The Association Between Periodontitis, Gingivitis, Tooth Loss and Stroke: An Umbrella Study with Meta-Analysis
Background: Cerebrovascular diseases (CVAs) have several risk factors that are categorized as modifiable and nonmodifiable. Periodontal diseases (PD) have a modifiable role in causing CVA, where several studies suggested direct or indirect correlations with systemic diseases. This study aims to summ...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Jad El Masri Ahmad Al Malak Diala El Masri Maya Ghazi Silva Al Boussi Yasmina El Masri Mohammad Hassoun Maryam Tlayss Pascale Salameh Hassan Hosseini |
| author_facet | Jad El Masri Ahmad Al Malak Diala El Masri Maya Ghazi Silva Al Boussi Yasmina El Masri Mohammad Hassoun Maryam Tlayss Pascale Salameh Hassan Hosseini |
| author_sort | Jad El Masri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Cerebrovascular diseases (CVAs) have several risk factors that are categorized as modifiable and nonmodifiable. Periodontal diseases (PD) have a modifiable role in causing CVA, where several studies suggested direct or indirect correlations with systemic diseases. This study aims to summarize, evaluate and analyze all the evidence available in literature, to reach a better understanding of the relation between periodontitis, gingivitis, tooth loss and CVA. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched for all meta-analyses assessing the effect of PD on CVA in accordance with Joanna Briggs Institute guidance for umbrella reviews in March 2024. Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) was used for quality assessment. Pooled analysis was performed to assess the effect of periodontitis, gingivitis and tooth loss on CVA, depending on the availability of data using Review Manager Version 5.2.11. Results: Seven of the identified meta-analyses were of high quality, and they were distributed in different countries. Periodontitis was generally associated with a significant increase in CVA risk (OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.70, 3.17, <i>p</i> < 0.00001 and RR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.15–1.29, <i>p</i> < 0.00001), same as tooth loss, but to a lower degree (0.78). However, the effect of gingivitis was insignificant in terms of CVA (RR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.12–1.56, <i>p</i> = 0.0008). Conclusions: This study confirms the effect of periodontitis and tooth loss on CVA, disregarding any significant role for gingivitis. The relation reached favors the suggested role of some inflammatory changes in the pathogenic pathway leading to atherosclerotic changes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1fd3d848baa048508c31998359c4d4e1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-1fd3d848baa048508c31998359c4d4e12025-01-24T13:25:39ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252024-12-011511010.3390/brainsci15010010The Association Between Periodontitis, Gingivitis, Tooth Loss and Stroke: An Umbrella Study with Meta-AnalysisJad El Masri0Ahmad Al Malak1Diala El Masri2Maya Ghazi3Silva Al Boussi4Yasmina El Masri5Mohammad Hassoun6Maryam Tlayss7Pascale Salameh8Hassan Hosseini9INSERM U955-E01, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Université Paris-Est Créteil, 94010 Créteil, FranceFaculty of Dental Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut 1153, LebanonNeuroscience Research Center (NRC), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut 1533, LebanonFaculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut 1533, LebanonDepartment of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107, LebanonFaculty of Dental Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut 1153, LebanonFaculty of Dental Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut 1153, LebanonFaculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Balamand, Koura 1100, LebanonINSPECT-LB (Institut National de Sant e Publique, d’Épidemiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut 1103, LebanonINSERM U955-E01, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Université Paris-Est Créteil, 94010 Créteil, FranceBackground: Cerebrovascular diseases (CVAs) have several risk factors that are categorized as modifiable and nonmodifiable. Periodontal diseases (PD) have a modifiable role in causing CVA, where several studies suggested direct or indirect correlations with systemic diseases. This study aims to summarize, evaluate and analyze all the evidence available in literature, to reach a better understanding of the relation between periodontitis, gingivitis, tooth loss and CVA. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched for all meta-analyses assessing the effect of PD on CVA in accordance with Joanna Briggs Institute guidance for umbrella reviews in March 2024. Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) was used for quality assessment. Pooled analysis was performed to assess the effect of periodontitis, gingivitis and tooth loss on CVA, depending on the availability of data using Review Manager Version 5.2.11. Results: Seven of the identified meta-analyses were of high quality, and they were distributed in different countries. Periodontitis was generally associated with a significant increase in CVA risk (OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.70, 3.17, <i>p</i> < 0.00001 and RR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.15–1.29, <i>p</i> < 0.00001), same as tooth loss, but to a lower degree (0.78). However, the effect of gingivitis was insignificant in terms of CVA (RR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.12–1.56, <i>p</i> = 0.0008). Conclusions: This study confirms the effect of periodontitis and tooth loss on CVA, disregarding any significant role for gingivitis. The relation reached favors the suggested role of some inflammatory changes in the pathogenic pathway leading to atherosclerotic changes.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/15/1/10cerebrovascular diseasesstrokeperiodontal diseasesperiodontitistooth loss |
| spellingShingle | Jad El Masri Ahmad Al Malak Diala El Masri Maya Ghazi Silva Al Boussi Yasmina El Masri Mohammad Hassoun Maryam Tlayss Pascale Salameh Hassan Hosseini The Association Between Periodontitis, Gingivitis, Tooth Loss and Stroke: An Umbrella Study with Meta-Analysis Brain Sciences cerebrovascular diseases stroke periodontal diseases periodontitis tooth loss |
| title | The Association Between Periodontitis, Gingivitis, Tooth Loss and Stroke: An Umbrella Study with Meta-Analysis |
| title_full | The Association Between Periodontitis, Gingivitis, Tooth Loss and Stroke: An Umbrella Study with Meta-Analysis |
| title_fullStr | The Association Between Periodontitis, Gingivitis, Tooth Loss and Stroke: An Umbrella Study with Meta-Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Association Between Periodontitis, Gingivitis, Tooth Loss and Stroke: An Umbrella Study with Meta-Analysis |
| title_short | The Association Between Periodontitis, Gingivitis, Tooth Loss and Stroke: An Umbrella Study with Meta-Analysis |
| title_sort | association between periodontitis gingivitis tooth loss and stroke an umbrella study with meta analysis |
| topic | cerebrovascular diseases stroke periodontal diseases periodontitis tooth loss |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/15/1/10 |
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