Structural Characterization and Anti-Gouty Nephropathy Potential of Polysaccharides from <i>Atractylodes chinensis</i>
Polysaccharides derived from <i>Atractylodes chinensis</i> (DC.) Koidz. (ACP), a traditional Chinese medicine, were extracted and analyzed for their structural characteristics and anti-gouty nephropathy (GN) activity. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into six groups: control, model,...
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2025-02-01
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| author | Xue Chen Ruipu Jia Kai Zhang Shiqing Sun Mei Mei Hong Zhao Yu Shen Yuliang Wang Yu Zhang |
| author_facet | Xue Chen Ruipu Jia Kai Zhang Shiqing Sun Mei Mei Hong Zhao Yu Shen Yuliang Wang Yu Zhang |
| author_sort | Xue Chen |
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| description | Polysaccharides derived from <i>Atractylodes chinensis</i> (DC.) Koidz. (ACP), a traditional Chinese medicine, were extracted and analyzed for their structural characteristics and anti-gouty nephropathy (GN) activity. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into six groups: control, model, positive control, and three treatment groups (ACP-60-L, ACP-60-M, and ACP-60-H). Treatment significantly reduced inflammatory responses and renal damage, as evidenced by decreased levels of uric acid (UA), creatinine (Cr), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), alongside modulation of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) expression in renal tissues. ACP-60 was fractionated into three polysaccharides, including ACP-60-A (Mw 9.18 kDa), ACP-60-B (Mw 58.21 kDa), and ACP-60-C (Mw 109.01 kDa) using DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography. Monosaccharide analysis revealed that ACP-60-A predominantly comprised fructose (Fru) and glucose (Glc), ACP-60-B contained rhamnose (Rha), galactose (Gal), Fru, and mannose (Man), and ACP-60-C included Man, Gal, Rha and xylose (Xyl). In vitro studies using HK-2 cells confirmed the anti-GN activity of all three fractions, with ACP-60-A demonstrating the highest efficacy. Structural elucidation of ACP-60-A identified its main glycosidic linkages as a →1)-β-Fru<i>f</i>-(2→ backbone with α-Glc<i>p</i>-(1→ and β-Fru<i>f</i>-(2→ branches. The underlying mechanism of ACP-60-A’s anti-GN activity is associated with inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway, suppression of downstream inflammatory factor release, and downregulation of NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1 protein expression. Further studies demonstrated that the superior activity of ACP-60-A is attributable to its lower molecular weight, specific monosaccharide composition, and unique glycosidic bond arrangement. ACP-60-A shows potential for increased anti-GN efficacy through purification or modification, laying the groundwork for developing novel therapeutic agents for GN. |
| format | Article |
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| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-1ce8e04a215e4fc49c9bafc8ea5355c42025-08-20T02:03:28ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-02-0130475710.3390/molecules30040757Structural Characterization and Anti-Gouty Nephropathy Potential of Polysaccharides from <i>Atractylodes chinensis</i>Xue Chen0Ruipu Jia1Kai Zhang2Shiqing Sun3Mei Mei4Hong Zhao5Yu Shen6Yuliang Wang7Yu Zhang8College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, ChinaSchool of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, ChinaSchool of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, ChinaSchool of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, ChinaPolysaccharides derived from <i>Atractylodes chinensis</i> (DC.) Koidz. (ACP), a traditional Chinese medicine, were extracted and analyzed for their structural characteristics and anti-gouty nephropathy (GN) activity. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into six groups: control, model, positive control, and three treatment groups (ACP-60-L, ACP-60-M, and ACP-60-H). Treatment significantly reduced inflammatory responses and renal damage, as evidenced by decreased levels of uric acid (UA), creatinine (Cr), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), alongside modulation of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) expression in renal tissues. ACP-60 was fractionated into three polysaccharides, including ACP-60-A (Mw 9.18 kDa), ACP-60-B (Mw 58.21 kDa), and ACP-60-C (Mw 109.01 kDa) using DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography. Monosaccharide analysis revealed that ACP-60-A predominantly comprised fructose (Fru) and glucose (Glc), ACP-60-B contained rhamnose (Rha), galactose (Gal), Fru, and mannose (Man), and ACP-60-C included Man, Gal, Rha and xylose (Xyl). In vitro studies using HK-2 cells confirmed the anti-GN activity of all three fractions, with ACP-60-A demonstrating the highest efficacy. Structural elucidation of ACP-60-A identified its main glycosidic linkages as a →1)-β-Fru<i>f</i>-(2→ backbone with α-Glc<i>p</i>-(1→ and β-Fru<i>f</i>-(2→ branches. The underlying mechanism of ACP-60-A’s anti-GN activity is associated with inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway, suppression of downstream inflammatory factor release, and downregulation of NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1 protein expression. Further studies demonstrated that the superior activity of ACP-60-A is attributable to its lower molecular weight, specific monosaccharide composition, and unique glycosidic bond arrangement. ACP-60-A shows potential for increased anti-GN efficacy through purification or modification, laying the groundwork for developing novel therapeutic agents for GN.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/4/757<i>Atractylodes chinensis</i> (DC.) Koidz.gouty nephropathypolysaccharideNLRP3structural characterization |
| spellingShingle | Xue Chen Ruipu Jia Kai Zhang Shiqing Sun Mei Mei Hong Zhao Yu Shen Yuliang Wang Yu Zhang Structural Characterization and Anti-Gouty Nephropathy Potential of Polysaccharides from <i>Atractylodes chinensis</i> Molecules <i>Atractylodes chinensis</i> (DC.) Koidz. gouty nephropathy polysaccharide NLRP3 structural characterization |
| title | Structural Characterization and Anti-Gouty Nephropathy Potential of Polysaccharides from <i>Atractylodes chinensis</i> |
| title_full | Structural Characterization and Anti-Gouty Nephropathy Potential of Polysaccharides from <i>Atractylodes chinensis</i> |
| title_fullStr | Structural Characterization and Anti-Gouty Nephropathy Potential of Polysaccharides from <i>Atractylodes chinensis</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Structural Characterization and Anti-Gouty Nephropathy Potential of Polysaccharides from <i>Atractylodes chinensis</i> |
| title_short | Structural Characterization and Anti-Gouty Nephropathy Potential of Polysaccharides from <i>Atractylodes chinensis</i> |
| title_sort | structural characterization and anti gouty nephropathy potential of polysaccharides from i atractylodes chinensis i |
| topic | <i>Atractylodes chinensis</i> (DC.) Koidz. gouty nephropathy polysaccharide NLRP3 structural characterization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/4/757 |
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