Physicochemical Properties and Volatile Profile of Chito: A Traditional Dry-Cured Goat Meat Product

Two types of chito were evaluated: non-pressed (NP, immediate consumption) and pressed (P, for sale). The characteristics were analysed in samples of three years (2021–2023). The pH, water activity (a<sub>w</sub>), proximate composition, heme iron, sodium chloride (NaCl), water soluble n...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Luz Hermila Villalobos-Delgado, Yaneisy Y. Martínez-Martínez, Guadalupe Virginia Nevárez-Moorillón, Joaquín T. Santiago-Castro, Sergio Soto-Simental, Carlos Ignacio Juárez-Palomo, Paula Cecilia Guadarrama-Mendoza
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Foods
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/13/2341
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849704605804396544
author Luz Hermila Villalobos-Delgado
Yaneisy Y. Martínez-Martínez
Guadalupe Virginia Nevárez-Moorillón
Joaquín T. Santiago-Castro
Sergio Soto-Simental
Carlos Ignacio Juárez-Palomo
Paula Cecilia Guadarrama-Mendoza
author_facet Luz Hermila Villalobos-Delgado
Yaneisy Y. Martínez-Martínez
Guadalupe Virginia Nevárez-Moorillón
Joaquín T. Santiago-Castro
Sergio Soto-Simental
Carlos Ignacio Juárez-Palomo
Paula Cecilia Guadarrama-Mendoza
author_sort Luz Hermila Villalobos-Delgado
collection DOAJ
description Two types of chito were evaluated: non-pressed (NP, immediate consumption) and pressed (P, for sale). The characteristics were analysed in samples of three years (2021–2023). The pH, water activity (a<sub>w</sub>), proximate composition, heme iron, sodium chloride (NaCl), water soluble nitrogen (WSN), color, metmyoglobin (MMb), texture, lipid oxidation (Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS), and microbiological analysis were evaluated, while volatile compounds were identified in NP and P. The a<sub>w</sub> value showed a mean value of 0.70 in NP and P, values reported for typical commercial dried meat samples. However, P showed higher pH values (5.65–5.75), as well as a high level of fat (6.44–15.03%), NaCl (10.93–11.21%), lipid oxidation (3.88–6.32 mg MDA/kg meat), and hardness (223.67–574.01 N), with a browner color than NP, whereas microbial counts were similar between NP and P. Typical breakdown products derived from lipid oxidation were the main volatile compounds detected in chito, with aldehydes and alcohols being the most detected in P. The results suggest that some of the physicochemical characteristics, as well as the volatile profile, showed some differences between both types of chito, which suggests that there was a variation in the meat product associated with the making processes.
format Article
id doaj-art-1f8da2a8c0a240fe9ea607d6715973a5
institution DOAJ
issn 2304-8158
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Foods
spelling doaj-art-1f8da2a8c0a240fe9ea607d6715973a52025-08-20T03:16:42ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-07-011413234110.3390/foods14132341Physicochemical Properties and Volatile Profile of Chito: A Traditional Dry-Cured Goat Meat ProductLuz Hermila Villalobos-Delgado0Yaneisy Y. Martínez-Martínez1Guadalupe Virginia Nevárez-Moorillón2Joaquín T. Santiago-Castro3Sergio Soto-Simental4Carlos Ignacio Juárez-Palomo5Paula Cecilia Guadarrama-Mendoza6Instituto de Agroindustrias, Universidad Tecnológica de la Mixteca, Av. Dr. Modesto Seara Vázquez No. 1. Acatlima, Heroica Ciudad de Huajuapan de León 69004, Oaxaca, MexicoInstituto de Agroindustrias, Universidad Tecnológica de la Mixteca, Av. Dr. Modesto Seara Vázquez No. 1. Acatlima, Heroica Ciudad de Huajuapan de León 69004, Oaxaca, MexicoFacultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario s/n, Campus II, Chihuahua 31125, Chihuahua, MexicoInstituto de Agroindustrias, Universidad Tecnológica de la Mixteca, Av. Dr. Modesto Seara Vázquez No. 1. Acatlima, Heroica Ciudad de Huajuapan de León 