Dual Nature of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs)—From Cancer’s Ally to Therapeutic Target

Cancer remains a major global health challenge requiring the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Liquid biopsy is considered a promising minimally invasive tool for cancer screening, prognosis and treatment monitoring. Recent studies suggest that neutrophil extracellular traps (NET...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Karolina Buszka, Claudia Dompe, Kinga Derwich, Izabela Pieścikowska, Michał Nowicki, Joanna Budna-Tukan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-08-01
Series:Cells
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/15/1200
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849239645791977472
author Karolina Buszka
Claudia Dompe
Kinga Derwich
Izabela Pieścikowska
Michał Nowicki
Joanna Budna-Tukan
author_facet Karolina Buszka
Claudia Dompe
Kinga Derwich
Izabela Pieścikowska
Michał Nowicki
Joanna Budna-Tukan
author_sort Karolina Buszka
collection DOAJ
description Cancer remains a major global health challenge requiring the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Liquid biopsy is considered a promising minimally invasive tool for cancer screening, prognosis and treatment monitoring. Recent studies suggest that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may also be potential liquid biopsy markers. NETs are web-like chromatin structures released by neutrophils in response to various stimuli to trap and neutralize pathogens. However, excessive or dysregulated NET formation has been implicated in tumor progression and metastasis. Elevated levels of NETs have been observed in patients with various types of cancer and correlate with disease stage and prognosis. The presence of NET markers such as citrullinated histone H3 (H3Cit), neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) has been associated with higher tumor burden and poorer clinical outcomes. Several studies have shown a positive correlation between NET markers and circulating free DNA (cfDNA) levels, suggesting that NETs may increase the sensitivity of liquid biopsy in detecting and monitoring cancer progression. This review examines the role of NETs in the tumor microenvironment, their contribution to cancer progression and metastasis, and their potential use in liquid biopsy and cancer therapy.
format Article
id doaj-art-1e50dbef00e14a64925d8b036b0ee6e4
institution Kabale University
issn 2073-4409
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Cells
spelling doaj-art-1e50dbef00e14a64925d8b036b0ee6e42025-08-20T04:00:54ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092025-08-011415120010.3390/cells14151200Dual Nature of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs)—From Cancer’s Ally to Therapeutic TargetKarolina Buszka0Claudia Dompe1Kinga Derwich2Izabela Pieścikowska3Michał Nowicki4Joanna Budna-Tukan5Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, PolandDoctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, PolandCancer remains a major global health challenge requiring the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Liquid biopsy is considered a promising minimally invasive tool for cancer screening, prognosis and treatment monitoring. Recent studies suggest that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may also be potential liquid biopsy markers. NETs are web-like chromatin structures released by neutrophils in response to various stimuli to trap and neutralize pathogens. However, excessive or dysregulated NET formation has been implicated in tumor progression and metastasis. Elevated levels of NETs have been observed in patients with various types of cancer and correlate with disease stage and prognosis. The presence of NET markers such as citrullinated histone H3 (H3Cit), neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) has been associated with higher tumor burden and poorer clinical outcomes. Several studies have shown a positive correlation between NET markers and circulating free DNA (cfDNA) levels, suggesting that NETs may increase the sensitivity of liquid biopsy in detecting and monitoring cancer progression. This review examines the role of NETs in the tumor microenvironment, their contribution to cancer progression and metastasis, and their potential use in liquid biopsy and cancer therapy.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/15/1200neutrophilsneutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)tumorsliquid biopsymetastasisbiomarkers
spellingShingle Karolina Buszka
Claudia Dompe
Kinga Derwich
Izabela Pieścikowska
Michał Nowicki
Joanna Budna-Tukan
Dual Nature of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs)—From Cancer’s Ally to Therapeutic Target
Cells
neutrophils
neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)
tumors
liquid biopsy
metastasis
biomarkers
title Dual Nature of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs)—From Cancer’s Ally to Therapeutic Target
title_full Dual Nature of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs)—From Cancer’s Ally to Therapeutic Target
title_fullStr Dual Nature of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs)—From Cancer’s Ally to Therapeutic Target
title_full_unstemmed Dual Nature of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs)—From Cancer’s Ally to Therapeutic Target
title_short Dual Nature of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs)—From Cancer’s Ally to Therapeutic Target
title_sort dual nature of neutrophil extracellular traps nets from cancer s ally to therapeutic target
topic neutrophils
neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)
tumors
liquid biopsy
metastasis
biomarkers
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/15/1200
work_keys_str_mv AT karolinabuszka dualnatureofneutrophilextracellulartrapsnetsfromcancersallytotherapeutictarget
AT claudiadompe dualnatureofneutrophilextracellulartrapsnetsfromcancersallytotherapeutictarget
AT kingaderwich dualnatureofneutrophilextracellulartrapsnetsfromcancersallytotherapeutictarget
AT izabelapiescikowska dualnatureofneutrophilextracellulartrapsnetsfromcancersallytotherapeutictarget
AT michałnowicki dualnatureofneutrophilextracellulartrapsnetsfromcancersallytotherapeutictarget
AT joannabudnatukan dualnatureofneutrophilextracellulartrapsnetsfromcancersallytotherapeutictarget