Dietary diversity insufficiently explains differences in prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy across regions in Nigeria: A secondary analysis of Demographic and Health Survey 2018.
The prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy differs across regions worldwide. Previous studies have reported associations between diet and anaemia. Dietary intake may be affected by regional factors like culture, food production and availability. However, in Nigeria, the association between dietary diver...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | PLOS Global Public Health |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0004540 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849331945709764608 |
|---|---|
| author | Ochuwa Adiketu Babah Diana Sagastume Opeyemi Rebecca Akinajo Giulia Scarpa Claudia Hanson Elin C Larsson Bosede Bukola Afolabi Lenka Beňová |
| author_facet | Ochuwa Adiketu Babah Diana Sagastume Opeyemi Rebecca Akinajo Giulia Scarpa Claudia Hanson Elin C Larsson Bosede Bukola Afolabi Lenka Beňová |
| author_sort | Ochuwa Adiketu Babah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy differs across regions worldwide. Previous studies have reported associations between diet and anaemia. Dietary intake may be affected by regional factors like culture, food production and availability. However, in Nigeria, the association between dietary diversity and region in the context of anaemia prevalence among pregnant women is unclear. This study compared the prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy across regions in Nigeria and determined the association between dietary diversity and anaemia across the regions. It was across-sectional study of 1,525 pregnant women aged 15-49 screened for anaemia in Nigeria's Demographic and Health Survey 2018. The primary outcome was anaemia (haemoglobin concentration < 11g/dl, irrespective of trimester). The explanatory variable was minimum dietary diversity for women (MDD-W) defined as the consumption of at least five out of ten food groups on the day preceding the interview, stratified by region. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between dietary diversity and anaemia in pregnancy by region. The prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy was 61.1% and it ranged from 55.2% in South-West to 71.1% in South-East region, p = 0.038. Less than half of pregnant women met the MDD-W requirement (45.8%). There was a significant crude association between MDD-W and anaemia, OR: 0.78 (95%CI: 0.60 - 0.99), which was lost when confounders were included, aOR: 0.85 (95%CI: 0.66-1.10). Compared to North-West region, anaemia in pregnancy was significantly higher in North Central region aOR:1.90 (1.14-3.16). The model with an interaction term between MDD-W and region was not a better fit for the data (LRtest p < 0.001) in multivariable model. In conclusion, the prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy is high in Nigeria and varies across regions, not only due to dietary diversity. Region is not an effect modifier of the association between MDD-W and anaemia. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1c76d8e6c5ff49bb84793655ef7df287 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2767-3375 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLOS Global Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-1c76d8e6c5ff49bb84793655ef7df2872025-08-20T03:46:21ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLOS Global Public Health2767-33752025-01-0155e000454010.1371/journal.pgph.0004540Dietary diversity insufficiently explains differences in prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy across regions in Nigeria: A secondary analysis of Demographic and Health Survey 2018.Ochuwa Adiketu BabahDiana SagastumeOpeyemi Rebecca AkinajoGiulia ScarpaClaudia HansonElin C LarssonBosede Bukola AfolabiLenka BeňováThe prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy differs across regions worldwide. Previous studies have reported associations between diet and anaemia. Dietary intake may be affected by regional factors like culture, food production and availability. However, in Nigeria, the association between dietary diversity and region in the context of anaemia prevalence among pregnant women is unclear. This study compared the prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy across regions in Nigeria and determined the association between dietary diversity and anaemia across the regions. It was across-sectional study of 1,525 pregnant women aged 15-49 screened for anaemia in Nigeria's Demographic and Health Survey 2018. The primary outcome was anaemia (haemoglobin concentration < 11g/dl, irrespective of trimester). The explanatory variable was minimum dietary diversity for women (MDD-W) defined as the consumption of at least five out of ten food groups on the day preceding the interview, stratified by region. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between dietary diversity and anaemia in pregnancy by region. The prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy was 61.1% and it ranged from 55.2% in South-West to 71.1% in South-East region, p = 0.038. Less than half of pregnant women met the MDD-W requirement (45.8%). There was a significant crude association between MDD-W and anaemia, OR: 0.78 (95%CI: 0.60 - 0.99), which was lost when confounders were included, aOR: 0.85 (95%CI: 0.66-1.10). Compared to North-West region, anaemia in pregnancy was significantly higher in North Central region aOR:1.90 (1.14-3.16). The model with an interaction term between MDD-W and region was not a better fit for the data (LRtest p < 0.001) in multivariable model. In conclusion, the prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy is high in Nigeria and varies across regions, not only due to dietary diversity. Region is not an effect modifier of the association between MDD-W and anaemia.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0004540 |
| spellingShingle | Ochuwa Adiketu Babah Diana Sagastume Opeyemi Rebecca Akinajo Giulia Scarpa Claudia Hanson Elin C Larsson Bosede Bukola Afolabi Lenka Beňová Dietary diversity insufficiently explains differences in prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy across regions in Nigeria: A secondary analysis of Demographic and Health Survey 2018. PLOS Global Public Health |
| title | Dietary diversity insufficiently explains differences in prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy across regions in Nigeria: A secondary analysis of Demographic and Health Survey 2018. |
| title_full | Dietary diversity insufficiently explains differences in prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy across regions in Nigeria: A secondary analysis of Demographic and Health Survey 2018. |
| title_fullStr | Dietary diversity insufficiently explains differences in prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy across regions in Nigeria: A secondary analysis of Demographic and Health Survey 2018. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary diversity insufficiently explains differences in prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy across regions in Nigeria: A secondary analysis of Demographic and Health Survey 2018. |
| title_short | Dietary diversity insufficiently explains differences in prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy across regions in Nigeria: A secondary analysis of Demographic and Health Survey 2018. |
| title_sort | dietary diversity insufficiently explains differences in prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy across regions in nigeria a secondary analysis of demographic and health survey 2018 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0004540 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ochuwaadiketubabah dietarydiversityinsufficientlyexplainsdifferencesinprevalenceofanaemiainpregnancyacrossregionsinnigeriaasecondaryanalysisofdemographicandhealthsurvey2018 AT dianasagastume dietarydiversityinsufficientlyexplainsdifferencesinprevalenceofanaemiainpregnancyacrossregionsinnigeriaasecondaryanalysisofdemographicandhealthsurvey2018 AT opeyemirebeccaakinajo dietarydiversityinsufficientlyexplainsdifferencesinprevalenceofanaemiainpregnancyacrossregionsinnigeriaasecondaryanalysisofdemographicandhealthsurvey2018 AT giuliascarpa dietarydiversityinsufficientlyexplainsdifferencesinprevalenceofanaemiainpregnancyacrossregionsinnigeriaasecondaryanalysisofdemographicandhealthsurvey2018 AT claudiahanson dietarydiversityinsufficientlyexplainsdifferencesinprevalenceofanaemiainpregnancyacrossregionsinnigeriaasecondaryanalysisofdemographicandhealthsurvey2018 AT elinclarsson dietarydiversityinsufficientlyexplainsdifferencesinprevalenceofanaemiainpregnancyacrossregionsinnigeriaasecondaryanalysisofdemographicandhealthsurvey2018 AT bosedebukolaafolabi dietarydiversityinsufficientlyexplainsdifferencesinprevalenceofanaemiainpregnancyacrossregionsinnigeriaasecondaryanalysisofdemographicandhealthsurvey2018 AT lenkabenova dietarydiversityinsufficientlyexplainsdifferencesinprevalenceofanaemiainpregnancyacrossregionsinnigeriaasecondaryanalysisofdemographicandhealthsurvey2018 |