Gene ontology defines pre-post- hatch energy dynamics in the complexus muscle of broiler chickens

Abstract Background Chicken embryos emerge from their shell by the piercing movement of the hatching muscle. Although considered a key player during hatching, with activity that imposes a substantial metabolic demand, data are still limited. The study provides a bioenergetic and transcriptomic analy...

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Main Authors: Jonathan Dayan, Zehava Uni
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-12-01
Series:BMC Genomics
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-11103-6
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author Jonathan Dayan
Zehava Uni
author_facet Jonathan Dayan
Zehava Uni
author_sort Jonathan Dayan
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Chicken embryos emerge from their shell by the piercing movement of the hatching muscle. Although considered a key player during hatching, with activity that imposes a substantial metabolic demand, data are still limited. The study provides a bioenergetic and transcriptomic analyses during the pre-post-hatching period. Methods Weight and morphology alongside content determination of creatine and glycogen were analysed. Transcriptome identified differentially expressed genes and enriched biological processes associated with hatching muscle development, catabolism, and energy provision. Using gene set enrichment, we followed the dynamics of gene-sets involved in energy pathways of oxidative phosphorylation, protein catabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and glycogen metabolism. Results Results show several significant findings: (A) Creatine plays a crucial role in the energy metabolism of the hatching muscle, with its concentration remaining stable while glycogen concentration is depleted at hatch and placement. (B) The hatching muscle has the capacity for de-novo creatine synthesis, as indicated by the expression of related genes (AGAT, GAMT). (C) Transcriptome provided insights into genes related to energy pathways under conditions of pre-hatch oxygen and post-hatch glucose limitations (oxidative phosphorylation: NDUF, MT-ND, SDH, UQCR, COX, MT-CO, ATP5, MT-ATP; glycolysis/gluconeogenesis: FBP,G6PC, PFKM; glycogen metabolism: PPP1, PYGL, GYG1). (D) The post-hatch upregulation of protein catabolic processes genes (PSMA, RNF, UBE, FBX), which align with the muscle's weight dynamics, indicates a functional shift from movement during hatching to lifting the head during feeding. Conclusions There is a dynamic metabolic switch in the hatching muscle during embryo-to-hatchling transition. When glycogen concentration depletes, energy supply is maintained by creatine and its de-novo synthesis. Understanding the hatching muscle's energy dynamics is crucial, for reducing hatching failures in endangered avian species, and in domesticated chickens.
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spelling doaj-art-1d57b8fef0194043ada679efccca38882025-08-20T02:31:04ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642024-12-0125111110.1186/s12864-024-11103-6Gene ontology defines pre-post- hatch energy dynamics in the complexus muscle of broiler chickensJonathan Dayan0Zehava Uni1Department of Animal Science, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of JerusalemDepartment of Animal Science, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of JerusalemAbstract Background Chicken embryos emerge from their shell by the piercing movement of the hatching muscle. Although considered a key player during hatching, with activity that imposes a substantial metabolic demand, data are still limited. The study provides a bioenergetic and transcriptomic analyses during the pre-post-hatching period. Methods Weight and morphology alongside content determination of creatine and glycogen were analysed. Transcriptome identified differentially expressed genes and enriched biological processes associated with hatching muscle development, catabolism, and energy provision. Using gene set enrichment, we followed the dynamics of gene-sets involved in energy pathways of oxidative phosphorylation, protein catabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and glycogen metabolism. Results Results show several significant findings: (A) Creatine plays a crucial role in the energy metabolism of the hatching muscle, with its concentration remaining stable while glycogen concentration is depleted at hatch and placement. (B) The hatching muscle has the capacity for de-novo creatine synthesis, as indicated by the expression of related genes (AGAT, GAMT). (C) Transcriptome provided insights into genes related to energy pathways under conditions of pre-hatch oxygen and post-hatch glucose limitations (oxidative phosphorylation: NDUF, MT-ND, SDH, UQCR, COX, MT-CO, ATP5, MT-ATP; glycolysis/gluconeogenesis: FBP,G6PC, PFKM; glycogen metabolism: PPP1, PYGL, GYG1). (D) The post-hatch upregulation of protein catabolic processes genes (PSMA, RNF, UBE, FBX), which align with the muscle's weight dynamics, indicates a functional shift from movement during hatching to lifting the head during feeding. Conclusions There is a dynamic metabolic switch in the hatching muscle during embryo-to-hatchling transition. When glycogen concentration depletes, energy supply is maintained by creatine and its de-novo synthesis. Understanding the hatching muscle's energy dynamics is crucial, for reducing hatching failures in endangered avian species, and in domesticated chickens.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-11103-6Hatching MusclePipping MuscleEmbryoHatching chickMars-seqCreatine
spellingShingle Jonathan Dayan
Zehava Uni
Gene ontology defines pre-post- hatch energy dynamics in the complexus muscle of broiler chickens
BMC Genomics
Hatching Muscle
Pipping Muscle
Embryo
Hatching chick
Mars-seq
Creatine
title Gene ontology defines pre-post- hatch energy dynamics in the complexus muscle of broiler chickens
title_full Gene ontology defines pre-post- hatch energy dynamics in the complexus muscle of broiler chickens
title_fullStr Gene ontology defines pre-post- hatch energy dynamics in the complexus muscle of broiler chickens
title_full_unstemmed Gene ontology defines pre-post- hatch energy dynamics in the complexus muscle of broiler chickens
title_short Gene ontology defines pre-post- hatch energy dynamics in the complexus muscle of broiler chickens
title_sort gene ontology defines pre post hatch energy dynamics in the complexus muscle of broiler chickens
topic Hatching Muscle
Pipping Muscle
Embryo
Hatching chick
Mars-seq
Creatine
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-11103-6
work_keys_str_mv AT jonathandayan geneontologydefinespreposthatchenergydynamicsinthecomplexusmuscleofbroilerchickens
AT zehavauni geneontologydefinespreposthatchenergydynamicsinthecomplexusmuscleofbroilerchickens