Genetics and clinical correlation of Dravet syndrome and its mimics – experience of a tertiary center in Taiwan

Background: Dravet syndrome is a severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy characterized by the onset of prolonged febrile and afebrile seizures in infancy and SCN1A gene mutations. In some cases, non-SCN1A gene mutations can present with a phenotype very similar to that of Dravet syndrome....

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Main Authors: Yi-Hsuan Liu, Yi-Ting Cheng, Meng-Han Tsai, I-Jun Chou, Po-Cheng Hung, Meng-Ying Hsieh, Yi-Shan Wang, Yun-Ju Chen, Cheng-Yen Kuo, Jainn-Jim Lin, Huei-Shyong Wang, Kuang-Lin Lin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2021-09-01
Series:Pediatrics and Neonatology
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875957221001066
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author Yi-Hsuan Liu
Yi-Ting Cheng
Meng-Han Tsai
I-Jun Chou
Po-Cheng Hung
Meng-Ying Hsieh
Yi-Shan Wang
Yun-Ju Chen
Cheng-Yen Kuo
Jainn-Jim Lin
Huei-Shyong Wang
Kuang-Lin Lin
author_facet Yi-Hsuan Liu
Yi-Ting Cheng
Meng-Han Tsai
I-Jun Chou
Po-Cheng Hung
Meng-Ying Hsieh
Yi-Shan Wang
Yun-Ju Chen
Cheng-Yen Kuo
Jainn-Jim Lin
Huei-Shyong Wang
Kuang-Lin Lin
author_sort Yi-Hsuan Liu
collection DOAJ
description Background: Dravet syndrome is a severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy characterized by the onset of prolonged febrile and afebrile seizures in infancy and SCN1A gene mutations. In some cases, non-SCN1A gene mutations can present with a phenotype very similar to that of Dravet syndrome. The aim of this study was to compare phenotypes of patients with SCN1A and non-SCN1A gene mutation-related Dravet syndrome. Methods: Thirty-six patients with Dravet syndrome-like phenotypes were followed from July 2017 to December 2019. We retrospectively analyzed their clinical profiles and genetic surveys. Results: Of the 36 enrolled patients, 15 (41.7%) had SCN1A mutations, one (2.8%) had an SCN8A mutation, one (2.8%) had an STX1B mutation, and five females (13.9%) had PCDH 19 mutations. The median age at first seizure onset was 7 months in those with SCN1A mutations, 1.3 years in those with PCDH19 mutations, and 10 months for the remaining patients. The majority of the patients with SCN1A mutations had status epilepticus (80% vs. 20%) and fever-sensitive seizures (76% vs. 31%) compared to those with PCDH19 mutations. The patients with SCN1A-related seizures had a higher rate of focal seizures as first seizure type than those without SCN1A mutations. Three of five (60%) patients with PCDH19 mutations had brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities. The three most commonly used antiseizure medications were sodium valproate, levetiracetam, and clobazam. Seven of the 15 patients with SCN1A mutations used stiripentol. The median time from seizure onset to genetic diagnosis was 6.6 years (range 4 months–22.3 years). Conclusion: The patients with SCN1A mutations in this study had high rates of fever-sensitive seizures, status epilepticus, seizure onset with focal seizure type, and relatively young age at seizure onset. The patients with PCDH19 mutations had a relatively high rate of abnormal brain magnetic resonance imaging findings.
