High-Precision Chip Detection Using YOLO-Based Methods

Machining chips are directly related to both the machining quality and tool condition. However, detecting chips from images in industrial settings poses challenges in terms of model accuracy and computational speed. We firstly present a novel framework called GM-YOLOv11-DNMS to track the chips, foll...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ruofei Liu, Junjiang Zhu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Algorithms
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/18/7/448
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850067388180987904
author Ruofei Liu
Junjiang Zhu
author_facet Ruofei Liu
Junjiang Zhu
author_sort Ruofei Liu
collection DOAJ
description Machining chips are directly related to both the machining quality and tool condition. However, detecting chips from images in industrial settings poses challenges in terms of model accuracy and computational speed. We firstly present a novel framework called GM-YOLOv11-DNMS to track the chips, followed by a video-level post-processing algorithm for chip counting in videos. GM-YOLOv11-DNMS has two main improvements: (1) it replaces the CNN layers with a ghost module in YOLOv11n, significantly reducing the computational cost while maintaining the detection performance, and (2) it uses a new dynamic non-maximum suppression (DNMS) method, which dynamically adjusts the thresholds to improve the detection accuracy. The post-processing method uses a trigger signal from rising edges to improve chip counting in video streams. Experimental results show that the ghost module reduces the FLOPs from 6.48 G to 5.72 G compared to YOLOv11n, with a negligible accuracy loss, while the DNMS algorithm improves the debris detection precision across different YOLO versions. The proposed framework achieves precision, recall, and mAP@0.5 values of 97.04%, 96.38%, and 95.56%, respectively, in image-based detection tasks. In video-based experiments, the proposed video-level post-processing algorithm combined with GM-YOLOv11-DNMS achieves crack–debris counting accuracy of 90.14%. This lightweight and efficient approach is particularly effective in detecting small-scale objects within images and accurately analyzing dynamic debris in video sequences, providing a robust solution for automated debris monitoring in machine tool processing applications.
format Article
id doaj-art-1f0dd20788074be48eeb394d29cced18
institution DOAJ
issn 1999-4893
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Algorithms
spelling doaj-art-1f0dd20788074be48eeb394d29cced182025-08-20T02:48:19ZengMDPI AGAlgorithms1999-48932025-07-0118744810.3390/a18070448High-Precision Chip Detection Using YOLO-Based MethodsRuofei Liu0Junjiang Zhu1Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, ChinaCollege of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaMachining chips are directly related to both the machining quality and tool condition. However, detecting chips from images in industrial settings poses challenges in terms of model accuracy and computational speed. We firstly present a novel framework called GM-YOLOv11-DNMS to track the chips, followed by a video-level post-processing algorithm for chip counting in videos. GM-YOLOv11-DNMS has two main improvements: (1) it replaces the CNN layers with a ghost module in YOLOv11n, significantly reducing the computational cost while maintaining the detection performance, and (2) it uses a new dynamic non-maximum suppression (DNMS) method, which dynamically adjusts the thresholds to improve the detection accuracy. The post-processing method uses a trigger signal from rising edges to improve chip counting in video streams. Experimental results show that the ghost module reduces the FLOPs from 6.48 G to 5.72 G compared to YOLOv11n, with a negligible accuracy loss, while the DNMS algorithm improves the debris detection precision across different YOLO versions. The proposed framework achieves precision, recall, and mAP@0.5 values of 97.04%, 96.38%, and 95.56%, respectively, in image-based detection tasks. In video-based experiments, the proposed video-level post-processing algorithm combined with GM-YOLOv11-DNMS achieves crack–debris counting accuracy of 90.14%. This lightweight and efficient approach is particularly effective in detecting small-scale objects within images and accurately analyzing dynamic debris in video sequences, providing a robust solution for automated debris monitoring in machine tool processing applications.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/18/7/448ghost moduleYOLOv11DNMSchip detectionvideo
spellingShingle Ruofei Liu
Junjiang Zhu
High-Precision Chip Detection Using YOLO-Based Methods
Algorithms
ghost module
YOLOv11
DNMS
chip detection
video
title High-Precision Chip Detection Using YOLO-Based Methods
title_full High-Precision Chip Detection Using YOLO-Based Methods
title_fullStr High-Precision Chip Detection Using YOLO-Based Methods
title_full_unstemmed High-Precision Chip Detection Using YOLO-Based Methods
title_short High-Precision Chip Detection Using YOLO-Based Methods
title_sort high precision chip detection using yolo based methods
topic ghost module
YOLOv11
DNMS
chip detection
video
url https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/18/7/448
work_keys_str_mv AT ruofeiliu highprecisionchipdetectionusingyolobasedmethods
AT junjiangzhu highprecisionchipdetectionusingyolobasedmethods