Comprehensive Experimental Investigation of Operational Parameter Sensitivity in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Performance

In this study, the sensitivity of operating parameters such as the hydrogen and air excess coefficient, cathode inlet pressure, intake relative humidity, and coolant inlet temperature and their effects on the performance of single proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are experimentally asses...

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Main Authors: Renhua Feng, Zhanye Hua, Jing Yu, Shaoyang Wang, Laihua Shi, Xing Shu, Ziyi Yan, Jiayi Guo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Batteries
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/11/7/278
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author Renhua Feng
Zhanye Hua
Jing Yu
Shaoyang Wang
Laihua Shi
Xing Shu
Ziyi Yan
Jiayi Guo
author_facet Renhua Feng
Zhanye Hua
Jing Yu
Shaoyang Wang
Laihua Shi
Xing Shu
Ziyi Yan
Jiayi Guo
author_sort Renhua Feng
collection DOAJ
description In this study, the sensitivity of operating parameters such as the hydrogen and air excess coefficient, cathode inlet pressure, intake relative humidity, and coolant inlet temperature and their effects on the performance of single proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are experimentally assessed. The results revealed that the fuel cell node voltage increases as the hydrogen and air excess coefficient increases, and the impact of the hydrogen and air excess coefficient on the fuel cell node voltage gradually increases as the current density increases. However, a higher hydrogen and air excess coefficient is not always better. The node voltage increases as the intake pressure increases. However, it is not that a higher intake pressure is always better, but rather that there is an optimal intake pressure value to achieve the best overall performance of the fuel cell. The node voltage increases as the coolant inlet temperature increases at most fuel cell current densities. However, the optimum fuel cell operating inlet temperature is not necessarily higher, as the coolant inlet temperature may have a strong coupling relationship with other operating conditions that will also affect the fuel cell performance. The fuel cell operating inlet temperature may have a strong coupling relationship with the intake relative humidity, and both of these parameters must be well-matched to achieve better fuel cell performance.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2313-0105
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Batteries
spelling doaj-art-1e1c3681bd3d445fb82f68442623a2b42025-08-20T03:58:25ZengMDPI AGBatteries2313-01052025-07-0111727810.3390/batteries11070278Comprehensive Experimental Investigation of Operational Parameter Sensitivity in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell PerformanceRenhua Feng0Zhanye Hua1Jing Yu2Shaoyang Wang3Laihua Shi4Xing Shu5Ziyi Yan6Jiayi Guo7Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacture Technology for Automobile Parts, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, ChinaKey Laboratory of Advanced Manufacture Technology for Automobile Parts, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, ChinaKey Laboratory of Advanced Manufacture Technology for Automobile Parts, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, ChinaKey Laboratory of Advanced Manufacture Technology for Automobile Parts, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, ChinaChina Merchants Testing Vehicle Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400039, ChinaKey Laboratory of Advanced Manufacture Technology for Automobile Parts, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, ChinaKey Laboratory of Advanced Manufacture Technology for Automobile Parts, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, ChinaKey Laboratory of Advanced Manufacture Technology for Automobile Parts, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, ChinaIn this study, the sensitivity of operating parameters such as the hydrogen and air excess coefficient, cathode inlet pressure, intake relative humidity, and coolant inlet temperature and their effects on the performance of single proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are experimentally assessed. The results revealed that the fuel cell node voltage increases as the hydrogen and air excess coefficient increases, and the impact of the hydrogen and air excess coefficient on the fuel cell node voltage gradually increases as the current density increases. However, a higher hydrogen and air excess coefficient is not always better. The node voltage increases as the intake pressure increases. However, it is not that a higher intake pressure is always better, but rather that there is an optimal intake pressure value to achieve the best overall performance of the fuel cell. The node voltage increases as the coolant inlet temperature increases at most fuel cell current densities. However, the optimum fuel cell operating inlet temperature is not necessarily higher, as the coolant inlet temperature may have a strong coupling relationship with other operating conditions that will also affect the fuel cell performance. The fuel cell operating inlet temperature may have a strong coupling relationship with the intake relative humidity, and both of these parameters must be well-matched to achieve better fuel cell performance.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/11/7/278proton exchange membrane fuel cellperformance testingoperating parameterssensitivity analysis
spellingShingle Renhua Feng
Zhanye Hua
Jing Yu
Shaoyang Wang
Laihua Shi
Xing Shu
Ziyi Yan
Jiayi Guo
Comprehensive Experimental Investigation of Operational Parameter Sensitivity in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Performance
Batteries
proton exchange membrane fuel cell
performance testing
operating parameters
sensitivity analysis
title Comprehensive Experimental Investigation of Operational Parameter Sensitivity in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Performance
title_full Comprehensive Experimental Investigation of Operational Parameter Sensitivity in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Performance
title_fullStr Comprehensive Experimental Investigation of Operational Parameter Sensitivity in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Performance
title_full_unstemmed Comprehensive Experimental Investigation of Operational Parameter Sensitivity in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Performance
title_short Comprehensive Experimental Investigation of Operational Parameter Sensitivity in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Performance
title_sort comprehensive experimental investigation of operational parameter sensitivity in proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance
topic proton exchange membrane fuel cell
performance testing
operating parameters
sensitivity analysis
url https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/11/7/278
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