doaj-art-1ffc301beb1846ef9f456b5a17fcb4982025-08-20T02:00:38ZengMDPI AGHeritage2571-94082024-12-017127236725410.3390/heritage7120334Prospection of the Red Biological Patinas Influencing the Urban Scenery Architecture in Portuguese TerritoryFabio Sitzia0Carla Lisci1Luis Dias2Silvia Macedo Arantes3Ana Teresa Caldeira4HERCULES Laboratory & IN2PAST, University of Évora, Palácio do Vimioso, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, 7000-809 Évora, PortugalHERCULES Laboratory & IN2PAST, University of Évora, Palácio do Vimioso, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, 7000-809 Évora, PortugalHERCULES Laboratory & IN2PAST, University of Évora, Palácio do Vimioso, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, 7000-809 Évora, PortugalHERCULES Laboratory & IN2PAST, University of Évora, Palácio do Vimioso, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, 7000-809 Évora, PortugalHERCULES Laboratory & IN2PAST, University of Évora, Palácio do Vimioso, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, 7000-809 Évora, PortugalPortugal’s architecture reflects a rich history influenced by Roman, Moorish, Neoclassical and Romantic styles, with the 20th century marked by Art Deco and colonial influences. Regional styles vary, with white-painted buildings commonly experiencing color changes due to biofilm formation. Visually striking are the red-colored biological patinascommon in the coastal areas. A survey of 120 historical buildings affected by bio-colonization helps to understand the reasons for the patinas’ growing, which beyond natural factors, is often linked to construction defects. A characterization of four samples utilizes Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) to identify the microorganisms composing the red biofilm, while the SEM-EDS, FTIR-ATR and XRD techniques provide further insights into the biofilm and substrate features. The comprehensive data of biochemical characterization indicate a wide variety of microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, some of which exhibit potential as producers of a UV-tolerant red/yellow pigment (carotenoid) responsible for the macroscopic coloration of bio-colonization.https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/7/12/334Next-Generation Sequencingrural landscapebuilding pathologycommercial paintingrelative humidityclimate |
| spellingShingle | Fabio Sitzia Carla Lisci Luis Dias Silvia Macedo Arantes Ana Teresa Caldeira Prospection of the Red Biological Patinas Influencing the Urban Scenery Architecture in Portuguese Territory Heritage Next-Generation Sequencing rural landscape building pathology commercial painting relative humidity climate |
| title | Prospection of the Red Biological Patinas Influencing the Urban Scenery Architecture in Portuguese Territory |
| title_full | Prospection of the Red Biological Patinas Influencing the Urban Scenery Architecture in Portuguese Territory |
| title_fullStr | Prospection of the Red Biological Patinas Influencing the Urban Scenery Architecture in Portuguese Territory |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prospection of the Red Biological Patinas Influencing the Urban Scenery Architecture in Portuguese Territory |
| title_short | Prospection of the Red Biological Patinas Influencing the Urban Scenery Architecture in Portuguese Territory |
| title_sort | prospection of the red biological patinas influencing the urban scenery architecture in portuguese territory |
| topic | Next-Generation Sequencing rural landscape building pathology commercial painting relative humidity climate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/7/12/334 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fabiositzia prospectionoftheredbiologicalpatinasinfluencingtheurbansceneryarchitectureinportugueseterritory AT carlalisci prospectionoftheredbiologicalpatinasinfluencingtheurbansceneryarchitectureinportugueseterritory AT luisdias prospectionoftheredbiologicalpatinasinfluencingtheurbansceneryarchitectureinportugueseterritory AT silviamacedoarantes prospectionoftheredbiologicalpatinasinfluencingtheurbansceneryarchitectureinportugueseterritory AT anateresacaldeira prospectionoftheredbiologicalpatinasinfluencingtheurbansceneryarchitectureinportugueseterritory |