Effects of the Combination of Chemical Pretreatments and Dry Grinding of the <i>Arundo donax</i> L. Plant
<i>Arundo donax</i> L. is a plant with great potential as lignocellulosic biomass, being a promising source for the development of biodegradable materials. This study evaluated the effects of different chemical pretreatments (H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, NaOH, and...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Patricia O. Schmitt Débora da S. Rodrigues Matheus de P. Goularte Silvia H. F. da Silva Marcilio M. Morais Darci A. Gatto Cláudia F. Lemons e Silva Camila M. Cholant André L. Missio |
| author_facet | Patricia O. Schmitt Débora da S. Rodrigues Matheus de P. Goularte Silvia H. F. da Silva Marcilio M. Morais Darci A. Gatto Cláudia F. Lemons e Silva Camila M. Cholant André L. Missio |
| author_sort | Patricia O. Schmitt |
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| description | <i>Arundo donax</i> L. is a plant with great potential as lignocellulosic biomass, being a promising source for the development of biodegradable materials. This study evaluated the effects of different chemical pretreatments (H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, NaOH, and NaClO) combined with dry milling on the physicochemical properties of biomass. Pretreatment with NaClO was the most effective in removing lignin, reducing its content to 0.2%, while increasing the cellulose content to 67%. Pretreatment with H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, although retaining a higher lignin content (24%), resulted in the greatest reduction in particle size, reaching a mean diameter (Dm) of 44.31 µm after 20 h of milling. Density analysis revealed that the raw samples reached a maximum density of 0.218 g/cm<sup>3</sup> after 20 h of milling, with the pretreated samples showing lower densities due to the removal of structural components. Thermal analysis showed mass losses of up to 66.4% for samples pretreated with NaClO after 10 h of milling, indicating significant structural changes and improved thermal stability. Morphological analysis via SEM demonstrated elongated and fine particles, with acid pretreatment resulting in the most pronounced structural changes. These findings highlight the efficiency of combining chemical and physical pretreatments to modify the structure of <i>A. donax</i> L., optimizing its properties for the production of high-performance biodegradable materials. |
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| issn | 2673-6209 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Macromol |
| spelling | doaj-art-1c580d73ee5b47d1bf59b2c12b4ec7a12025-08-20T01:49:00ZengMDPI AGMacromol2673-62092025-01-0151410.3390/macromol5010004Effects of the Combination of Chemical Pretreatments and Dry Grinding of the <i>Arundo donax</i> L. PlantPatricia O. Schmitt0Débora da S. Rodrigues1Matheus de P. Goularte2Silvia H. F. da Silva3Marcilio M. Morais4Darci A. Gatto5Cláudia F. Lemons e Silva6Camila M. Cholant7André L. Missio8Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, RS, BrazilEngineering Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-450, RS, BrazilEngineering Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-450, RS, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, RS, BrazilChemical Engineering, Federal University of Pampa, Bagé 96413-172, RS, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, RS, BrazilEngineering Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-450, RS, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, RS, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, RS, Brazil<i>Arundo donax</i> L. is a plant with great potential as lignocellulosic biomass, being a promising source for the development of biodegradable materials. This study evaluated the effects of different chemical pretreatments (H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, NaOH, and NaClO) combined with dry milling on the physicochemical properties of biomass. Pretreatment with NaClO was the most effective in removing lignin, reducing its content to 0.2%, while increasing the cellulose content to 67%. Pretreatment with H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, although retaining a higher lignin content (24%), resulted in the greatest reduction in particle size, reaching a mean diameter (Dm) of 44.31 µm after 20 h of milling. Density analysis revealed that the raw samples reached a maximum density of 0.218 g/cm<sup>3</sup> after 20 h of milling, with the pretreated samples showing lower densities due to the removal of structural components. Thermal analysis showed mass losses of up to 66.4% for samples pretreated with NaClO after 10 h of milling, indicating significant structural changes and improved thermal stability. Morphological analysis via SEM demonstrated elongated and fine particles, with acid pretreatment resulting in the most pronounced structural changes. These findings highlight the efficiency of combining chemical and physical pretreatments to modify the structure of <i>A. donax</i> L., optimizing its properties for the production of high-performance biodegradable materials.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6209/5/1/4biomasslignocellulosic<i>Arundo donax</i> L.chemical delignificationball millparticle size distribution |
| spellingShingle | Patricia O. Schmitt Débora da S. Rodrigues Matheus de P. Goularte Silvia H. F. da Silva Marcilio M. Morais Darci A. Gatto Cláudia F. Lemons e Silva Camila M. Cholant André L. Missio Effects of the Combination of Chemical Pretreatments and Dry Grinding of the <i>Arundo donax</i> L. Plant Macromol biomass lignocellulosic <i>Arundo donax</i> L. chemical delignification ball mill particle size distribution |
| title | Effects of the Combination of Chemical Pretreatments and Dry Grinding of the <i>Arundo donax</i> L. Plant |
| title_full | Effects of the Combination of Chemical Pretreatments and Dry Grinding of the <i>Arundo donax</i> L. Plant |
| title_fullStr | Effects of the Combination of Chemical Pretreatments and Dry Grinding of the <i>Arundo donax</i> L. Plant |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of the Combination of Chemical Pretreatments and Dry Grinding of the <i>Arundo donax</i> L. Plant |
| title_short | Effects of the Combination of Chemical Pretreatments and Dry Grinding of the <i>Arundo donax</i> L. Plant |
| title_sort | effects of the combination of chemical pretreatments and dry grinding of the i arundo donax i l plant |
| topic | biomass lignocellulosic <i>Arundo donax</i> L. chemical delignification ball mill particle size distribution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6209/5/1/4 |
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