Unraveling metabolic signatures in SARS-CoV-2 variant infections using multiomics analysis

IntroductionThe emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, notably delta and omicron, has significantly accelerated the global pandemic, worsening conditions worldwide. However, there is a lack of research concerning the molecular mechanisms related to immune...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sunho Lee, Jueun Lee, Kwang-Soo Lyoo, Yourim Shin, Dong-Min Shin, Jun-Won Kim, Jeong-Sun Yang, Kyung-Chang Kim, Joo-Yeon Lee, Geum-Sook Hwang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2024-12-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1473895/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850285288354480128
author Sunho Lee
Sunho Lee
Jueun Lee
Kwang-Soo Lyoo
Yourim Shin
Yourim Shin
Dong-Min Shin
Jun-Won Kim
Jeong-Sun Yang
Kyung-Chang Kim
Joo-Yeon Lee
Geum-Sook Hwang
Geum-Sook Hwang
author_facet Sunho Lee
Sunho Lee
Jueun Lee
Kwang-Soo Lyoo
Yourim Shin
Yourim Shin
Dong-Min Shin
Jun-Won Kim
Jeong-Sun Yang
Kyung-Chang Kim
Joo-Yeon Lee
Geum-Sook Hwang
Geum-Sook Hwang
author_sort Sunho Lee
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionThe emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, notably delta and omicron, has significantly accelerated the global pandemic, worsening conditions worldwide. However, there is a lack of research concerning the molecular mechanisms related to immune responses and metabolism induced by these variants. MethodsHere, metabolomics combined with transcriptomics was performed to elucidate the immunometabolic changes in the lung of hamsters infected with delta and omicron variants.ResultsBoth variants caused acute inflammation and lung pathology in intranasally infected hamsters. Principal component analysis uncovered the delta variant significantly altered lung metabolite levels between the pre- and post-infection states. Additionally, metabolic pathways determined by assessment of metabolites and genes in lung revealed significant alterations in arginine biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, and tryptophan metabolism upon infection with both variants and closely linked to inflammatory cytokines, indicating immune activation and oxidative stress in response to both variants. These metabolic changes were also evident in the serum, validating the presence of systemic alterations corresponding to those identified in lung. Notably, the delta variant induced a more robust metabolic regulation than the omicron variant. DiscussionThe study suggests that multi-omics is a valuable approach for understanding immunometabolic responses to infectious diseases, and providing insights for effective treatment strategies.
format Article
id doaj-art-1d2cf9cff9d64500a8aeafe8c10ba2de
institution OA Journals
issn 1664-3224
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Immunology
spelling doaj-art-1d2cf9cff9d64500a8aeafe8c10ba2de2025-08-20T01:47:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242024-12-011510.3389/fimmu.2024.14738951473895Unraveling metabolic signatures in SARS-CoV-2 variant infections using multiomics analysisSunho Lee0Sunho Lee1Jueun Lee2Kwang-Soo Lyoo3Yourim Shin4Yourim Shin5Dong-Min Shin6Jun-Won Kim7Jeong-Sun Yang8Kyung-Chang Kim9Joo-Yeon Lee10Geum-Sook Hwang11Geum-Sook Hwang12Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Metropolitan Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of KoreaGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaIntegrated Metabolomics Research Group, Metropolitan Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of KoreaCollege of Health Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of KoreaIntegrated Metabolomics Research Group, Metropolitan Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of KoreaGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaBioinformatics Department, Theragen Bio, Seongnam, Republic of KoreaNational Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of KoreaNational Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of KoreaNational Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of KoreaNational Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of KoreaIntegrated Metabolomics