Amino Acid Regulation in Rice: Integrated Mechanisms and Agricultural Applications
Abstract This review synthesizes how amino acid (AA) metabolism regulates rice stress tolerance, growth and quality through stress protection and growth-modulating pathways, bridging mechanisms to field applications. Under abiotic stresses, rice accumulates specific AAs—notably proline (Pro), γ-amin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Rice |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00829-w |
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| author | Hangfei Luo Bowen Wu Bakht Amin Jiaxu Li Zhongbo Chen Jian Shi Weiting Huang Zhongming Fang |
| author_facet | Hangfei Luo Bowen Wu Bakht Amin Jiaxu Li Zhongbo Chen Jian Shi Weiting Huang Zhongming Fang |
| author_sort | Hangfei Luo |
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| description | Abstract This review synthesizes how amino acid (AA) metabolism regulates rice stress tolerance, growth and quality through stress protection and growth-modulating pathways, bridging mechanisms to field applications. Under abiotic stresses, rice accumulates specific AAs—notably proline (Pro), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and branched-chain AAs (BCAAs)—as osmoprotectants and antioxidants, correlating strongly with stress tolerance. Genetic evidence establishes causality: overexpression of biosynthetic genes (e.g., OsOAT for Pro, OsDIAT for BCAAs), while suppressing catabolism (e.g., OsProDH knockout) or engineering AA transporters (AATs) (e.g., ABA-induced OsANT1 for amino acids redistribution) enhances tolerance. Integrated AA biosynthetic, catabolic, and transport pathways collectively maintain cellular function under stress. These insights enable practical strategies: exogenous AA treatments (e.g., Pro, GABA) mitigate stress damage, while breeding/engineering (e.g., OsAAP3, OsAAP11, and OsProDH knockout) develops high-yield, high-quality, and stress-tolerant rice. Future work should translate molecular insights into field applications, addressing trade-offs between growth, nutrition, and tolerance to enhance climate-resilient rice production. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1d69c015af2041c0a264e79751e4740a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1939-8425 1939-8433 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
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| series | Rice |
| spelling | doaj-art-1d69c015af2041c0a264e79751e4740a2025-08-20T03:46:24ZengSpringerOpenRice1939-84251939-84332025-07-0118111510.1186/s12284-025-00829-wAmino Acid Regulation in Rice: Integrated Mechanisms and Agricultural ApplicationsHangfei Luo0Bowen Wu1Bakht Amin2Jiaxu Li3Zhongbo Chen4Jian Shi5Weiting Huang6Zhongming Fang7Institute of Rice Industry Technology Research, Key Laboratory of Functional Agriculture of Guizhou Provincial Higher Education Institutions, Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding for Grain and Oil Crops in Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Agricultural Sciences, Guizhou UniversityInstitute of Rice Industry Technology Research, Key Laboratory of Functional Agriculture of Guizhou Provincial Higher Education Institutions, Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding for Grain and Oil Crops in Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Agricultural Sciences, Guizhou UniversityInstitute of Rice Industry Technology Research, Key Laboratory of Functional Agriculture of Guizhou Provincial Higher Education Institutions, Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding for Grain and Oil Crops in Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Agricultural Sciences, Guizhou UniversityInstitute of Rice Industry Technology Research, Key Laboratory of Functional Agriculture of Guizhou Provincial Higher Education Institutions, Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding for Grain and Oil Crops in Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Agricultural Sciences, Guizhou UniversityInstitute of Rice Industry Technology Research, Key Laboratory of Functional Agriculture of Guizhou Provincial Higher Education Institutions, Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding for Grain and Oil Crops in Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Agricultural Sciences, Guizhou UniversityInstitute of Rice Industry Technology Research, Key Laboratory of Functional Agriculture of Guizhou Provincial Higher Education Institutions, Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding for Grain and Oil Crops in Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Agricultural Sciences, Guizhou UniversityInstitute of Rice Industry Technology Research, Key Laboratory of Functional Agriculture of Guizhou Provincial Higher Education Institutions, Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding for Grain and Oil Crops in Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Agricultural Sciences, Guizhou UniversityInstitute of Rice Industry Technology Research, Key Laboratory of Functional Agriculture of Guizhou Provincial Higher Education Institutions, Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding for Grain and Oil Crops in Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Agricultural Sciences, Guizhou UniversityAbstract This review synthesizes how amino acid (AA) metabolism regulates rice stress tolerance, growth and quality through stress protection and growth-modulating pathways, bridging mechanisms to field applications. Under abiotic stresses, rice accumulates specific AAs—notably proline (Pro), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and branched-chain AAs (BCAAs)—as osmoprotectants and antioxidants, correlating strongly with stress tolerance. Genetic evidence establishes causality: overexpression of biosynthetic genes (e.g., OsOAT for Pro, OsDIAT for BCAAs), while suppressing catabolism (e.g., OsProDH knockout) or engineering AA transporters (AATs) (e.g., ABA-induced OsANT1 for amino acids redistribution) enhances tolerance. Integrated AA biosynthetic, catabolic, and transport pathways collectively maintain cellular function under stress. These insights enable practical strategies: exogenous AA treatments (e.g., Pro, GABA) mitigate stress damage, while breeding/engineering (e.g., OsAAP3, OsAAP11, and OsProDH knockout) develops high-yield, high-quality, and stress-tolerant rice. Future work should translate molecular insights into field applications, addressing trade-offs between growth, nutrition, and tolerance to enhance climate-resilient rice production.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00829-wAmino AcidStress ToleranceGenetic EngineeringTransportersAgricultural BiotechnologyRice |
| spellingShingle | Hangfei Luo Bowen Wu Bakht Amin Jiaxu Li Zhongbo Chen Jian Shi Weiting Huang Zhongming Fang Amino Acid Regulation in Rice: Integrated Mechanisms and Agricultural Applications Rice Amino Acid Stress Tolerance Genetic Engineering Transporters Agricultural Biotechnology Rice |
| title | Amino Acid Regulation in Rice: Integrated Mechanisms and Agricultural Applications |
| title_full | Amino Acid Regulation in Rice: Integrated Mechanisms and Agricultural Applications |
| title_fullStr | Amino Acid Regulation in Rice: Integrated Mechanisms and Agricultural Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Amino Acid Regulation in Rice: Integrated Mechanisms and Agricultural Applications |
| title_short | Amino Acid Regulation in Rice: Integrated Mechanisms and Agricultural Applications |
| title_sort | amino acid regulation in rice integrated mechanisms and agricultural applications |
| topic | Amino Acid Stress Tolerance Genetic Engineering Transporters Agricultural Biotechnology Rice |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-025-00829-w |
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