Plasmon mode engineering with electrons on helium

Abstract An ensemble of electrons trapped above superfluid helium offers a paradigm system for investigating and controlling collective charge dynamics in low-dimensional electronic matter. Of particular interest is the ability to spatially control and engineer surface plasmons for integration with...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Camille A. Mikolas, Niyaz R. Beysengulov, Austin J. Schleusner, David G. Rees, Camryn Undershute, Johannes Pollanen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60305-3
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849687931671805952
author Camille A. Mikolas
Niyaz R. Beysengulov
Austin J. Schleusner
David G. Rees
Camryn Undershute
Johannes Pollanen
author_facet Camille A. Mikolas
Niyaz R. Beysengulov
Austin J. Schleusner
David G. Rees
Camryn Undershute
Johannes Pollanen
author_sort Camille A. Mikolas
collection DOAJ
description Abstract An ensemble of electrons trapped above superfluid helium offers a paradigm system for investigating and controlling collective charge dynamics in low-dimensional electronic matter. Of particular interest is the ability to spatially control and engineer surface plasmons for integration with hybrid quantum systems and circuit quantum electrodynamic device architectures. Here we present experiments using an electron-on-helium microchannel device that hosts microwave-frequency plasmons, generated via local microwave excitation in an electrostatically defined central channel. By precisely varying the electron density, we demonstrate tunability of plasmon mode frequencies over several GHz. Additionally, we find that the power dependence of these modes can be used to investigate both homogeneous and inhomogeneous sources of spectral broadening. These results demonstrate the versatility of electrons on helium for probing collective excitations in low-dimensional Coulomb liquids and solids, and demonstrate a path for integrating engineered plasmons in electrons on helium with hybrid circuit quantum electrodynamic systems.
format Article
id doaj-art-1f053fd9903c4c55bbf0aeea1a35aa35
institution DOAJ
issn 2041-1723
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Nature Communications
spelling doaj-art-1f053fd9903c4c55bbf0aeea1a35aa352025-08-20T03:22:12ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-05-011611810.1038/s41467-025-60305-3Plasmon mode engineering with electrons on heliumCamille A. Mikolas0Niyaz R. Beysengulov1Austin J. Schleusner2David G. Rees3Camryn Undershute4Johannes Pollanen5Department of Physics & Astronomy, Michigan State UniversityDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, Michigan State UniversityDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, Michigan State UniversityEeroQ CorporationDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, Michigan State UniversityDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, Michigan State UniversityAbstract An ensemble of electrons trapped above superfluid helium offers a paradigm system for investigating and controlling collective charge dynamics in low-dimensional electronic matter. Of particular interest is the ability to spatially control and engineer surface plasmons for integration with hybrid quantum systems and circuit quantum electrodynamic device architectures. Here we present experiments using an electron-on-helium microchannel device that hosts microwave-frequency plasmons, generated via local microwave excitation in an electrostatically defined central channel. By precisely varying the electron density, we demonstrate tunability of plasmon mode frequencies over several GHz. Additionally, we find that the power dependence of these modes can be used to investigate both homogeneous and inhomogeneous sources of spectral broadening. These results demonstrate the versatility of electrons on helium for probing collective excitations in low-dimensional Coulomb liquids and solids, and demonstrate a path for integrating engineered plasmons in electrons on helium with hybrid circuit quantum electrodynamic systems.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60305-3
spellingShingle Camille A. Mikolas
Niyaz R. Beysengulov
Austin J. Schleusner
David G. Rees
Camryn Undershute
Johannes Pollanen
Plasmon mode engineering with electrons on helium
Nature Communications
title Plasmon mode engineering with electrons on helium
title_full Plasmon mode engineering with electrons on helium
title_fullStr Plasmon mode engineering with electrons on helium
title_full_unstemmed Plasmon mode engineering with electrons on helium
title_short Plasmon mode engineering with electrons on helium
title_sort plasmon mode engineering with electrons on helium
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60305-3
work_keys_str_mv AT camilleamikolas plasmonmodeengineeringwithelectronsonhelium
AT niyazrbeysengulov plasmonmodeengineeringwithelectronsonhelium
AT austinjschleusner plasmonmodeengineeringwithelectronsonhelium
AT davidgrees plasmonmodeengineeringwithelectronsonhelium
AT camrynundershute plasmonmodeengineeringwithelectronsonhelium
AT johannespollanen plasmonmodeengineeringwithelectronsonhelium