Study of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Self-medication in Riobamba, Ecuador based on an Indeterminate Likert Scale
Self-medication (SM) is a significant public health problem in Riobamba, Ecuador, characterized by the use of drugs without a prescription. This practice carries risks such as inappropriate drug use and antimicrobial resistance. This study assesses the prevalence, associated factors, and attitudes t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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University of New Mexico
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Neutrosophic Sets and Systems |
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| Online Access: | https://fs.unm.edu/NSS/1StudyKnowledge.pdf |
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| _version_ | 1849224420848041984 |
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| author | Lizbeth Geovanna Silva-Guayasamín Zully Mayra Romero-Orellana Lisbeth Josefina Reales-Chacón Isaac Germán Pérez-Vargas Sulema de la Caridad Hernández-Batista Carlos Antonio Escobar-Suárez María José López-Pino Josselyn Gabriela Bonilla-Ayala |
| author_facet | Lizbeth Geovanna Silva-Guayasamín Zully Mayra Romero-Orellana Lisbeth Josefina Reales-Chacón Isaac Germán Pérez-Vargas Sulema de la Caridad Hernández-Batista Carlos Antonio Escobar-Suárez María José López-Pino Josselyn Gabriela Bonilla-Ayala |
| author_sort | Lizbeth Geovanna Silva-Guayasamín |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Self-medication (SM) is a significant public health problem in Riobamba, Ecuador, characterized by the use of drugs without a prescription. This practice carries risks such as inappropriate drug use and antimicrobial resistance. This study assesses the prevalence, associated factors, and attitudes towards SM in Riobamba. To do so, data were collected from 383 city residents, who also responded to a survey. To ensure the accuracy of the results, we asked respondents to answer some questions based on an Indeterminate Likert Scale. In this way, people can evaluate each of the different opinions, thus obtaining a more reliable result of the person's opinion, compared to the classic Likert scale. In addition, the Neutrosophic Similarity theory is used to convert the responses to a nominal scale. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1ee096eaec3e41218b1dd63e380ee5bc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2331-6055 2331-608X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | University of New Mexico |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neutrosophic Sets and Systems |
| spelling | doaj-art-1ee096eaec3e41218b1dd63e380ee5bc2025-08-25T10:09:08ZengUniversity of New MexicoNeutrosophic Sets and Systems2331-60552331-608X2025-04-018011010.5281/zenodo.14648358Study of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Self-medication in Riobamba, Ecuador based on an Indeterminate Likert ScaleLizbeth Geovanna Silva-GuayasamínZully Mayra Romero-OrellanaLisbeth Josefina Reales-ChacónIsaac Germán Pérez-VargasSulema de la Caridad Hernández-BatistaCarlos Antonio Escobar-SuárezMaría José López-PinoJosselyn Gabriela Bonilla-AyalaSelf-medication (SM) is a significant public health problem in Riobamba, Ecuador, characterized by the use of drugs without a prescription. This practice carries risks such as inappropriate drug use and antimicrobial resistance. This study assesses the prevalence, associated factors, and attitudes towards SM in Riobamba. To do so, data were collected from 383 city residents, who also responded to a survey. To ensure the accuracy of the results, we asked respondents to answer some questions based on an Indeterminate Likert Scale. In this way, people can evaluate each of the different opinions, thus obtaining a more reliable result of the person's opinion, compared to the classic Likert scale. In addition, the Neutrosophic Similarity theory is used to convert the responses to a nominal scale. https://fs.unm.edu/NSS/1StudyKnowledge.pdfself-medicationpublic healthindeterminate likert scaletriple refined indeterminate neutrosophic set (trins)neutrosophic similarity |
| spellingShingle | Lizbeth Geovanna Silva-Guayasamín Zully Mayra Romero-Orellana Lisbeth Josefina Reales-Chacón Isaac Germán Pérez-Vargas Sulema de la Caridad Hernández-Batista Carlos Antonio Escobar-Suárez María José López-Pino Josselyn Gabriela Bonilla-Ayala Study of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Self-medication in Riobamba, Ecuador based on an Indeterminate Likert Scale Neutrosophic Sets and Systems self-medication public health indeterminate likert scale triple refined indeterminate neutrosophic set (trins) neutrosophic similarity |
| title | Study of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Self-medication in Riobamba, Ecuador based on an Indeterminate Likert Scale |
| title_full | Study of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Self-medication in Riobamba, Ecuador based on an Indeterminate Likert Scale |
| title_fullStr | Study of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Self-medication in Riobamba, Ecuador based on an Indeterminate Likert Scale |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Self-medication in Riobamba, Ecuador based on an Indeterminate Likert Scale |
| title_short | Study of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Self-medication in Riobamba, Ecuador based on an Indeterminate Likert Scale |
| title_sort | study of knowledge attitude and practice of self medication in riobamba ecuador based on an indeterminate likert scale |
| topic | self-medication public health indeterminate likert scale triple refined indeterminate neutrosophic set (trins) neutrosophic similarity |
| url | https://fs.unm.edu/NSS/1StudyKnowledge.pdf |
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