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spelling doaj-art-1eb110d18f1f41a6b1d239a47a68d1dd2025-08-20T01:59:03ZengElsevierPediatrics and Neonatology1875-95722021-09-0162555055810.1016/j.pedneo.2021.05.022Genetics and clinical correlation of Dravet syndrome and its mimics – experience of a tertiary center in TaiwanYi-Hsuan Liu0Yi-Ting Cheng1Meng-Han Tsai2I-Jun Chou3Po-Cheng Hung4Meng-Ying Hsieh5Yi-Shan Wang6Yun-Ju Chen7Cheng-Yen Kuo8Jainn-Jim Lin9Huei-Shyong Wang10Kuang-Lin Lin11Division of Pediatric Neurology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, TaiwanDivision of Pediatric Neurology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, TaiwanCollege of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDivision of Pediatric Neurology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, TaiwanDivision of Pediatric Neurology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, TaiwanDivision of Pediatric Neurology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, TaiwanDivision of Pediatric Neurology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, TaiwanDivision of Pediatric Neurology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei, TaiwanDivision of Pediatric Neurology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, TaiwanCollege of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Pediatric Critical Care and Pediatric Neurocritical Care Center, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, TaiwanDivision of Pediatric Neurology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, TaiwanDivision of Pediatric Neurology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Corresponding author. Division of Pediatric Neurology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, 5 Fu-Shin Street, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.Background: Dravet syndrome is a severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy characterized by the onset of prolonged febrile and afebrile seizures in infancy and SCN1A gene mutations. In some cases, non-SCN1A gene mutations can present with a phenotype very similar to that of Dravet syndrome. The aim of this study was to compare phenotypes of patients with SCN1A and non-SCN1A gene mutation-related Dravet syndrome. Methods: Thirty-six patients with Dravet syndrome-like phenotypes were followed from July 2017 to December 2019. We retrospectively analyzed their clinical profiles and genetic surveys. Results: Of the 36 enrolled patients, 15 (41.7%) had SCN1A mutations, one (2.8%) had an SCN8A mutation, one (2.8%) had an STX1B mutation, and five females (13.9%) had PCDH 19 mutations. The median age at first seizure onset was 7 months in those with SCN1A mutations, 1.3 years in those with PCDH19 mutations, and 10 months for the remaining patients. The majority of the patients with SCN1A mutations had status epilepticus (80% vs. 20%) and fever-sensitive seizures (76% vs. 31%) compared to those with PCDH19 mutations. The patients with SCN1A-related seizures had a higher rate of focal seizures as first seizure type than those without SCN1A mutations. Three of five (60%) patients with PCDH19 mutations had brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities. The three most commonly used antiseizure medications were sodium valproate, levetiracetam, and clobazam. Seven of the 15 patients with SCN1A mutations used stiripentol. The median time from seizure onset to genetic diagnosis was 6.6 years (range 4 months–22.3 years). Conclusion: The patients with SCN1A mutations in this study had high rates of fever-sensitive seizures, status epilepticus, seizure onset with focal seizure type, and relatively young age at seizure onset. The patients with PCDH19 mutations had a relatively high rate of abnormal brain magnetic resonance imaging findings.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875957221001066dravet syndromeepileptic encephalopathyfever-sensitive seizuresSCN1Amutationstatus epilepticus
spellingShingle Yi-Hsuan Liu
Yi-Ting Cheng
Meng-Han Tsai
I-Jun Chou
Po-Cheng Hung
Meng-Ying Hsieh
Yi-Shan Wang
Yun-Ju Chen
Cheng-Yen Kuo
Jainn-Jim Lin
Huei-Shyong Wang
Kuang-Lin Lin
Genetics and clinical correlation of Dravet syndrome and its mimics – experience of a tertiary center in Taiwan
Pediatrics and Neonatology
dravet syndrome
epileptic encephalopathy
fever-sensitive seizures
SCN1Amutation
status epilepticus
title Genetics and clinical correlation of Dravet syndrome and its mimics – experience of a tertiary center in Taiwan
title_full Genetics and clinical correlation of Dravet syndrome and its mimics – experience of a tertiary center in Taiwan
title_fullStr Genetics and clinical correlation of Dravet syndrome and its mimics – experience of a tertiary center in Taiwan
title_full_unstemmed Genetics and clinical correlation of Dravet syndrome and its mimics – experience of a tertiary center in Taiwan
title_short Genetics and clinical correlation of Dravet syndrome and its mimics – experience of a tertiary center in Taiwan
title_sort genetics and clinical correlation of dravet syndrome and its mimics experience of a tertiary center in taiwan
topic dravet syndrome
epileptic encephalopathy
fever-sensitive seizures
SCN1Amutation
status epilepticus
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875957221001066
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