Evaluating the Reliability and Robustness of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities in Cardiometabolic Disease in NHANES, NHIS, and BRFSS (2015–2021)
Background The United States uses the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to monitor disease trends and inform clinical care/prevention research. These 3 surveys share similar national estim...
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Wiley
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.124.040029 |
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| author | Zeel Thakkar Yan Wu Mohammed Khan Xinran Qi George A. Hung Nicholas Kikuta Armaan Jamal Malathi Srinivasan Robert J. Huang Karina Kim Gloria Kim Latha Palaniappan Adrian M. Bacong |
| author_facet | Zeel Thakkar Yan Wu Mohammed Khan Xinran Qi George A. Hung Nicholas Kikuta Armaan Jamal Malathi Srinivasan Robert J. Huang Karina Kim Gloria Kim Latha Palaniappan Adrian M. Bacong |
| author_sort | Zeel Thakkar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background The United States uses the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to monitor disease trends and inform clinical care/prevention research. These 3 surveys share similar national estimates. However, the consistency of each survey's estimates by race has not been examined. Here, we compare prevalence estimates and disparities in cardiometabolic diseases across 5 aggregated racial and ethnic groups. Methods We examined the age‐ and fully‐adjusted prevalence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes among non‐Hispanic White, non‐Hispanic Black, Hispanic, non‐Hispanic Asian, and “Other” race respondents aged 30 years or older. Cardiovascular disease included self‐reported physician diagnosis of heart attack, stroke, and coronary heart disease. Results Although overall national population estimates were similar, there was heterogeneity in estimates by survey. For heart attack and diabetes, each racial group had a higher prevalence in BRFSS than NHIS (eg, Heart Attack: Hispanic BRFSS: 3.4% [95% CI, 3.2–3.6], NHIS: 2.0% [95% CI, 1.8, 2.2]; non‐Hispanic Black BRFSS: 3.8% [95% CI, 3.6, 3.9]; NHIS: 3.0% [95% CI, 2.7, 3.2]). Non‐Hispanic Asian people had the lowest general cardiovascular disease prevalence across all 3 data sets (NHIS: 5.9%, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: 5.3%, BRFSS: 6.9%), while Other/multi‐racial respondents had the highest prevalence (NHIS: 9.9%, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: 13.1%, BRFSS: 10.7%). However, the magnitude of these differences across data sets was small. Conclusions Prevalence estimates for heart attack and diabetes were heterogeneous by race across surveys. These results highlight the importance of improving the representation of racially minoritized groups within national surveys to produce more precise estimates. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1dc8838c52bb4a9b96e17bccd0468357 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2047-9980 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| spelling | doaj-art-1dc8838c52bb4a9b96e17bccd04683572025-08-20T03:13:22ZengWileyJournal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease2047-99802025-03-0114510.1161/JAHA.124.040029Evaluating the Reliability and Robustness of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities in Cardiometabolic Disease in NHANES, NHIS, and BRFSS (2015–2021)Zeel Thakkar0Yan Wu1Mohammed Khan2Xinran Qi3George A. Hung4Nicholas Kikuta5Armaan Jamal6Malathi Srinivasan7Robert J. Huang8Karina Kim9Gloria Kim10Latha Palaniappan11Adrian M. Bacong12Stanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CAStanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CAStanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CAStanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CAStanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CAStanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CAStanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CAStanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CAStanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CAStanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CAStanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CAStanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CAStanford Center for Asian Health Research and Education Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CABackground The United States uses the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to monitor disease trends and inform clinical care/prevention research. These 3 surveys share similar national estimates. However, the consistency of each survey's estimates by race has not been examined. Here, we compare prevalence estimates and disparities in cardiometabolic diseases across 5 aggregated racial and ethnic groups. Methods We examined the age‐ and fully‐adjusted prevalence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes among non‐Hispanic White, non‐Hispanic Black, Hispanic, non‐Hispanic Asian, and “Other” race respondents aged 30 years or older. Cardiovascular disease included self‐reported physician diagnosis of heart attack, stroke, and coronary heart disease. Results Although overall national population estimates were similar, there was heterogeneity in estimates by survey. For heart attack and diabetes, each racial group had a higher prevalence in BRFSS than NHIS (eg, Heart Attack: Hispanic BRFSS: 3.4% [95% CI, 3.2–3.6], NHIS: 2.0% [95% CI, 1.8, 2.2]; non‐Hispanic Black BRFSS: 3.8% [95% CI, 3.6, 3.9]; NHIS: 3.0% [95% CI, 2.7, 3.2]). Non‐Hispanic Asian people had the lowest general cardiovascular disease prevalence across all 3 data sets (NHIS: 5.9%, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: 5.3%, BRFSS: 6.9%), while Other/multi‐racial respondents had the highest prevalence (NHIS: 9.9%, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: 13.1%, BRFSS: 10.7%). However, the magnitude of these differences across data sets was small. Conclusions Prevalence estimates for heart attack and diabetes were heterogeneous by race across surveys. These results highlight the importance of improving the representation of racially minoritized groups within national surveys to produce more precise estimates.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.124.040029Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Systemcardiometabolic diseasecardiovascular diseasemyocardial infarction/heart attackNational Health and Nutrition Examination SurveyNational Health Interview Survey |
| spellingShingle | Zeel Thakkar Yan Wu Mohammed Khan Xinran Qi George A. Hung Nicholas Kikuta Armaan Jamal Malathi Srinivasan Robert J. Huang Karina Kim Gloria Kim Latha Palaniappan Adrian M. Bacong Evaluating the Reliability and Robustness of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities in Cardiometabolic Disease in NHANES, NHIS, and BRFSS (2015–2021) Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System cardiometabolic disease cardiovascular disease myocardial infarction/heart attack National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey National Health Interview Survey |
| title | Evaluating the Reliability and Robustness of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities in Cardiometabolic Disease in NHANES, NHIS, and BRFSS (2015–2021) |
| title_full | Evaluating the Reliability and Robustness of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities in Cardiometabolic Disease in NHANES, NHIS, and BRFSS (2015–2021) |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating the Reliability and Robustness of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities in Cardiometabolic Disease in NHANES, NHIS, and BRFSS (2015–2021) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating the Reliability and Robustness of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities in Cardiometabolic Disease in NHANES, NHIS, and BRFSS (2015–2021) |
| title_short | Evaluating the Reliability and Robustness of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities in Cardiometabolic Disease in NHANES, NHIS, and BRFSS (2015–2021) |
| title_sort | evaluating the reliability and robustness of racial and ethnic health disparities in cardiometabolic disease in nhanes nhis and brfss 2015 2021 |
| topic | Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System cardiometabolic disease cardiovascular disease myocardial infarction/heart attack National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey National Health Interview Survey |
| url | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.124.040029 |
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