Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp.
Ramalina sp. (Ramalinaceae) is a type of lichen known to contain many active secondary metabolite compounds that have the potential to be used as medicine or medicinal raw materials. One of the biological activities possessed by Ramalina sp. lichen is its anticancer activity. This research aims to i...
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University of Brawijaya
2024-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Tropical Life Science |
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| Online Access: | https://jtrolis.ub.ac.id/index.php/jtrolis/article/view/3142 |
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| author | Akhmad Darmawan Maulidiyah Megawati Novita Ariani Sitti Aisya Sukirno Ahmad Randy Gian Primahana Medi Hendra Muhammad Nurdin |
| author_facet | Akhmad Darmawan Maulidiyah Megawati Novita Ariani Sitti Aisya Sukirno Ahmad Randy Gian Primahana Medi Hendra Muhammad Nurdin |
| author_sort | Akhmad Darmawan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ramalina sp. (Ramalinaceae) is a type of lichen known to contain many active secondary metabolite compounds that have the potential to be used as medicine or medicinal raw materials. One of the biological activities possessed by Ramalina sp. lichen is its anticancer activity. This research aims to isolate and identify active secondary metabolite compounds from the methanol extract of the Ramalina sp. lichen and to find out the cytotoxic activity of the isolated compound against MCF7 breast cancer cells. Compound 1 (usnic acid) was successfully isolated from fraction A. The isolation and purification process was carried out starting with a maceration process using acetone solvent, followed by silica gel column chromatography using a gradient solvent system consisting of n-hexane, n-hexane:EtOAc, EtOAc, EtOAc:MeOH, and MeOH with 5% increment of polarity to obtain 17 fractions (F-1 to F-17). From the 17 fractions obtained, fraction 3 (F-3) and fraction 4 (F-4) (eluted with n-hexane:EtOAc 30%), which had the same TLC profile, were combined and named as fraction A. Compound 1 (50 mg) is a yellow needle crystal that was formed in a bottle of fraction A, which was obtained after the process of combining fractions F-3 and F-4 and solvent evaporation process. The crystals were then separated and purified with CHCl3 and MeOH. Compound 1 was then characterized based on spectroscopic data. Various spectroscopic analysis data, including FTIR, 1D- and 2D-NMR, and LC-ESI-MS, show that Compound 1 is a dibenzofuran derivative compound with 18 carbons (3 from carbonyl groups (C=O) and 3 from methyl groups) and 2 hydroxyl (-OH). Cytotoxicity assay showed that at a low concentration of 18.75 ug/mL, Compound 1 caused a 67.06% decrease in MCF7 viability |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1d3c1d924d5f4ac0bb3f3d8ea75dab37 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2087-5517 2527-4376 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-07-01 |
| publisher | University of Brawijaya |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Tropical Life Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-1d3c1d924d5f4ac0bb3f3d8ea75dab372025-08-20T02:38:50ZengUniversity of BrawijayaJournal of Tropical Life Science2087-55172527-43762024-07-01142349 – 356349 – 35610.11594/jtls.14.02.143087Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp.Akhmad Darmawan0Maulidiyah1Megawati2Novita Ariani3Sitti Aisya4Sukirno5Ahmad Randy6Gian Primahana7Medi Hendra8Muhammad Nurdin9Research Center for Drug Ingredients and Traditional Medicine-BRINDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Life Science Halu Oleo UniversityResearch Center for Drug Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN)Research Center for Chemistry, Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN)Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Life Science Halu Oleo UniversityResearch Center for Drug Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN)Research Center for Drug Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN)Research Center for Drug Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN)Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Life Science Mulawarman UniversityDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Life Science Halu Oleo UniversityRamalina sp. (Ramalinaceae) is a type of lichen known to contain many active secondary metabolite compounds that have the potential to be used as medicine or medicinal raw materials. One of the biological activities possessed by Ramalina sp. lichen is its anticancer activity. This research aims to isolate and identify active secondary metabolite compounds from the methanol extract of the Ramalina sp. lichen and to find out the cytotoxic activity of the isolated compound against MCF7 breast cancer cells. Compound 1 (usnic acid) was successfully isolated from fraction A. The isolation and purification process was carried out starting with a maceration process using acetone solvent, followed by silica gel column chromatography using a gradient solvent system consisting of n-hexane, n-hexane:EtOAc, EtOAc, EtOAc:MeOH, and MeOH with 5% increment of polarity to obtain 17 fractions (F-1 to F-17). From the 17 fractions obtained, fraction 3 (F-3) and fraction 4 (F-4) (eluted with n-hexane:EtOAc 30%), which had the same TLC profile, were combined and named as fraction A. Compound 1 (50 mg) is a yellow needle crystal that was formed in a bottle of fraction A, which was obtained after the process of combining fractions F-3 and F-4 and solvent evaporation process. The crystals were then separated and purified with CHCl3 and MeOH. Compound 1 was then characterized based on spectroscopic data. Various spectroscopic analysis data, including FTIR, 1D- and 2D-NMR, and LC-ESI-MS, show that Compound 1 is a dibenzofuran derivative compound with 18 carbons (3 from carbonyl groups (C=O) and 3 from methyl groups) and 2 hydroxyl (-OH). Cytotoxicity assay showed that at a low concentration of 18.75 ug/mL, Compound 1 caused a 67.06% decrease in MCF7 viabilityhttps://jtrolis.ub.ac.id/index.php/jtrolis/article/view/3142cytotoxicity ftirlc-esi-msnmrramalina sp usnic acid |
| spellingShingle | Akhmad Darmawan Maulidiyah Megawati Novita Ariani Sitti Aisya Sukirno Ahmad Randy Gian Primahana Medi Hendra Muhammad Nurdin Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp. Journal of Tropical Life Science cytotoxicity ftir lc-esi-ms nmr ramalina sp usnic acid |
| title | Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp. |
| title_full | Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp. |
| title_fullStr | Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp. |
| title_short | Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp. |
| title_sort | cytotoxic of usnic acid isolated from ramalina sp |
| topic | cytotoxicity ftir lc-esi-ms nmr ramalina sp usnic acid |
| url | https://jtrolis.ub.ac.id/index.php/jtrolis/article/view/3142 |
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