Bluetooth-sensed social presence is associated with immediate vigor and delayed fatigue: A multi-method time series analysis
Summary: Social interactions affect emotional well-being, yet their temporal dynamics remain understudied in natural settings. We examined these patterns through an experience sampling method study with 80 participants over two weeks (k = 3,716 assessments), combining Bluetooth device counts (n = 12...
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Elsevier
2025-06-01
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| Series: | iScience |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004225009873 |
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| author | David Willinger Stefan Stieger |
| author_facet | David Willinger Stefan Stieger |
| author_sort | David Willinger |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Summary: Social interactions affect emotional well-being, yet their temporal dynamics remain understudied in natural settings. We examined these patterns through an experience sampling method study with 80 participants over two weeks (k = 3,716 assessments), combining Bluetooth device counts (n = 123,574) as a social presence proxy with self-reported emotional states. Using linear mixed-effects models, continuous-time structural equation models, and multi-state Markov analyses, we uncovered complex temporal relationships between social presence and emotions. Our findings revealed that social presence was associated with increased immediate vigor and reduced dejection, followed by delayed fatigue. Bidirectional relationships emerged between social presence and negative mood, with peak effects occurring 3–4 h after initial contact. State-transition analyses demonstrated longer persistence of vigorous states compared to fatigued states, with social presence influencing these transitions. These results demonstrate how social-emotional processes unfold across multiple timescales, suggesting both immediate benefits and delayed costs of social presence. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1ff165f471964adaa57470bc168ad586 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2589-0042 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | iScience |
| spelling | doaj-art-1ff165f471964adaa57470bc168ad5862025-08-20T03:10:24ZengElsevieriScience2589-00422025-06-0128611272610.1016/j.isci.2025.112726Bluetooth-sensed social presence is associated with immediate vigor and delayed fatigue: A multi-method time series analysisDavid Willinger0Stefan Stieger1Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau 3500, Austria; Corresponding authorDepartment of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau 3500, AustriaSummary: Social interactions affect emotional well-being, yet their temporal dynamics remain understudied in natural settings. We examined these patterns through an experience sampling method study with 80 participants over two weeks (k = 3,716 assessments), combining Bluetooth device counts (n = 123,574) as a social presence proxy with self-reported emotional states. Using linear mixed-effects models, continuous-time structural equation models, and multi-state Markov analyses, we uncovered complex temporal relationships between social presence and emotions. Our findings revealed that social presence was associated with increased immediate vigor and reduced dejection, followed by delayed fatigue. Bidirectional relationships emerged between social presence and negative mood, with peak effects occurring 3–4 h after initial contact. State-transition analyses demonstrated longer persistence of vigorous states compared to fatigued states, with social presence influencing these transitions. These results demonstrate how social-emotional processes unfold across multiple timescales, suggesting both immediate benefits and delayed costs of social presence.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004225009873Social sciencesPsychologyResearch methodology social sciences |
| spellingShingle | David Willinger Stefan Stieger Bluetooth-sensed social presence is associated with immediate vigor and delayed fatigue: A multi-method time series analysis iScience Social sciences Psychology Research methodology social sciences |
| title | Bluetooth-sensed social presence is associated with immediate vigor and delayed fatigue: A multi-method time series analysis |
| title_full | Bluetooth-sensed social presence is associated with immediate vigor and delayed fatigue: A multi-method time series analysis |
| title_fullStr | Bluetooth-sensed social presence is associated with immediate vigor and delayed fatigue: A multi-method time series analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bluetooth-sensed social presence is associated with immediate vigor and delayed fatigue: A multi-method time series analysis |
| title_short | Bluetooth-sensed social presence is associated with immediate vigor and delayed fatigue: A multi-method time series analysis |
| title_sort | bluetooth sensed social presence is associated with immediate vigor and delayed fatigue a multi method time series analysis |
| topic | Social sciences Psychology Research methodology social sciences |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004225009873 |
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