Research Group, Metropolitan Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of KoreaCollege of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaIntroductionThe emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, notably delta and omicron, has significantly accelerated the global pandemic, worsening conditions worldwide. However, there is a lack of research concerning the molecular mechanisms related to immune responses and metabolism induced by these variants. MethodsHere, metabolomics combined with transcriptomics was performed to elucidate the immunometabolic changes in the lung of hamsters infected with delta and omicron variants.ResultsBoth variants caused acute inflammation and lung pathology in intranasally infected hamsters. Principal component analysis uncovered the delta variant significantly altered lung metabolite levels between the pre- and post-infection states. Additionally, metabolic pathways determined by assessment of metabolites and genes in lung revealed significant alterations in arginine biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, and tryptophan metabolism upon infection with both variants and closely linked to inflammatory cytokines, indicating immune activation and oxidative stress in response to both variants. These metabolic changes were also evident in the serum, validating the presence of systemic alterations corresponding to those identified in lung. Notably, the delta variant induced a more robust metabolic regulation than the omicron variant. DiscussionThe study suggests that multi-omics is a valuable approach for understanding immunometabolic responses to infectious diseases, and providing insights for effective treatment strategies.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1473895/fullSARS-CoV-2metabolomicstranscriptomicsmetabolic pathwayimmune response
spellingShingle Sunho Lee
Sunho Lee
Jueun Lee
Kwang-Soo Lyoo
Yourim Shin
Yourim Shin
Dong-Min Shin
Jun-Won Kim
Jeong-Sun Yang
Kyung-Chang Kim
Joo-Yeon Lee
Geum-Sook Hwang
Geum-Sook Hwang
Unraveling metabolic signatures in SARS-CoV-2 variant infections using multiomics analysis
Frontiers in Immunology
SARS-CoV-2
metabolomics
transcriptomics
metabolic pathway
immune response
title Unraveling metabolic signatures in SARS-CoV-2 variant infections using multiomics analysis
title_full Unraveling metabolic signatures in SARS-CoV-2 variant infections using multiomics analysis
title_fullStr Unraveling metabolic signatures in SARS-CoV-2 variant infections using multiomics analysis
title_full_unstemmed Unraveling metabolic signatures in SARS-CoV-2 variant infections using multiomics analysis
title_short Unraveling metabolic signatures in SARS-CoV-2 variant infections using multiomics analysis
title_sort unraveling metabolic signatures in sars cov 2 variant infections using multiomics analysis
topic SARS-CoV-2
metabolomics
transcriptomics
metabolic pathway
immune response
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1473895/full
work_keys_str_mv AT sunholee unravelingmetabolicsignaturesinsarscov2variantinfectionsusingmultiomicsanalysis
AT sunholee unravelingmetabolicsignaturesinsarscov2variantinfectionsusingmultiomicsanalysis
AT jueunlee unravelingmetabolicsignaturesinsarscov2variantinfectionsusingmultiomicsanalysis
AT kwangsoolyoo unravelingmetabolicsignaturesinsarscov2variantinfectionsusingmultiomicsanalysis
AT yourimshin unravelingmetabolicsignaturesinsarscov2variantinfectionsusingmultiomicsanalysis
AT yourimshin unravelingmetabolicsignaturesinsarscov2variantinfectionsusingmultiomicsanalysis
AT dongminshin unravelingmetabolicsignaturesinsarscov2variantinfectionsusingmultiomicsanalysis
AT junwonkim unravelingmetabolicsignaturesinsarscov2variantinfectionsusingmultiomicsanalysis
AT jeongsunyang unravelingmetabolicsignaturesinsarscov2variantinfectionsusingmultiomicsanalysis
AT kyungchangkim unravelingmetabolicsignaturesinsarscov2variantinfectionsusingmultiomicsanalysis
AT jooyeonlee unravelingmetabolicsignaturesinsarscov2variantinfectionsusingmultiomicsanalysis
AT geumsookhwang unravelingmetabolicsignaturesinsarscov2variantinfectionsusingmultiomicsanalysis
AT geumsookhwang unravelingmetabolicsignaturesinsarscov2variantinfectionsusingmultiomicsanalysis