Commercially pure titanium via wire arc directed energy deposition using localised shielding
Powder-based additive manufacturing (AM) of commercially pure titanium (CPTi) presents challenges regarding feedstock handling, surface oxide formation, and limited build volume. This study examines the microstructural, mechanical, and crystallographic properties of wire arc-directed energy depositi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Philosophical Magazine Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/09500839.2025.2533788 |
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| author | Aruntapan Dash Victor K. Champagne Amit Bandyopadhyay |
| author_facet | Aruntapan Dash Victor K. Champagne Amit Bandyopadhyay |
| author_sort | Aruntapan Dash |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Powder-based additive manufacturing (AM) of commercially pure titanium (CPTi) presents challenges regarding feedstock handling, surface oxide formation, and limited build volume. This study examines the microstructural, mechanical, and crystallographic properties of wire arc-directed energy deposition (WA-DED) CPTi specimens utilising a novel localised shielding technique. Implementing a high-purity argon purging system effectively mitigated oxide formation during the printing process. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a preferential crystallographic orientation along the (002) plane, with a consistent α-titanium phase. Residual stress measurements significantly reduced from 203.53 MPa in as-printed specimens to 17.02 MPa after heat treatment. Microstructural examination showed serrated and acicular α-grains with an average size of 22 μm. Microhardness and tensile testing revealed mechanical properties comparable to those of Grade 3-Ti, with a ductile failure mechanism. The research highlights the potential of the advanced localised shielding technique in enhancing the quality of large-scale additively manufactured titanium components. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1dfb2c2c79e3493a84ff387f02c7e203 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0950-0839 1362-3036 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Philosophical Magazine Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-1dfb2c2c79e3493a84ff387f02c7e2032025-08-20T03:51:44ZengTaylor & Francis GroupPhilosophical Magazine Letters0950-08391362-30362025-12-01105110.1080/09500839.2025.2533788Commercially pure titanium via wire arc directed energy deposition using localised shieldingAruntapan Dash0Victor K. Champagne1Amit Bandyopadhyay2School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USADEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Army Research Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, USASchool of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USAPowder-based additive manufacturing (AM) of commercially pure titanium (CPTi) presents challenges regarding feedstock handling, surface oxide formation, and limited build volume. This study examines the microstructural, mechanical, and crystallographic properties of wire arc-directed energy deposition (WA-DED) CPTi specimens utilising a novel localised shielding technique. Implementing a high-purity argon purging system effectively mitigated oxide formation during the printing process. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a preferential crystallographic orientation along the (002) plane, with a consistent α-titanium phase. Residual stress measurements significantly reduced from 203.53 MPa in as-printed specimens to 17.02 MPa after heat treatment. Microstructural examination showed serrated and acicular α-grains with an average size of 22 μm. Microhardness and tensile testing revealed mechanical properties comparable to those of Grade 3-Ti, with a ductile failure mechanism. The research highlights the potential of the advanced localised shielding technique in enhancing the quality of large-scale additively manufactured titanium components.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/09500839.2025.2533788CPTilocalized shieldingWA-DEDadditive manufacturing3D printing |
| spellingShingle | Aruntapan Dash Victor K. Champagne Amit Bandyopadhyay Commercially pure titanium via wire arc directed energy deposition using localised shielding Philosophical Magazine Letters CPTi localized shielding WA-DED additive manufacturing 3D printing |
| title | Commercially pure titanium via wire arc directed energy deposition using localised shielding |
| title_full | Commercially pure titanium via wire arc directed energy deposition using localised shielding |
| title_fullStr | Commercially pure titanium via wire arc directed energy deposition using localised shielding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Commercially pure titanium via wire arc directed energy deposition using localised shielding |
| title_short | Commercially pure titanium via wire arc directed energy deposition using localised shielding |
| title_sort | commercially pure titanium via wire arc directed energy deposition using localised shielding |
| topic | CPTi localized shielding WA-DED additive manufacturing 3D printing |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/09500839.2025.2533788 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT aruntapandash commerciallypuretitaniumviawirearcdirectedenergydepositionusinglocalisedshielding AT victorkchampagne commerciallypuretitaniumviawirearcdirectedenergydepositionusinglocalisedshielding AT amitbandyopadhyay commerciallypuretitaniumviawirearcdirectedenergydepositionusinglocalisedshielding |