Female homicides in Brazil: global burden of disease study, 2000–2018Research in context

Summary: Background: Female homicides are a public health-relevant issue, and its spatial distribution may evidence socioeconomic vulnerabilities. This study aims to analyze the temporal and spatial trends of female homicides in Brazil and investigate socioeconomic-demographic factors associated wi...

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Main Authors: Nadia Machado de Vasconcelos, Juliana Bottoni de Souza, Adauto Martins Soares Filho, Polyanna Helena Coelho, Sofia Reinach, Caroline Stein, Crizian Saar Gomes, Luisa Sorio Flor, Emmanuela Gakidou, Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro, Deborah Carvalho Malta
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:The Lancet Regional Health. Americas
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X2400262X
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author Nadia Machado de Vasconcelos
Juliana Bottoni de Souza
Adauto Martins Soares Filho
Polyanna Helena Coelho
Sofia Reinach
Caroline Stein
Crizian Saar Gomes
Luisa Sorio Flor
Emmanuela Gakidou
Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro
Deborah Carvalho Malta
author_facet Nadia Machado de Vasconcelos
Juliana Bottoni de Souza
Adauto Martins Soares Filho
Polyanna Helena Coelho
Sofia Reinach
Caroline Stein
Crizian Saar Gomes
Luisa Sorio Flor
Emmanuela Gakidou
Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro
Deborah Carvalho Malta
author_sort Nadia Machado de Vasconcelos
collection DOAJ
description Summary: Background: Female homicides are a public health-relevant issue, and its spatial distribution may evidence socioeconomic vulnerabilities. This study aims to analyze the temporal and spatial trends of female homicides in Brazil and investigate socioeconomic-demographic factors associated with it. Methods: This is an ecological, descriptive, and analytical epidemiological study investigating the age-standardized female homicide rate in all Brazilian municipalities between 2000 and 2018, divided into three periods. Spatial and temporal analyses were conducted using the Global Moran's Index and LISA to identify clusters of high and low rates. Rates were also calculated by population size and means of violence across macro-regions. For the last period, a multivariable linear regression model analyzed the association of female homicide rates with social, economic, and geographic factors. Findings: Female homicide rates in Brazil remained high during the studied period, with differences in trends between regions. Among the potentially associated factors, it was observed that male homicide rate, the high percentage of violent deaths among black women and those with low levels of education, in addition to the low Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, were positively associated with female homicide, whereas larger cities were negatively associated. Interpretation: These findings show that Brazil is a country with a high risk of female homicide. Nevertheless, the vulnerability of women is unequally distributed in the country. Female homicides are mostly caused by domestic conflicts but can also be influenced by changes in the urban and social contexts. Funding: This project is funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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spelling doaj-art-1e89bc2f9cd046468b142521a8a53ee62025-08-20T02:12:54ZengElsevierThe Lancet Regional Health. Americas2667-193X2024-12-014010093510.1016/j.lana.2024.100935Female homicides in Brazil: global burden of disease study, 2000–2018Research in contextNadia Machado de Vasconcelos0Juliana Bottoni de Souza1Adauto Martins Soares Filho2Polyanna Helena Coelho3Sofia Reinach4Caroline Stein5Crizian Saar Gomes6Luisa Sorio Flor7Emmanuela Gakidou8Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro9Deborah Carvalho Malta10Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Corresponding author. Federal University of Minas Gerais, Alfredo Balena Avenue, 190, room 434, Santa Efigência, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP: 30130-100, Brazil.Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BrazilBrazilian Ministry of Health, Brasilia, Federal District, BrazilCivil Police of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BrazilVital Strategies, São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniversity of Washington, Seattle, WA, USAFederal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BrazilUniversity of Washington, Seattle, WA, USAUniversity of Washington, Seattle, WA, USAFederal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BrazilFederal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BrazilSummary: Background: Female homicides are a public health-relevant issue, and its spatial distribution may evidence socioeconomic vulnerabilities. This study aims to analyze the temporal and spatial trends of female homicides in Brazil and investigate socioeconomic-demographic factors associated with it. Methods: This is an ecological, descriptive, and analytical epidemiological study investigating the age-standardized female homicide rate in all Brazilian municipalities between 2000 and 2018, divided into three periods. Spatial and temporal analyses were conducted using the Global Moran's Index and LISA to identify clusters of high and low rates. Rates were also calculated by population size and means of violence across macro-regions. For the last period, a multivariable linear regression model analyzed the association of female homicide rates with social, economic, and geographic factors. Findings: Female homicide rates in Brazil remained high during the studied period, with differences in trends between regions. Among the potentially associated factors, it was observed that male homicide rate, the high percentage of violent deaths among black women and those with low levels of education, in addition to the low Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, were positively associated with female homicide, whereas larger cities were negatively associated. Interpretation: These findings show that Brazil is a country with a high risk of female homicide. Nevertheless, the vulnerability of women is unequally distributed in the country. Female homicides are mostly caused by domestic conflicts but can also be influenced by changes in the urban and social contexts. Funding: This project is funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X2400262XViolence against womenGender-based violenceBrazilHomicidePublic health surveillance
spellingShingle Nadia Machado de Vasconcelos
Juliana Bottoni de Souza
Adauto Martins Soares Filho
Polyanna Helena Coelho
Sofia Reinach
Caroline Stein
Crizian Saar Gomes
Luisa Sorio Flor
Emmanuela Gakidou
Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro
Deborah Carvalho Malta
Female homicides in Brazil: global burden of disease study, 2000–2018Research in context
The Lancet Regional Health. Americas
Violence against women
Gender-based violence
Brazil
Homicide
Public health surveillance
title Female homicides in Brazil: global burden of disease study, 2000–2018Research in context
title_full Female homicides in Brazil: global burden of disease study, 2000–2018Research in context
title_fullStr Female homicides in Brazil: global burden of disease study, 2000–2018Research in context
title_full_unstemmed Female homicides in Brazil: global burden of disease study, 2000–2018Research in context
title_short Female homicides in Brazil: global burden of disease study, 2000–2018Research in context
title_sort female homicides in brazil global burden of disease study 2000 2018research in context
topic Violence against women
Gender-based violence
Brazil
Homicide
Public health surveillance
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X2400262X
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