Free-space Coupled Superconducting Nanostrip Single Photon Detector System based on GM Cryocooler
【Objective】This study aims to design and implement a free-space-coupled Superconducting Nanostrip Single Photon Detector (SNSPD) system based on a Gifford-McMahon (GM) cryocooler, addressing the limitations of traditional fiber-coupled systems in near/mid-infrared bands and polarization-sensitive ap...
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| Format: | Article |
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《光通信研究》编辑部
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Guangtongxin yanjiu |
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| Online Access: | http://www.gtxyj.com.cn/thesisDetails#10.13756/j.gtxyj.2025.250083 |
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| author | JU Zhiping QIN Jian MA Ruoyan JIANG Yanyang WANG Minjie YE Dapeng XU Guangzhao XING Junjie XIAO You LI Hao SHI Jinghao YOU Lixing LÜ Chaolin |
| author_facet | JU Zhiping QIN Jian MA Ruoyan JIANG Yanyang WANG Minjie YE Dapeng XU Guangzhao XING Junjie XIAO You LI Hao SHI Jinghao YOU Lixing LÜ Chaolin |
| author_sort | JU Zhiping |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | 【Objective】This study aims to design and implement a free-space-coupled Superconducting Nanostrip Single Photon Detector (SNSPD) system based on a Gifford-McMahon (GM) cryocooler, addressing the limitations of traditional fiber-coupled systems in near/mid-infrared bands and polarization-sensitive applications, and thereby expanding the application scenarios of SNSPDs.【Methods】The paper focuses on addressing several key technical issues, including the design of low-vibration constant-temperature cavities, the preparation of SNSPD devices in high-temperature zones, and the design of filtering optical paths across temperature zones. Specifically, the low-vibration cryostat, combined with gas exchange chambers and bellows flexible connection technology, effectively suppresses the vibration transmission from the refrigerator. The SNSPD chip achieves high detection efficiency in the 4.2 K temperature zone by adjusting and optimizing the growth parameters of the disordered Niobium Titanium Nitride (NbTiN) thin film. The cross-temperature-zone filtering optical path successfully suppresses environmental stray light and blackbody radiation by using a combination of various commercial filter plates and oxidation-blackening treatment of the packaging box.【Results】The low-vibration refrigerator can reach a lowest temperature of 3.45 K, and can be stabilized at 3.75 K for a long time. The peak-to-peak value of the vibration amplitude is less than 4 μm. The optical alignment efficiency is close to 90%, and the System Detection Efficiency (SDE) can reach 50% at the lowest temperature. At this time, the Dark Count Rate (DCR) of the system is 70 cps.【Conclusion】This study successfully developed a GM cryocooler-based free-space-coupled SNSPD system, overcoming the technical limitations of traditional fiber-coupled systems in specific applications. The system exhibits excellent wavelength versatility, flexible signal-light coupling tunability, and superior polarization-maintaining performance. Future optimization of operating temperature, device fabrication processes, and customized filter design is expected to achieve higher SDE and lower DCR. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1cfcec883c9445948834aacc1bcc5e37 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1005-8788 |
| language | zho |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | 《光通信研究》编辑部 |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Guangtongxin yanjiu |
| spelling | doaj-art-1cfcec883c9445948834aacc1bcc5e372025-08-20T02:36:45Zzho《光通信研究》编辑部Guangtongxin yanjiu1005-87882025-06-01250083-06111126676Free-space Coupled Superconducting Nanostrip Single Photon Detector System based on GM CryocoolerJU ZhipingQIN JianMA RuoyanJIANG YanyangWANG MinjieYE DapengXU GuangzhaoXING JunjieXIAO YouLI HaoSHI JinghaoYOU LixingLÜ Chaolin【Objective】This study aims to design and implement a free-space-coupled Superconducting Nanostrip Single Photon Detector (SNSPD) system based on a Gifford-McMahon (GM) cryocooler, addressing the limitations of traditional fiber-coupled systems in near/mid-infrared bands and polarization-sensitive applications, and thereby expanding the application scenarios of SNSPDs.【Methods】The paper focuses on addressing several key technical issues, including the design of low-vibration constant-temperature cavities, the preparation of SNSPD devices in high-temperature zones, and the design of filtering optical paths across temperature zones. Specifically, the low-vibration cryostat, combined with gas exchange chambers and bellows flexible connection technology, effectively suppresses the vibration transmission from the refrigerator. The SNSPD chip achieves high detection efficiency in the 4.2 K temperature zone by adjusting and optimizing the growth parameters of the disordered Niobium Titanium Nitride (NbTiN) thin film. The cross-temperature-zone filtering optical path successfully suppresses environmental stray light and blackbody radiation by using a combination of various commercial filter plates and oxidation-blackening treatment of the packaging box.【Results】The low-vibration refrigerator can reach a lowest temperature of 3.45 K, and can be stabilized at 3.75 K for a long time. The peak-to-peak value of the vibration amplitude is less than 4 μm. The optical alignment efficiency is close to 90%, and the System Detection Efficiency (SDE) can reach 50% at the lowest temperature. At this time, the Dark Count Rate (DCR) of the system is 70 cps.【Conclusion】This study successfully developed a GM cryocooler-based free-space-coupled SNSPD system, overcoming the technical limitations of traditional fiber-coupled systems in specific applications. The system exhibits excellent wavelength versatility, flexible signal-light coupling tunability, and superior polarization-maintaining performance. Future optimization of operating temperature, device fabrication processes, and customized filter design is expected to achieve higher SDE and lower DCR.http://www.gtxyj.com.cn/thesisDetails#10.13756/j.gtxyj.2025.250083free-space-couplingSNSPDlow vibrationGM cryocooler |
| spellingShingle | JU Zhiping QIN Jian MA Ruoyan JIANG Yanyang WANG Minjie YE Dapeng XU Guangzhao XING Junjie XIAO You LI Hao SHI Jinghao YOU Lixing LÜ Chaolin Free-space Coupled Superconducting Nanostrip Single Photon Detector System based on GM Cryocooler Guangtongxin yanjiu free-space-coupling SNSPD low vibration GM cryocooler |
| title | Free-space Coupled Superconducting Nanostrip Single Photon Detector System based on GM Cryocooler |
| title_full | Free-space Coupled Superconducting Nanostrip Single Photon Detector System based on GM Cryocooler |
| title_fullStr | Free-space Coupled Superconducting Nanostrip Single Photon Detector System based on GM Cryocooler |
| title_full_unstemmed | Free-space Coupled Superconducting Nanostrip Single Photon Detector System based on GM Cryocooler |
| title_short | Free-space Coupled Superconducting Nanostrip Single Photon Detector System based on GM Cryocooler |
| title_sort | free space coupled superconducting nanostrip single photon detector system based on gm cryocooler |
| topic | free-space-coupling SNSPD low vibration GM cryocooler |
| url | http://www.gtxyj.com.cn/thesisDetails#10.13756/j.gtxyj.2025.250083 |
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