Drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction presenting as systemic capillary leak-like syndrome with polyserositis: a case report
Abstract Background Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) is a rare disorder characterized by increased vascular permeability leading to third-spacing of fluids and protein. Drug-induced hypersensitivity reactions can mimic SCLS clinically and radiologically. Case presentation A 42-year-old Vietna...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2025-07-01
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| Series: | BMC Rheumatology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41927-025-00535-6 |
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| author | Ninh Xuan Nguyen Ngoc Tien Pham Huong Thi Thanh Le Quoc Viet Tran Hang Ngoc Thuy Tran An Thien Do |
| author_facet | Ninh Xuan Nguyen Ngoc Tien Pham Huong Thi Thanh Le Quoc Viet Tran Hang Ngoc Thuy Tran An Thien Do |
| author_sort | Ninh Xuan Nguyen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) is a rare disorder characterized by increased vascular permeability leading to third-spacing of fluids and protein. Drug-induced hypersensitivity reactions can mimic SCLS clinically and radiologically. Case presentation A 42-year-old Vietnamese man developed abdominal distension, facial edema, and dyspnea after initiation of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. Imaging revealed pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal effusions, periportal edema, and interstitial pulmonary edema. Laboratory results showed hyponatremia, hypoalbuminemia, and mild anemia. Autoimmune screening revealed ANA positivity (1:80, speckled) and lupus anticoagulant, though extractable nuclear antigens were negative. The patient improved rapidly with corticosteroids and antihistamines. Conclusion This case suggests a probable drug-induced systemic hypersensitivity reaction mimicking capillary leak syndrome, occurring in a patient with latent immune dysregulation. Awareness of this presentation may facilitate early recognition and appropriate immunomodulatory treatment while avoiding unnecessary interventions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1efe3515cc9d440c8e7a4cd48c4f340f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2520-1026 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Rheumatology |
| spelling | doaj-art-1efe3515cc9d440c8e7a4cd48c4f340f2025-08-20T04:01:43ZengBMCBMC Rheumatology2520-10262025-07-01911610.1186/s41927-025-00535-6Drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction presenting as systemic capillary leak-like syndrome with polyserositis: a case reportNinh Xuan Nguyen0Ngoc Tien Pham1Huong Thi Thanh Le2Quoc Viet Tran3Hang Ngoc Thuy Tran4An Thien Do5Emergency Department, Vinmec Central Park International HospitalEmergency Department, Vinmec Central Park International HospitalEmergency Department, Vinmec Central Park International HospitalEmergency Department, Vinmec Central Park International HospitalEmergency Department, Vinmec Central Park International HospitalDepartment of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Vinmec Central Park International HospitalAbstract Background Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) is a rare disorder characterized by increased vascular permeability leading to third-spacing of fluids and protein. Drug-induced hypersensitivity reactions can mimic SCLS clinically and radiologically. Case presentation A 42-year-old Vietnamese man developed abdominal distension, facial edema, and dyspnea after initiation of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. Imaging revealed pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal effusions, periportal edema, and interstitial pulmonary edema. Laboratory results showed hyponatremia, hypoalbuminemia, and mild anemia. Autoimmune screening revealed ANA positivity (1:80, speckled) and lupus anticoagulant, though extractable nuclear antigens were negative. The patient improved rapidly with corticosteroids and antihistamines. Conclusion This case suggests a probable drug-induced systemic hypersensitivity reaction mimicking capillary leak syndrome, occurring in a patient with latent immune dysregulation. Awareness of this presentation may facilitate early recognition and appropriate immunomodulatory treatment while avoiding unnecessary interventions.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41927-025-00535-6Drug hypersensitivitySystemic capillary leakPolyserositisAutoimmune gastritisLupus anticoagulantANA |
| spellingShingle | Ninh Xuan Nguyen Ngoc Tien Pham Huong Thi Thanh Le Quoc Viet Tran Hang Ngoc Thuy Tran An Thien Do Drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction presenting as systemic capillary leak-like syndrome with polyserositis: a case report BMC Rheumatology Drug hypersensitivity Systemic capillary leak Polyserositis Autoimmune gastritis Lupus anticoagulant ANA |
| title | Drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction presenting as systemic capillary leak-like syndrome with polyserositis: a case report |
| title_full | Drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction presenting as systemic capillary leak-like syndrome with polyserositis: a case report |
| title_fullStr | Drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction presenting as systemic capillary leak-like syndrome with polyserositis: a case report |
| title_full_unstemmed | Drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction presenting as systemic capillary leak-like syndrome with polyserositis: a case report |
| title_short | Drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction presenting as systemic capillary leak-like syndrome with polyserositis: a case report |
| title_sort | drug induced hypersensitivity reaction presenting as systemic capillary leak like syndrome with polyserositis a case report |
| topic | Drug hypersensitivity Systemic capillary leak Polyserositis Autoimmune gastritis Lupus anticoagulant ANA |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41927-025-00535-6 |
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