Nicotinamide Counteracts Ultraviolet-B-Induced Cytotoxic Effects and Aquaporins Overexpression in the A375 Melanoma Cell Line

Background/objectives: Ultraviolet-B (UVB) represents a major extrinsic factor in skin cancer development, causing cellular changes that are not yet fully understood. Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of transmembrane proteins that favor water transport and are involved in several pathways. Nicotinamid...

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Main Authors: Lara Camillo, Elia Esposto, Laura Cristina Gironi, Elisa Zavattaro, Paola Savoia
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Dermato
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6179/5/1/3
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author Lara Camillo
Elia Esposto
Laura Cristina Gironi
Elisa Zavattaro
Paola Savoia
author_facet Lara Camillo
Elia Esposto
Laura Cristina Gironi
Elisa Zavattaro
Paola Savoia
author_sort Lara Camillo
collection DOAJ
description Background/objectives: Ultraviolet-B (UVB) represents a major extrinsic factor in skin cancer development, causing cellular changes that are not yet fully understood. Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of transmembrane proteins that favor water transport and are involved in several pathways. Nicotinamide (NAM), a vitamin B3 derivate, is a safe molecule able to reduce UVB-induced damages. This study aims to verify whether AQP expression is affected by UVB exposure at different dosages and times and to evaluate NAM’s effects against UVB-induced damages. Methods: A375 cells were exposed to 40, 100, and 200 mJ/cm<sup>2</sup> UVB doses and analyzed 0, 1, 18, and 24 h post-irradiation. Results: We found that the 40 mJ/cm<sup>2</sup> UVB dose, 24 h post-irradiation, caused the most detrimental effects an overall overexpression and dimerization of AQPs. However, in the presence of NAM 25 μM, the cell cycle was restored, leading to improved cell viability and proliferation, reduced ROS levels, and reduced DNA damage. Moreover, we found decreased AQPs expression and dimerization. Conclusions: Overall, NAM effectively mitigates UVB-induced cellular damage, including AQPs overexpression, and may serve as a protective agent against UVB-related skin damage.
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spelling doaj-art-1e3b0b2eb63a41a49ef07b32fc4114592025-08-20T02:42:40ZengMDPI AGDermato2673-61792025-02-0151310.3390/dermato5010003Nicotinamide Counteracts Ultraviolet-B-Induced Cytotoxic Effects and Aquaporins Overexpression in the A375 Melanoma Cell LineLara Camillo0Elia Esposto1Laura Cristina Gironi2Elisa Zavattaro3Paola Savoia4Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, via Paolo Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, ItalyAOU Maggiore della Carità di Novara, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100 Novara, ItalyAOU Maggiore della Carità di Novara, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100 Novara, ItalyDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, via Paolo Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, ItalyDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, via Paolo Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, ItalyBackground/objectives: Ultraviolet-B (UVB) represents a major extrinsic factor in skin cancer development, causing cellular changes that are not yet fully understood. Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of transmembrane proteins that favor water transport and are involved in several pathways. Nicotinamide (NAM), a vitamin B3 derivate, is a safe molecule able to reduce UVB-induced damages. This study aims to verify whether AQP expression is affected by UVB exposure at different dosages and times and to evaluate NAM’s effects against UVB-induced damages. Methods: A375 cells were exposed to 40, 100, and 200 mJ/cm<sup>2</sup> UVB doses and analyzed 0, 1, 18, and 24 h post-irradiation. Results: We found that the 40 mJ/cm<sup>2</sup> UVB dose, 24 h post-irradiation, caused the most detrimental effects an overall overexpression and dimerization of AQPs. However, in the presence of NAM 25 μM, the cell cycle was restored, leading to improved cell viability and proliferation, reduced ROS levels, and reduced DNA damage. Moreover, we found decreased AQPs expression and dimerization. Conclusions: Overall, NAM effectively mitigates UVB-induced cellular damage, including AQPs overexpression, and may serve as a protective agent against UVB-related skin damage.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6179/5/1/3aquaporinsmelanomaUVB radiationnicotinamidevitamin B3DNA damage
spellingShingle Lara Camillo
Elia Esposto
Laura Cristina Gironi
Elisa Zavattaro
Paola Savoia
Nicotinamide Counteracts Ultraviolet-B-Induced Cytotoxic Effects and Aquaporins Overexpression in the A375 Melanoma Cell Line
Dermato
aquaporins
melanoma
UVB radiation
nicotinamide
vitamin B3
DNA damage
title Nicotinamide Counteracts Ultraviolet-B-Induced Cytotoxic Effects and Aquaporins Overexpression in the A375 Melanoma Cell Line
title_full Nicotinamide Counteracts Ultraviolet-B-Induced Cytotoxic Effects and Aquaporins Overexpression in the A375 Melanoma Cell Line
title_fullStr Nicotinamide Counteracts Ultraviolet-B-Induced Cytotoxic Effects and Aquaporins Overexpression in the A375 Melanoma Cell Line
title_full_unstemmed Nicotinamide Counteracts Ultraviolet-B-Induced Cytotoxic Effects and Aquaporins Overexpression in the A375 Melanoma Cell Line
title_short Nicotinamide Counteracts Ultraviolet-B-Induced Cytotoxic Effects and Aquaporins Overexpression in the A375 Melanoma Cell Line
title_sort nicotinamide counteracts ultraviolet b induced cytotoxic effects and aquaporins overexpression in the a375 melanoma cell line
topic aquaporins
melanoma
UVB radiation
nicotinamide
vitamin B3
DNA damage
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6179/5/1/3
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