Resilience Enhancement Strategies for Energy Systems in the Face of Natural Calamities and Cyber Threats: A Comprehensive Review

Energy systems and their related technologies are susceptible to natural extreme events, categorized as high-impact low-probability (HILP) events, posing a significant threat to their reliable functioning. Gas-to-power (G2P) and power-to-gas (P2G) technologies establish a bidirectional interface bet...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mostafa Shabanian-Poodeh, Rahmat-Allah Hooshmand, Miadreza Shafie-Khah, Pierluigi Siano
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2025-01-01
Series:IEEE Access
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10945835/
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850144204916785152
author Mostafa Shabanian-Poodeh
Rahmat-Allah Hooshmand
Miadreza Shafie-Khah
Pierluigi Siano
author_facet Mostafa Shabanian-Poodeh
Rahmat-Allah Hooshmand
Miadreza Shafie-Khah
Pierluigi Siano
author_sort Mostafa Shabanian-Poodeh
collection DOAJ
description Energy systems and their related technologies are susceptible to natural extreme events, categorized as high-impact low-probability (HILP) events, posing a significant threat to their reliable functioning. Gas-to-power (G2P) and power-to-gas (P2G) technologies establish a bidirectional interface between these energy systems, leading to the creation of integrated power and natural gas systems (IPGS) as energy systems. Due to their extensive geographical coverage, energy systems are particularly vulnerable to severe damage from natural calamities. Given the growing interest and research focus on energy systems resilience, this comprehensive review meticulously navigates the intricate terrain of resilience differentiation, offering a detailed roadmap fortified by insights from significant instances of grid failures and weather-driven contingencies. The review examines preemptive cyber security fortifications and strategic planning imperatives, scrutinizing each aspect with conviction and clarity. Temporally stratified into long-term and short-term horizons, it not only delineates prevailing approaches and methodologies but also identifies emerging trends poised to shape the future landscape of resilience enhancement. This paper provides an exhaustive review of existing research on the resilience of energy systems, introducing a visual framework for comparing different studies and facilitating easy understanding through multiple figures. Since uncertainties play a crucial role in decision-making within this field, this paper broadly explores methods for addressing them as presented in previous studies. Furthermore, the literature is meticulously classified to offer a clear and organized overview, highlighting the impact of HILP events, such as natural disasters and cyber-attacks, on energy systems resilience. This review underscores the critical need to fortify energy systems, emphasizing its importance as a crucial component of integrated energy systems in preparing for the continuous impact of natural disasters in future research.
format Article
id doaj-art-1c8c8a3870954e4a9422fb77674dca12
institution OA Journals
issn 2169-3536
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher IEEE
record_format Article
series IEEE Access
spelling doaj-art-1c8c8a3870954e4a9422fb77674dca122025-08-20T02:28:26ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113673016732210.1109/ACCESS.2025.355623310945835Resilience Enhancement Strategies for Energy Systems in the Face of Natural Calamities and Cyber Threats: A Comprehensive ReviewMostafa Shabanian-Poodeh0https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4057-7249Rahmat-Allah Hooshmand1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2567-2551Miadreza Shafie-Khah2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1691-5355Pierluigi Siano3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0975-0241Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, IranResearch and Innovation Division, Nowocert, Dublin 7, IrelandDepartment of Management and Innovation Systems, University of Salerno, Fisciano, ItalyEnergy systems and their related technologies are susceptible to natural extreme events, categorized as high-impact low-probability (HILP) events, posing a significant threat to their reliable functioning. Gas-to-power (G2P) and power-to-gas (P2G) technologies establish a bidirectional interface between these energy systems, leading to the creation of integrated power and natural gas systems (IPGS) as energy systems. Due to their extensive geographical coverage, energy systems are particularly vulnerable to severe damage from natural calamities. Given the growing interest and research focus on energy systems resilience, this comprehensive review meticulously navigates the intricate terrain of resilience differentiation, offering a detailed roadmap fortified by insights from significant instances of grid failures and weather-driven contingencies. The review examines preemptive cyber security fortifications and strategic planning imperatives, scrutinizing each aspect with conviction and clarity. Temporally stratified into long-term and short-term horizons, it not only delineates prevailing approaches and methodologies but also identifies emerging trends poised to shape the future landscape of resilience enhancement. This paper provides an exhaustive review of existing research on the resilience of energy systems, introducing a visual framework for comparing different studies and facilitating easy understanding through multiple figures. Since uncertainties play a crucial role in decision-making within this field, this paper broadly explores methods for addressing them as presented in previous studies. Furthermore, the literature is meticulously classified to offer a clear and organized overview, highlighting the impact of HILP events, such as natural disasters and cyber-attacks, on energy systems resilience. This review underscores the critical need to fortify energy systems, emphasizing its importance as a crucial component of integrated energy systems in preparing for the continuous impact of natural disasters in future research.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10945835/Integrated power and natural gas systemsenergy systemssustainable energyresilience enhancementuncertainties
spellingShingle Mostafa Shabanian-Poodeh
Rahmat-Allah Hooshmand
Miadreza Shafie-Khah
Pierluigi Siano
Resilience Enhancement Strategies for Energy Systems in the Face of Natural Calamities and Cyber Threats: A Comprehensive Review
IEEE Access
Integrated power and natural gas systems
energy systems
sustainable energy
resilience enhancement
uncertainties
title Resilience Enhancement Strategies for Energy Systems in the Face of Natural Calamities and Cyber Threats: A Comprehensive Review
title_full Resilience Enhancement Strategies for Energy Systems in the Face of Natural Calamities and Cyber Threats: A Comprehensive Review
title_fullStr Resilience Enhancement Strategies for Energy Systems in the Face of Natural Calamities and Cyber Threats: A Comprehensive Review
title_full_unstemmed Resilience Enhancement Strategies for Energy Systems in the Face of Natural Calamities and Cyber Threats: A Comprehensive Review
title_short Resilience Enhancement Strategies for Energy Systems in the Face of Natural Calamities and Cyber Threats: A Comprehensive Review
title_sort resilience enhancement strategies for energy systems in the face of natural calamities and cyber threats a comprehensive review
topic Integrated power and natural gas systems
energy systems
sustainable energy
resilience enhancement
uncertainties
url https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10945835/
work_keys_str_mv AT mostafashabanianpoodeh resilienceenhancementstrategiesforenergysystemsinthefaceofnaturalcalamitiesandcyberthreatsacomprehensivereview
AT rahmatallahhooshmand resilienceenhancementstrategiesforenergysystemsinthefaceofnaturalcalamitiesandcyberthreatsacomprehensivereview
AT miadrezashafiekhah resilienceenhancementstrategiesforenergysystemsinthefaceofnaturalcalamitiesandcyberthreatsacomprehensivereview
AT pierluigisiano resilienceenhancementstrategiesforenergysystemsinthefaceofnaturalcalamitiesandcyberthreatsacomprehensivereview