Equine Parvovirus-Hepatitis Population Dynamics in a Single Horse over 16 Years
Many viruses mutate rapidly to adapt to host defenses, and for some of these viruses, the result is long-term infection in individual hosts. The work described here examines the infection and long-term maintenance of a newly identified virus, equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H), in an individual ho...
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/7/947 |
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| author | Alexandra J. Scupham |
| author_facet | Alexandra J. Scupham |
| author_sort | Alexandra J. Scupham |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Many viruses mutate rapidly to adapt to host defenses, and for some of these viruses, the result is long-term infection in individual hosts. The work described here examines the infection and long-term maintenance of a newly identified virus, equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H), in an individual horse. This description is possible because of a hypervariable region in the capsid gene; sequence variants were tracked by high-throughput sequencing of serum samples taken over a 16-year period. The data support the hypothesis that EqPV-H infection resulted in a sequence variant bottleneck. The continuing infection evolved into a complex viral population showing a pattern of emergence, dominance, and recession with replacement. This is the first temporal description of the capsid gene evolution of EqPV-H in a single animal. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1d8a7ee8c13d4b2ea9ee8b818ac1fb53 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj-art-1d8a7ee8c13d4b2ea9ee8b818ac1fb532025-08-20T03:32:36ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152025-07-0117794710.3390/v17070947Equine Parvovirus-Hepatitis Population Dynamics in a Single Horse over 16 YearsAlexandra J. Scupham0Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Center for Veterinary Biologics, Ames, IA 50010, USAMany viruses mutate rapidly to adapt to host defenses, and for some of these viruses, the result is long-term infection in individual hosts. The work described here examines the infection and long-term maintenance of a newly identified virus, equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H), in an individual horse. This description is possible because of a hypervariable region in the capsid gene; sequence variants were tracked by high-throughput sequencing of serum samples taken over a 16-year period. The data support the hypothesis that EqPV-H infection resulted in a sequence variant bottleneck. The continuing infection evolved into a complex viral population showing a pattern of emergence, dominance, and recession with replacement. This is the first temporal description of the capsid gene evolution of EqPV-H in a single animal.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/7/947Theiler’s diseaseequine parvovirus-hepatitisecologyevolution |
| spellingShingle | Alexandra J. Scupham Equine Parvovirus-Hepatitis Population Dynamics in a Single Horse over 16 Years Viruses Theiler’s disease equine parvovirus-hepatitis ecology evolution |
| title | Equine Parvovirus-Hepatitis Population Dynamics in a Single Horse over 16 Years |
| title_full | Equine Parvovirus-Hepatitis Population Dynamics in a Single Horse over 16 Years |
| title_fullStr | Equine Parvovirus-Hepatitis Population Dynamics in a Single Horse over 16 Years |
| title_full_unstemmed | Equine Parvovirus-Hepatitis Population Dynamics in a Single Horse over 16 Years |
| title_short | Equine Parvovirus-Hepatitis Population Dynamics in a Single Horse over 16 Years |
| title_sort | equine parvovirus hepatitis population dynamics in a single horse over 16 years |
| topic | Theiler’s disease equine parvovirus-hepatitis ecology evolution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/7/947 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT alexandrajscupham equineparvovirushepatitispopulationdynamicsinasinglehorseover16years |