69004, Oaxaca, MexicoInstituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ave. Universidad s/n Km 1, Ex Hacienda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo 43600, Hidalgo, MexicoCentro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato León, Irapuato 368241, Guanajuato, MexicoInstituto de Agroindustrias, Universidad Tecnológica de la Mixteca, Av. Dr. Modesto Seara Vázquez No. 1. Acatlima, Heroica Ciudad de Huajuapan de León 69004, Oaxaca, MexicoTwo types of chito were evaluated: non-pressed (NP, immediate consumption) and pressed (P, for sale). The characteristics were analysed in samples of three years (2021–2023). The pH, water activity (a<sub>w</sub>), proximate composition, heme iron, sodium chloride (NaCl), water soluble nitrogen (WSN), color, metmyoglobin (MMb), texture, lipid oxidation (Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS), and microbiological analysis were evaluated, while volatile compounds were identified in NP and P. The a<sub>w</sub> value showed a mean value of 0.70 in NP and P, values reported for typical commercial dried meat samples. However, P showed higher pH values (5.65–5.75), as well as a high level of fat (6.44–15.03%), NaCl (10.93–11.21%), lipid oxidation (3.88–6.32 mg MDA/kg meat), and hardness (223.67–574.01 N), with a browner color than NP, whereas microbial counts were similar between NP and P. Typical breakdown products derived from lipid oxidation were the main volatile compounds detected in chito, with aldehydes and alcohols being the most detected in P. The results suggest that some of the physicochemical characteristics, as well as the volatile profile, showed some differences between both types of chito, which suggests that there was a variation in the meat product associated with the making processes.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/13/2341chitogoatruminant meatdry-cured meat productsTBARSvolatile compounds
spellingShingle Luz Hermila Villalobos-Delgado
Yaneisy Y. Martínez-Martínez
Guadalupe Virginia Nevárez-Moorillón
Joaquín T. Santiago-Castro
Sergio Soto-Simental
Carlos Ignacio Juárez-Palomo
Paula Cecilia Guadarrama-Mendoza
Physicochemical Properties and Volatile Profile of Chito: A Traditional Dry-Cured Goat Meat Product
Foods
chito
goat
ruminant meat
dry-cured meat products
TBARS
volatile compounds
title Physicochemical Properties and Volatile Profile of Chito: A Traditional Dry-Cured Goat Meat Product
title_full Physicochemical Properties and Volatile Profile of Chito: A Traditional Dry-Cured Goat Meat Product
title_fullStr Physicochemical Properties and Volatile Profile of Chito: A Traditional Dry-Cured Goat Meat Product
title_full_unstemmed Physicochemical Properties and Volatile Profile of Chito: A Traditional Dry-Cured Goat Meat Product
title_short Physicochemical Properties and Volatile Profile of Chito: A Traditional Dry-Cured Goat Meat Product
title_sort physicochemical properties and volatile profile of chito a traditional dry cured goat meat product
topic chito
goat
ruminant meat
dry-cured meat products
TBARS
volatile compounds
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/13/2341
work_keys_str_mv AT luzhermilavillalobosdelgado physicochemicalpropertiesandvolatileprofileofchitoatraditionaldrycuredgoatmeatproduct
AT yaneisyymartinezmartinez physicochemicalpropertiesandvolatileprofileofchitoatraditionaldrycuredgoatmeatproduct
AT guadalupevirginianevarezmoorillon physicochemicalpropertiesandvolatileprofileofchitoatraditionaldrycuredgoatmeatproduct
AT joaquintsantiagocastro physicochemicalpropertiesandvolatileprofileofchitoatraditionaldrycuredgoatmeatproduct
AT sergiosotosimental physicochemicalpropertiesandvolatileprofileofchitoatraditionaldrycuredgoatmeatproduct
AT carlosignaciojuarezpalomo physicochemicalpropertiesandvolatileprofileofchitoatraditionaldrycuredgoatmeatproduct
AT paulaceciliaguadarramamendoza physicochemicalpropertiesandvolatileprofileofchitoatraditionaldrycuredgoatmeatproduct