MicroRNA Regulation of Brain Tumour Initiating Cells in Central Nervous System Tumours

CNS tumours occur in both pediatric and adult patients and many of these tumours are associated with poor clinical outcome. Due to a paradigm shift in thinking for the last several years, these tumours are now considered to originate from a small population of stem-like cells within the bulk tumour...

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Main Authors: Neha Garg, Thusyanth Vijayakumar, David Bakhshinyan, Chitra Venugopal, Sheila K. Singh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2015-01-01
Series:Stem Cells International
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/141793
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author Neha Garg
Thusyanth Vijayakumar
David Bakhshinyan
Chitra Venugopal
Sheila K. Singh
author_facet Neha Garg
Thusyanth Vijayakumar
David Bakhshinyan
Chitra Venugopal
Sheila K. Singh
author_sort Neha Garg
collection DOAJ
description CNS tumours occur in both pediatric and adult patients and many of these tumours are associated with poor clinical outcome. Due to a paradigm shift in thinking for the last several years, these tumours are now considered to originate from a small population of stem-like cells within the bulk tumour tissue. These cells, termed as brain tumour initiating cells (BTICs), are perceived to be regulated by microRNAs at the posttranscriptional/translational levels. Proliferation, stemness, differentiation, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, apoptosis, and cell cycle constitute some of the significant processes modulated by microRNAs in cancer initiation and progression. Characterization and functional studies on oncogenic or tumour suppressive microRNAs are made possible because of developments in sequencing and microarray techniques. In the current review, we bring recent knowledge of the role of microRNAs in BTIC formation and therapy. Special attention is paid to two highly aggressive and well-characterized brain tumours: gliomas and medulloblastoma. As microRNA seems to be altered in the pathogenesis of many human diseases, “microRNA therapy” may now have potential to improve outcomes for brain tumour patients. In this rapidly evolving field, further understanding of miRNA biology and its contribution towards cancer can be mined for new therapeutic tools.
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spelling doaj-art-1cb57c012a4143a3969a0fa83d2067f82025-08-20T03:54:51ZengWileyStem Cells International1687-966X1687-96782015-01-01201510.1155/2015/141793141793MicroRNA Regulation of Brain Tumour Initiating Cells in Central Nervous System TumoursNeha Garg0Thusyanth Vijayakumar1David Bakhshinyan2Chitra Venugopal3Sheila K. Singh4McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, CanadaMcMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, CanadaMcMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, CanadaMcMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, CanadaMcMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, CanadaCNS tumours occur in both pediatric and adult patients and many of these tumours are associated with poor clinical outcome. Due to a paradigm shift in thinking for the last several years, these tumours are now considered to originate from a small population of stem-like cells within the bulk tumour tissue. These cells, termed as brain tumour initiating cells (BTICs), are perceived to be regulated by microRNAs at the posttranscriptional/translational levels. Proliferation, stemness, differentiation, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, apoptosis, and cell cycle constitute some of the significant processes modulated by microRNAs in cancer initiation and progression. Characterization and functional studies on oncogenic or tumour suppressive microRNAs are made possible because of developments in sequencing and microarray techniques. In the current review, we bring recent knowledge of the role of microRNAs in BTIC formation and therapy. Special attention is paid to two highly aggressive and well-characterized brain tumours: gliomas and medulloblastoma. As microRNA seems to be altered in the pathogenesis of many human diseases, “microRNA therapy” may now have potential to improve outcomes for brain tumour patients. In this rapidly evolving field, further understanding of miRNA biology and its contribution towards cancer can be mined for new therapeutic tools.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/141793
spellingShingle Neha Garg
Thusyanth Vijayakumar
David Bakhshinyan
Chitra Venugopal
Sheila K. Singh
MicroRNA Regulation of Brain Tumour Initiating Cells in Central Nervous System Tumours
Stem Cells International
title MicroRNA Regulation of Brain Tumour Initiating Cells in Central Nervous System Tumours
title_full MicroRNA Regulation of Brain Tumour Initiating Cells in Central Nervous System Tumours
title_fullStr MicroRNA Regulation of Brain Tumour Initiating Cells in Central Nervous System Tumours
title_full_unstemmed MicroRNA Regulation of Brain Tumour Initiating Cells in Central Nervous System Tumours
title_short MicroRNA Regulation of Brain Tumour Initiating Cells in Central Nervous System Tumours
title_sort microrna regulation of brain tumour initiating cells in central nervous system tumours
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/141793
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