Plasmon mode engineering with electrons on helium
Abstract An ensemble of electrons trapped above superfluid helium offers a paradigm system for investigating and controlling collective charge dynamics in low-dimensional electronic matter. Of particular interest is the ability to spatially control and engineer surface plasmons for integration with...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Nature Communications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60305-3 |
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| _version_ | 1849687931671805952 |
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| author | Camille A. Mikolas Niyaz R. Beysengulov Austin J. Schleusner David G. Rees Camryn Undershute Johannes Pollanen |
| author_facet | Camille A. Mikolas Niyaz R. Beysengulov Austin J. Schleusner David G. Rees Camryn Undershute Johannes Pollanen |
| author_sort | Camille A. Mikolas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract An ensemble of electrons trapped above superfluid helium offers a paradigm system for investigating and controlling collective charge dynamics in low-dimensional electronic matter. Of particular interest is the ability to spatially control and engineer surface plasmons for integration with hybrid quantum systems and circuit quantum electrodynamic device architectures. Here we present experiments using an electron-on-helium microchannel device that hosts microwave-frequency plasmons, generated via local microwave excitation in an electrostatically defined central channel. By precisely varying the electron density, we demonstrate tunability of plasmon mode frequencies over several GHz. Additionally, we find that the power dependence of these modes can be used to investigate both homogeneous and inhomogeneous sources of spectral broadening. These results demonstrate the versatility of electrons on helium for probing collective excitations in low-dimensional Coulomb liquids and solids, and demonstrate a path for integrating engineered plasmons in electrons on helium with hybrid circuit quantum electrodynamic systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1f053fd9903c4c55bbf0aeea1a35aa35 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2041-1723 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nature Communications |
| spelling | doaj-art-1f053fd9903c4c55bbf0aeea1a35aa352025-08-20T03:22:12ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-05-011611810.1038/s41467-025-60305-3Plasmon mode engineering with electrons on heliumCamille A. Mikolas0Niyaz R. Beysengulov1Austin J. Schleusner2David G. Rees3Camryn Undershute4Johannes Pollanen5Department of Physics & Astronomy, Michigan State UniversityDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, Michigan State UniversityDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, Michigan State UniversityEeroQ CorporationDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, Michigan State UniversityDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, Michigan State UniversityAbstract An ensemble of electrons trapped above superfluid helium offers a paradigm system for investigating and controlling collective charge dynamics in low-dimensional electronic matter. Of particular interest is the ability to spatially control and engineer surface plasmons for integration with hybrid quantum systems and circuit quantum electrodynamic device architectures. Here we present experiments using an electron-on-helium microchannel device that hosts microwave-frequency plasmons, generated via local microwave excitation in an electrostatically defined central channel. By precisely varying the electron density, we demonstrate tunability of plasmon mode frequencies over several GHz. Additionally, we find that the power dependence of these modes can be used to investigate both homogeneous and inhomogeneous sources of spectral broadening. These results demonstrate the versatility of electrons on helium for probing collective excitations in low-dimensional Coulomb liquids and solids, and demonstrate a path for integrating engineered plasmons in electrons on helium with hybrid circuit quantum electrodynamic systems.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60305-3 |
| spellingShingle | Camille A. Mikolas Niyaz R. Beysengulov Austin J. Schleusner David G. Rees Camryn Undershute Johannes Pollanen Plasmon mode engineering with electrons on helium Nature Communications |
| title | Plasmon mode engineering with electrons on helium |
| title_full | Plasmon mode engineering with electrons on helium |
| title_fullStr | Plasmon mode engineering with electrons on helium |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plasmon mode engineering with electrons on helium |
| title_short | Plasmon mode engineering with electrons on helium |
| title_sort | plasmon mode engineering with electrons on helium |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60305-3 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT camilleamikolas plasmonmodeengineeringwithelectronsonhelium AT niyazrbeysengulov plasmonmodeengineeringwithelectronsonhelium AT austinjschleusner plasmonmodeengineeringwithelectronsonhelium AT davidgrees plasmonmodeengineeringwithelectronsonhelium AT camrynundershute plasmonmodeengineeringwithelectronsonhelium AT johannespollanen plasmonmodeengineeringwithelectronsonhelium |