Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Activities of Novel Nitrofuran Derivatives

Keeping in view the varying therapeutic attributes of 5-nitrofuran and isatin derivatives, novel 5-nitrofuran‒isatin molecular hybrids (2, 5–7) were synthesized by standard protocols, characterized by various spectroscopic techniques, and eventually evaluated against a group of pathogenic bacteria a...

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Main Authors: Malik Suliman Mohamed, Khaled M. Elamin, Rawaf Alenazy, Eyman Mohamed Eltayib, Mona Timan Idriss, Noura A. A. Alhudaib, Tilal Elsaman, Magdi Awadalla Mohamed
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2023-01-01
Series:Journal of Chemistry
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/1481595
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author Malik Suliman Mohamed
Khaled M. Elamin
Rawaf Alenazy
Eyman Mohamed Eltayib
Mona Timan Idriss
Noura A. A. Alhudaib
Tilal Elsaman
Magdi Awadalla Mohamed
author_facet Malik Suliman Mohamed
Khaled M. Elamin
Rawaf Alenazy
Eyman Mohamed Eltayib
Mona Timan Idriss
Noura A. A. Alhudaib
Tilal Elsaman
Magdi Awadalla Mohamed
author_sort Malik Suliman Mohamed
collection DOAJ
description Keeping in view the varying therapeutic attributes of 5-nitrofuran and isatin derivatives, novel 5-nitrofuran‒isatin molecular hybrids (2, 5–7) were synthesized by standard protocols, characterized by various spectroscopic techniques, and eventually evaluated against a group of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Greater potency against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was exhibited by hybrids 5 and 6 with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 8 and 1 μg/mL, respectively. Cytotoxicity against both human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293) and human red blood cells (RBCs) was investigated for the hybrids in hand. All hybrids appeared to have good safety; all of them were devoid of cytotoxicity, and none displayed hemolytic activity at the highest test concentration (CC50 and HI10 > 32 μg/mL). To support the postulation that these hybrids would be analogous to drugs containing the 5-nitrofurn ring system, molecular docking was carried out to streamline the binding affinity of the investigated hybrids towards the E. coli nitroreductase (NTR). Compared to the standard drug nitrofurazone, hybrid 6 demonstrated a higher affinity and better binding interactions with the NTR binding pocket. Therefore, it could be concluded that 6 displays its antibacterial action through a mechanism similar to that of nitrofurazone. Nonetheless, further wet investigations are to be conducted to confirm this finding. Encouraged by the well-established anticancer activity of isatin derivatives, 2, 5–7 were assessed for their potential antitumor activity, and they well demonstrated potent inhibitory activity against the human colon cancer cell line HCT 116 (IC50 = 1.62–8.8 μM) with isatin hybrid 3 being the best (IC50 = 1.62 μM). Thus, it is herein reported that these 5-nitrofuran‒isatin molecular hybrids could represent an ideal starting point for future studies to develop potent antimicrobial agents.
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spelling doaj-art-1e5cacc4bbcf43eaadd3a89cc7beb3552025-08-20T02:04:44ZengWileyJournal of Chemistry2090-90712023-01-01202310.1155/2023/1481595Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Activities of Novel Nitrofuran DerivativesMalik Suliman Mohamed0Khaled M. Elamin1Rawaf Alenazy2Eyman Mohamed Eltayib3Mona Timan Idriss4Noura A. A. Alhudaib5Tilal Elsaman6Magdi Awadalla Mohamed7Department of PharmaceuticsGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesDepartment of Medical LaboratoryDepartment of PharmaceuticsDepartment of Medical Sciences and Preparation YearDepartment of Medical Sciences and Preparation YearDepartment of Pharmaceutical ChemistryDepartment of Pharmaceutical ChemistryKeeping in view the varying therapeutic attributes of 5-nitrofuran and isatin derivatives, novel 5-nitrofuran‒isatin molecular hybrids (2, 5–7) were synthesized by standard protocols, characterized by various spectroscopic techniques, and eventually evaluated against a group of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Greater potency against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was exhibited by hybrids 5 and 6 with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 8 and 1 μg/mL, respectively. Cytotoxicity against both human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293) and human red blood cells (RBCs) was investigated for the hybrids in hand. All hybrids appeared to have good safety; all of them were devoid of cytotoxicity, and none displayed hemolytic activity at the highest test concentration (CC50 and HI10 > 32 μg/mL). To support the postulation that these hybrids would be analogous to drugs containing the 5-nitrofurn ring system, molecular docking was carried out to streamline the binding affinity of the investigated hybrids towards the E. coli nitroreductase (NTR). Compared to the standard drug nitrofurazone, hybrid 6 demonstrated a higher affinity and better binding interactions with the NTR binding pocket. Therefore, it could be concluded that 6 displays its antibacterial action through a mechanism similar to that of nitrofurazone. Nonetheless, further wet investigations are to be conducted to confirm this finding. Encouraged by the well-established anticancer activity of isatin derivatives, 2, 5–7 were assessed for their potential antitumor activity, and they well demonstrated potent inhibitory activity against the human colon cancer cell line HCT 116 (IC50 = 1.62–8.8 μM) with isatin hybrid 3 being the best (IC50 = 1.62 μM). Thus, it is herein reported that these 5-nitrofuran‒isatin molecular hybrids could represent an ideal starting point for future studies to develop potent antimicrobial agents.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/1481595
spellingShingle Malik Suliman Mohamed
Khaled M. Elamin
Rawaf Alenazy
Eyman Mohamed Eltayib
Mona Timan Idriss
Noura A. A. Alhudaib
Tilal Elsaman
Magdi Awadalla Mohamed
Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Activities of Novel Nitrofuran Derivatives
Journal of Chemistry
title Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Activities of Novel Nitrofuran Derivatives
title_full Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Activities of Novel Nitrofuran Derivatives
title_fullStr Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Activities of Novel Nitrofuran Derivatives
title_full_unstemmed Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Activities of Novel Nitrofuran Derivatives
title_short Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Activities of Novel Nitrofuran Derivatives
title_sort synthesis antimicrobial and anticancer activities of novel nitrofuran derivatives
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/1481595
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