Statistical modeling of mutagenic azo dye adsorption on bagasse activated carbon

Abstract The current study investigates the development and characterization of sustainable activated carbons (ACs) via chemo-thermal activation from the hull and core of sugarcane bagasse as a viable and renewable substitute for commercial ACs. Characterize ACs using XRD, FTIR, SEM, etc. The sorpti...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Basma M. Ismail, Ahmed M. Zayed, Mahmoud A. Roshdy, Mohamed Abdel Rafea, Fathy M. Mohamed
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-06-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04240-9
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849329524159807488
author Basma M. Ismail
Ahmed M. Zayed
Mahmoud A. Roshdy
Mohamed Abdel Rafea
Fathy M. Mohamed
author_facet Basma M. Ismail
Ahmed M. Zayed
Mahmoud A. Roshdy
Mohamed Abdel Rafea
Fathy M. Mohamed
author_sort Basma M. Ismail
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The current study investigates the development and characterization of sustainable activated carbons (ACs) via chemo-thermal activation from the hull and core of sugarcane bagasse as a viable and renewable substitute for commercial ACs. Characterize ACs using XRD, FTIR, SEM, etc. The sorption kinetics of methylene blue (MB) onto AC(H) were well described by a pseudo-second-order model. Also, the controlling step in the MB sorption process was related to several intervening diffusion sorts, including intra-particle ones. The MB equilibrium data were also analyzed using linear and non-linear forms of Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms, revealing a better fit of Langmuir, with R2 values > 0.97 in both modes. With adsorption capacities (qmax = 357.14 and 389.4 mg/g) in linear and non-linear modes, orderly. The activation energy (EDR) of 550.8 and 2500 J/mol in non-linear and linear further supports the dominance of chemisorption, implying the formation of chemical bonds between the MB and the functional groups present in the sorbent material. The spontaneous and exothermic nature of the MB sorption process at 291–323 K was confirmed by the thermodynamic parameters ΔH°, ΔS°, and ΔG°. The design expert program suggested 17 numerical possibilities for the maximum dye removal at the 99% desirability level using ANOVA within the experimental parameter range. The total cost of producing 1.0 g of AC(H) is estimated at 0.041 USD. These findings underscore the potential of AC(H) as a highly efficient adsorbent for MB removal, positioning it as a strong candidate for wastewater treatment applications.
format Article
id doaj-art-1f7c7c58dc3d46bfa83693174dde72e8
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-1f7c7c58dc3d46bfa83693174dde72e82025-08-20T03:47:14ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-06-0115112110.1038/s41598-025-04240-9Statistical modeling of mutagenic azo dye adsorption on bagasse activated carbonBasma M. Ismail0Ahmed M. Zayed1Mahmoud A. Roshdy2Mohamed Abdel Rafea3Fathy M. Mohamed4Water and Environment Department, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Beni-Suef UniversityApplied Mineralogy and Water Research Lab, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef UniversityWater and Environment Department, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Beni-Suef UniversityDepartment of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU)Water and Environment Department, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Beni-Suef UniversityAbstract The current study investigates the development and characterization of sustainable activated carbons (ACs) via chemo-thermal activation from the hull and core of sugarcane bagasse as a viable and renewable substitute for commercial ACs. Characterize ACs using XRD, FTIR, SEM, etc. The sorption kinetics of methylene blue (MB) onto AC(H) were well described by a pseudo-second-order model. Also, the controlling step in the MB sorption process was related to several intervening diffusion sorts, including intra-particle ones. The MB equilibrium data were also analyzed using linear and non-linear forms of Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms, revealing a better fit of Langmuir, with R2 values > 0.97 in both modes. With adsorption capacities (qmax = 357.14 and 389.4 mg/g) in linear and non-linear modes, orderly. The activation energy (EDR) of 550.8 and 2500 J/mol in non-linear and linear further supports the dominance of chemisorption, implying the formation of chemical bonds between the MB and the functional groups present in the sorbent material. The spontaneous and exothermic nature of the MB sorption process at 291–323 K was confirmed by the thermodynamic parameters ΔH°, ΔS°, and ΔG°. The design expert program suggested 17 numerical possibilities for the maximum dye removal at the 99% desirability level using ANOVA within the experimental parameter range. The total cost of producing 1.0 g of AC(H) is estimated at 0.041 USD. These findings underscore the potential of AC(H) as a highly efficient adsorbent for MB removal, positioning it as a strong candidate for wastewater treatment applications.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04240-9Agro-residueActivated charcoalMetal-complex dyesRemovalStatistical tools
spellingShingle Basma M. Ismail
Ahmed M. Zayed
Mahmoud A. Roshdy
Mohamed Abdel Rafea
Fathy M. Mohamed
Statistical modeling of mutagenic azo dye adsorption on bagasse activated carbon
Scientific Reports
Agro-residue
Activated charcoal
Metal-complex dyes
Removal
Statistical tools
title Statistical modeling of mutagenic azo dye adsorption on bagasse activated carbon
title_full Statistical modeling of mutagenic azo dye adsorption on bagasse activated carbon
title_fullStr Statistical modeling of mutagenic azo dye adsorption on bagasse activated carbon
title_full_unstemmed Statistical modeling of mutagenic azo dye adsorption on bagasse activated carbon
title_short Statistical modeling of mutagenic azo dye adsorption on bagasse activated carbon
title_sort statistical modeling of mutagenic azo dye adsorption on bagasse activated carbon
topic Agro-residue
Activated charcoal
Metal-complex dyes
Removal
Statistical tools
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04240-9
work_keys_str_mv AT basmamismail statisticalmodelingofmutagenicazodyeadsorptiononbagasseactivatedcarbon
AT ahmedmzayed statisticalmodelingofmutagenicazodyeadsorptiononbagasseactivatedcarbon
AT mahmoudaroshdy statisticalmodelingofmutagenicazodyeadsorptiononbagasseactivatedcarbon
AT mohamedabdelrafea statisticalmodelingofmutagenicazodyeadsorptiononbagasseactivatedcarbon
AT fathymmohamed statisticalmodelingofmutagenicazodyeadsorptiononbagasseactivatedcarbon