Characterizing Parkinson’s Disease-Associated Pain in Native Patients with Malayalam Version of the King’s Parkinson’s Disease Pain Scale
Background and Objectives: Pain is an important non-motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is often under-recognized. Pain is also a symptom frequently reported by non-PD elderly subjects. The King’s Parkinson’s Disease Pain Scale (KPPS) is a valid tool to characterize and quantify pain in PD...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/aian.aian_701_24 |
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| author | Prabhu Attur Selvaraj Asish Vijayaraghavan Vineeth Radhakrishnan Divya Kalikavil Puthenveedu Gangadhara Sarma Sankara P Sarma Syam Krishnan |
| author_facet | Prabhu Attur Selvaraj Asish Vijayaraghavan Vineeth Radhakrishnan Divya Kalikavil Puthenveedu Gangadhara Sarma Sankara P Sarma Syam Krishnan |
| author_sort | Prabhu Attur Selvaraj |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Objectives:
Pain is an important non-motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is often under-recognized. Pain is also a symptom frequently reported by non-PD elderly subjects. The King’s Parkinson’s Disease Pain Scale (KPPS) is a valid tool to characterize and quantify pain in PD and has been translated into several languages.
Methods:
We translated KPPS to Malayalam for native patients with PD and examined the pain characteristics in consecutive patients. Correlations with comprehensive disease-specific rating scales, including the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) and the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS), were explored. A group of age- and gender-matched subjects without PD were interviewed using KPPS to examine how the pain reported by the non-PD aging population is different from that in PD.
Results:
In this study, 82% of patients with PD reported at least one type of pain, compared to 31.3% of age- and gender-matched control subjects (P < 0.001). KPPS total scores (18.2 ± 14.0 vs. 1.8 ± 3.2; P < 0.001) and all the individual domain scores were significantly higher in patients. Pain scores correlated with age in control subjects (R = 0.46, P < 0.001), but not in patients; females reported more pain in both groups. Patients’ pain scores were higher in the postural instability and gait difficulty subtype and showed significant correlations with MDS-UPDRS and NMSS scores.
Conclusions:
Pain is a prevalent symptom in PD and differs from the pain reported by a non-PD aging population. The Malayalam version of KPPS is a valid tool to characterize pain in native, Malayalam-speaking patients. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1d96d288057f44ffa572faef7f61e2f7 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 0972-2327 1998-3549 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology |
| spelling | doaj-art-1d96d288057f44ffa572faef7f61e2f72025-08-20T02:11:01ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsAnnals of Indian Academy of Neurology0972-23271998-35492025-03-0128222723310.4103/aian.aian_701_24Characterizing Parkinson’s Disease-Associated Pain in Native Patients with Malayalam Version of the King’s Parkinson’s Disease Pain ScalePrabhu Attur SelvarajAsish VijayaraghavanVineeth RadhakrishnanDivya Kalikavil PuthenveeduGangadhara SarmaSankara P SarmaSyam KrishnanBackground and Objectives: Pain is an important non-motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is often under-recognized. Pain is also a symptom frequently reported by non-PD elderly subjects. The King’s Parkinson’s Disease Pain Scale (KPPS) is a valid tool to characterize and quantify pain in PD and has been translated into several languages. Methods: We translated KPPS to Malayalam for native patients with PD and examined the pain characteristics in consecutive patients. Correlations with comprehensive disease-specific rating scales, including the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) and the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS), were explored. A group of age- and gender-matched subjects without PD were interviewed using KPPS to examine how the pain reported by the non-PD aging population is different from that in PD. Results: In this study, 82% of patients with PD reported at least one type of pain, compared to 31.3% of age- and gender-matched control subjects (P < 0.001). KPPS total scores (18.2 ± 14.0 vs. 1.8 ± 3.2; P < 0.001) and all the individual domain scores were significantly higher in patients. Pain scores correlated with age in control subjects (R = 0.46, P < 0.001), but not in patients; females reported more pain in both groups. Patients’ pain scores were higher in the postural instability and gait difficulty subtype and showed significant correlations with MDS-UPDRS and NMSS scores. Conclusions: Pain is a prevalent symptom in PD and differs from the pain reported by a non-PD aging population. The Malayalam version of KPPS is a valid tool to characterize pain in native, Malayalam-speaking patients.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/aian.aian_701_24parkinson’s diseasepainking’s parkinson’s disease pain scalenon-motor symptoms |
| spellingShingle | Prabhu Attur Selvaraj Asish Vijayaraghavan Vineeth Radhakrishnan Divya Kalikavil Puthenveedu Gangadhara Sarma Sankara P Sarma Syam Krishnan Characterizing Parkinson’s Disease-Associated Pain in Native Patients with Malayalam Version of the King’s Parkinson’s Disease Pain Scale Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology parkinson’s disease pain king’s parkinson’s disease pain scale non-motor symptoms |
| title | Characterizing Parkinson’s Disease-Associated Pain in Native Patients with Malayalam Version of the King’s Parkinson’s Disease Pain Scale |
| title_full | Characterizing Parkinson’s Disease-Associated Pain in Native Patients with Malayalam Version of the King’s Parkinson’s Disease Pain Scale |
| title_fullStr | Characterizing Parkinson’s Disease-Associated Pain in Native Patients with Malayalam Version of the King’s Parkinson’s Disease Pain Scale |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterizing Parkinson’s Disease-Associated Pain in Native Patients with Malayalam Version of the King’s Parkinson’s Disease Pain Scale |
| title_short | Characterizing Parkinson’s Disease-Associated Pain in Native Patients with Malayalam Version of the King’s Parkinson’s Disease Pain Scale |
| title_sort | characterizing parkinson s disease associated pain in native patients with malayalam version of the king s parkinson s disease pain scale |
| topic | parkinson’s disease pain king’s parkinson’s disease pain scale non-motor symptoms |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/aian.aian_701_24 |
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