Whole-genome probe capture sequencing reveals genomic diversity and characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Nanjing, China

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae), a slow-growing, fastidious Gram-negative bacterium and a leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia globally, remains understudied and underreported across numerous geographical areas in China despite its worldwide significance. This study employed probe cap...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Guilan Zhou, Yan Yu, Teng Ge, Chenyu Tang, Hongbo Zhang, Min He
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Microbiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1589971/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849321604732944384
author Guilan Zhou
Guilan Zhou
Yan Yu
Yan Yu
Teng Ge
Teng Ge
Chenyu Tang
Chenyu Tang
Hongbo Zhang
Hongbo Zhang
Min He
Min He
author_facet Guilan Zhou
Guilan Zhou
Yan Yu
Yan Yu
Teng Ge
Teng Ge
Chenyu Tang
Chenyu Tang
Hongbo Zhang
Hongbo Zhang
Min He
Min He
author_sort Guilan Zhou
collection DOAJ
description Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae), a slow-growing, fastidious Gram-negative bacterium and a leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia globally, remains understudied and underreported across numerous geographical areas in China despite its worldwide significance. This study employed probe capture sequencing for targeted enrichment and direct sequencing of M. pneumoniae from clinical samples, combined with comparative genomic analyses of contemporary and historical global genomes. Core genome and pan-genome revealed that the M. pneumoniae genomes were classified into two distinct clades, P1-I and P1-II, each associated with a specific sequence type (ST). Most of the genomes sequenced in this study were identified as P1-I (86.96%, 20/23), contrasting with the previously reported predominance of P1-II in the area. A limited number of single-nucleotide variations were identified in the virulence-associated genes between P1-I and P1-II, leading to amino acid substitutions. The A2063G point mutation in the 23S rRNA gene was detected in all sequenced genomes (23/23), demonstrating a 100% mutation rate. This study provides the first reported application of probe capture methodology for M. pneumoniae, highlighting the critical importance of sustained surveillance efforts to monitor the evolution and epidemiology of this pathogen.
format Article
id doaj-art-1f4df22a4ad6405dbd89da45ae31844c
institution Kabale University
issn 1664-302X
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Microbiology
spelling doaj-art-1f4df22a4ad6405dbd89da45ae31844c2025-08-20T03:49:42ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2025-05-011610.3389/fmicb.2025.15899711589971Whole-genome probe capture sequencing reveals genomic diversity and characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Nanjing, ChinaGuilan Zhou0Guilan Zhou1Yan Yu2Yan Yu3Teng Ge4Teng Ge5Chenyu Tang6Chenyu Tang7Hongbo Zhang8Hongbo Zhang9Min He10Min He11Nanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaNanjing Municipal Key Laboratory for Public Health Laboratory Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaNanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaNanjing Municipal Key Laboratory for Public Health Laboratory Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaNanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaNanjing Municipal Key Laboratory for Public Health Laboratory Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaNanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaNanjing Municipal Key Laboratory for Public Health Laboratory Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaNanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaNanjing Municipal Key Laboratory for Public Health Laboratory Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaNanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaNanjing Municipal Key Laboratory for Public Health Laboratory Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaMycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae), a slow-growing, fastidious Gram-negative bacterium and a leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia globally, remains understudied and underreported across numerous geographical areas in China despite its worldwide significance. This study employed probe capture sequencing for targeted enrichment and direct sequencing of M. pneumoniae from clinical samples, combined with comparative genomic analyses of contemporary and historical global genomes. Core genome and pan-genome revealed that the M. pneumoniae genomes were classified into two distinct clades, P1-I and P1-II, each associated with a specific sequence type (ST). Most of the genomes sequenced in this study were identified as P1-I (86.96%, 20/23), contrasting with the previously reported predominance of P1-II in the area. A limited number of single-nucleotide variations were identified in the virulence-associated genes between P1-I and P1-II, leading to amino acid substitutions. The A2063G point mutation in the 23S rRNA gene was detected in all sequenced genomes (23/23), demonstrating a 100% mutation rate. This study provides the first reported application of probe capture methodology for M. pneumoniae, highlighting the critical importance of sustained surveillance efforts to monitor the evolution and epidemiology of this pathogen.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1589971/fullMycoplasma pneumoniaeprobe capture sequencinggenomic characteristicsP1 genotype23S rRNA gene
spellingShingle Guilan Zhou
Guilan Zhou
Yan Yu
Yan Yu
Teng Ge
Teng Ge
Chenyu Tang
Chenyu Tang
Hongbo Zhang
Hongbo Zhang
Min He
Min He
Whole-genome probe capture sequencing reveals genomic diversity and characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Nanjing, China
Frontiers in Microbiology
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
probe capture sequencing
genomic characteristics
P1 genotype
23S rRNA gene
title Whole-genome probe capture sequencing reveals genomic diversity and characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Nanjing, China
title_full Whole-genome probe capture sequencing reveals genomic diversity and characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Nanjing, China
title_fullStr Whole-genome probe capture sequencing reveals genomic diversity and characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Nanjing, China
title_full_unstemmed Whole-genome probe capture sequencing reveals genomic diversity and characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Nanjing, China
title_short Whole-genome probe capture sequencing reveals genomic diversity and characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Nanjing, China
title_sort whole genome probe capture sequencing reveals genomic diversity and characteristics of mycoplasma pneumoniae in nanjing china
topic Mycoplasma pneumoniae
probe capture sequencing
genomic characteristics
P1 genotype
23S rRNA gene
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1589971/full
work_keys_str_mv AT guilanzhou wholegenomeprobecapturesequencingrevealsgenomicdiversityandcharacteristicsofmycoplasmapneumoniaeinnanjingchina
AT guilanzhou wholegenomeprobecapturesequencingrevealsgenomicdiversityandcharacteristicsofmycoplasmapneumoniaeinnanjingchina
AT yanyu wholegenomeprobecapturesequencingrevealsgenomicdiversityandcharacteristicsofmycoplasmapneumoniaeinnanjingchina
AT yanyu wholegenomeprobecapturesequencingrevealsgenomicdiversityandcharacteristicsofmycoplasmapneumoniaeinnanjingchina
AT tengge wholegenomeprobecapturesequencingrevealsgenomicdiversityandcharacteristicsofmycoplasmapneumoniaeinnanjingchina
AT tengge wholegenomeprobecapturesequencingrevealsgenomicdiversityandcharacteristicsofmycoplasmapneumoniaeinnanjingchina
AT chenyutang wholegenomeprobecapturesequencingrevealsgenomicdiversityandcharacteristicsofmycoplasmapneumoniaeinnanjingchina
AT chenyutang wholegenomeprobecapturesequencingrevealsgenomicdiversityandcharacteristicsofmycoplasmapneumoniaeinnanjingchina
AT hongbozhang wholegenomeprobecapturesequencingrevealsgenomicdiversityandcharacteristicsofmycoplasmapneumoniaeinnanjingchina
AT hongbozhang wholegenomeprobecapturesequencingrevealsgenomicdiversityandcharacteristicsofmycoplasmapneumoniaeinnanjingchina
AT minhe wholegenomeprobecapturesequencingrevealsgenomicdiversityandcharacteristicsofmycoplasmapneumoniaeinnanjingchina
AT minhe wholegenomeprobecapturesequencingrevealsgenomicdiversityandcharacteristicsofmycoplasmapneumoniaeinnanjingchina