Reliable RNA-seq analysis from FFPE specimens as a means to accelerate cancer-related health disparities research.

Whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS/ RNA-Seq) is a ubiquitous tool for investigating cancer biology. RNA isolated from frozen sources limits possible studies for analysis of associations with phenotypes or clinical variables requiring long-term follow-up. Although good correlations are reported in R...

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Main Authors: Mitchell J Frederick, Dannelys Perez-Bello, Pedram Yadollahi, Patricia Castro, Alan Frederick, Andrew Frederick, Rashid A Osman, Fonma Essien, Imelda Yebra, Ashley Hamlin, Thomas J Ow, Heath D Skinner, Vlad C Sandulache
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321631
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author Mitchell J Frederick
Dannelys Perez-Bello
Pedram Yadollahi
Patricia Castro
Alan Frederick
Andrew Frederick
Rashid A Osman
Fonma Essien
Imelda Yebra
Ashley Hamlin
Thomas J Ow
Heath D Skinner
Vlad C Sandulache
author_facet Mitchell J Frederick
Dannelys Perez-Bello
Pedram Yadollahi
Patricia Castro
Alan Frederick
Andrew Frederick
Rashid A Osman
Fonma Essien
Imelda Yebra
Ashley Hamlin
Thomas J Ow
Heath D Skinner
Vlad C Sandulache
author_sort Mitchell J Frederick
collection DOAJ
description Whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS/ RNA-Seq) is a ubiquitous tool for investigating cancer biology. RNA isolated from frozen sources limits possible studies for analysis of associations with phenotypes or clinical variables requiring long-term follow-up. Although good correlations are reported in RNA-Seq data from paired frozen and formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples, uncertainties regarding RNA quality, methods of extraction, and data reliability are hurdles to utilization of archival samples. We compared three different platforms for performing RNA-seq using archival FFPE oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma (OPSCC) specimens stored up to 20 years, as part of an investigation of transcriptional profiles related to health disparities. We developed guidelines to purify DNA and RNA from FFPE tissue and perform downstream RNA-seq and DNA SNP arrays. RNA was extracted from 150 specimens, with an average yield of 401.8 ng/cm2 of tissue. Most samples yielded sufficient RNA reads >13,000 protein coding genes which could be used to differentiate HPV-associated from HPV-independent OPSCCs. Co-isolated DNA was used to identify reliably define patient ancestry which correlated well with patient-reported race. Utilizing the methods described in this study provides a robust, reliable, and standardized means of DNA & RNA extraction from FFPE as well as a means by which to assure the quality of the data generated. Optimized RNA extraction techniques, combined with robust bioinformatic approaches designed to optimize data homogenization, analysis and biological validation can revolutionize our ability to transcriptomically profile large solid tumor sets derived from ancestrally varied patient populations.
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spelling doaj-art-1cb0f37ae7b84b9087f35dc58b6cf0fd2025-08-20T02:19:51ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01204e032163110.1371/journal.pone.0321631Reliable RNA-seq analysis from FFPE specimens as a means to accelerate cancer-related health disparities research.Mitchell J FrederickDannelys Perez-BelloPedram YadollahiPatricia CastroAlan FrederickAndrew FrederickRashid A OsmanFonma EssienImelda YebraAshley HamlinThomas J OwHeath D SkinnerVlad C SandulacheWhole transcriptome sequencing (WTS/ RNA-Seq) is a ubiquitous tool for investigating cancer biology. RNA isolated from frozen sources limits possible studies for analysis of associations with phenotypes or clinical variables requiring long-term follow-up. Although good correlations are reported in RNA-Seq data from paired frozen and formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples, uncertainties regarding RNA quality, methods of extraction, and data reliability are hurdles to utilization of archival samples. We compared three different platforms for performing RNA-seq using archival FFPE oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma (OPSCC) specimens stored up to 20 years, as part of an investigation of transcriptional profiles related to health disparities. We developed guidelines to purify DNA and RNA from FFPE tissue and perform downstream RNA-seq and DNA SNP arrays. RNA was extracted from 150 specimens, with an average yield of 401.8 ng/cm2 of tissue. Most samples yielded sufficient RNA reads >13,000 protein coding genes which could be used to differentiate HPV-associated from HPV-independent OPSCCs. Co-isolated DNA was used to identify reliably define patient ancestry which correlated well with patient-reported race. Utilizing the methods described in this study provides a robust, reliable, and standardized means of DNA & RNA extraction from FFPE as well as a means by which to assure the quality of the data generated. Optimized RNA extraction techniques, combined with robust bioinformatic approaches designed to optimize data homogenization, analysis and biological validation can revolutionize our ability to transcriptomically profile large solid tumor sets derived from ancestrally varied patient populations.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321631
spellingShingle Mitchell J Frederick
Dannelys Perez-Bello
Pedram Yadollahi
Patricia Castro
Alan Frederick
Andrew Frederick
Rashid A Osman
Fonma Essien
Imelda Yebra
Ashley Hamlin
Thomas J Ow
Heath D Skinner
Vlad C Sandulache
Reliable RNA-seq analysis from FFPE specimens as a means to accelerate cancer-related health disparities research.
PLoS ONE
title Reliable RNA-seq analysis from FFPE specimens as a means to accelerate cancer-related health disparities research.
title_full Reliable RNA-seq analysis from FFPE specimens as a means to accelerate cancer-related health disparities research.
title_fullStr Reliable RNA-seq analysis from FFPE specimens as a means to accelerate cancer-related health disparities research.
title_full_unstemmed Reliable RNA-seq analysis from FFPE specimens as a means to accelerate cancer-related health disparities research.
title_short Reliable RNA-seq analysis from FFPE specimens as a means to accelerate cancer-related health disparities research.
title_sort reliable rna seq analysis from ffpe specimens as a means to accelerate cancer related health disparities research
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321631
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