Modeling Thermal Runaway Mechanisms and Pressure Dynamics in Prismatic Lithium-Ion Batteries
Lithium-ion batteries play a vital role in modern energy storage systems, being widely utilized in devices such as mobile phones, electric vehicles, and stationary energy units. One of the critical challenges with their use is the thermal runaway (TR), typically characterized by a sharp increase in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Batteries |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/10/12/435 |
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| author | Mohammad Ayayda Ralf Benger Timo Reichrath Kshitij Kasturia Jacob Klink Ines Hauer |
| author_facet | Mohammad Ayayda Ralf Benger Timo Reichrath Kshitij Kasturia Jacob Klink Ines Hauer |
| author_sort | Mohammad Ayayda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lithium-ion batteries play a vital role in modern energy storage systems, being widely utilized in devices such as mobile phones, electric vehicles, and stationary energy units. One of the critical challenges with their use is the thermal runaway (TR), typically characterized by a sharp increase in internal pressure. A thorough understanding and accurate prediction of this behavior are crucial for improving the safety and reliability of these batteries. To achieve this, two new combined models were developed: one to simulate the thermal runaway and another to simulate the internal cell pressure. The thermal model tracks a chain of decomposition reactions that eventually lead to TR. At the same time, the pressure model simulates the proportional increase in pressure due to the evaporation of the electrolyte and the gases produced from the decomposition reactions. What sets this work apart is the validation of the pressure model through experimental data, specifically for prismatic lithium-ion cells using NMC chemistries with varying stoichiometries—NMC111 and NMC811. While the majority of the literature focuses on the simulation of temperature and pressure for cylindrical cells, studies addressing these aspects in prismatic cells are much less common. This article addresses this gap by conducting pressure validation experiments, which are hardly documented in the existing studies. Furthermore, the model’s accuracy and flexibility are tested through two experiments, conducted under diverse conditions to ensure robust and adaptive predictions of cell behavior during failure scenarios. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1c3e8939634c4c8b9f148fb3bc862c7b |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2313-0105 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Batteries |
| spelling | doaj-art-1c3e8939634c4c8b9f148fb3bc862c7b2025-08-20T02:57:12ZengMDPI AGBatteries2313-01052024-12-01101243510.3390/batteries10120435Modeling Thermal Runaway Mechanisms and Pressure Dynamics in Prismatic Lithium-Ion BatteriesMohammad Ayayda0Ralf Benger1Timo Reichrath2Kshitij Kasturia3Jacob Klink4Ines Hauer5Research Center for Energy Storage Technologies, Clausthal University of Technology, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, GermanyResearch Center for Energy Storage Technologies, Clausthal University of Technology, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, GermanyResearch Center for Energy Storage Technologies, Clausthal University of Technology, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, GermanyResearch Center for Energy Storage Technologies, Clausthal University of Technology, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, GermanyResearch Center for Energy Storage Technologies, Clausthal University of Technology, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, GermanyResearch Center for Energy Storage Technologies, Clausthal University of Technology, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, GermanyLithium-ion batteries play a vital role in modern energy storage systems, being widely utilized in devices such as mobile phones, electric vehicles, and stationary energy units. One of the critical challenges with their use is the thermal runaway (TR), typically characterized by a sharp increase in internal pressure. A thorough understanding and accurate prediction of this behavior are crucial for improving the safety and reliability of these batteries. To achieve this, two new combined models were developed: one to simulate the thermal runaway and another to simulate the internal cell pressure. The thermal model tracks a chain of decomposition reactions that eventually lead to TR. At the same time, the pressure model simulates the proportional increase in pressure due to the evaporation of the electrolyte and the gases produced from the decomposition reactions. What sets this work apart is the validation of the pressure model through experimental data, specifically for prismatic lithium-ion cells using NMC chemistries with varying stoichiometries—NMC111 and NMC811. While the majority of the literature focuses on the simulation of temperature and pressure for cylindrical cells, studies addressing these aspects in prismatic cells are much less common. This article addresses this gap by conducting pressure validation experiments, which are hardly documented in the existing studies. Furthermore, the model’s accuracy and flexibility are tested through two experiments, conducted under diverse conditions to ensure robust and adaptive predictions of cell behavior during failure scenarios.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/10/12/435lithium-ion batterythermal runawayinternal pressuresimulationmodeling |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Ayayda Ralf Benger Timo Reichrath Kshitij Kasturia Jacob Klink Ines Hauer Modeling Thermal Runaway Mechanisms and Pressure Dynamics in Prismatic Lithium-Ion Batteries Batteries lithium-ion battery thermal runaway internal pressure simulation modeling |
| title | Modeling Thermal Runaway Mechanisms and Pressure Dynamics in Prismatic Lithium-Ion Batteries |
| title_full | Modeling Thermal Runaway Mechanisms and Pressure Dynamics in Prismatic Lithium-Ion Batteries |
| title_fullStr | Modeling Thermal Runaway Mechanisms and Pressure Dynamics in Prismatic Lithium-Ion Batteries |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modeling Thermal Runaway Mechanisms and Pressure Dynamics in Prismatic Lithium-Ion Batteries |
| title_short | Modeling Thermal Runaway Mechanisms and Pressure Dynamics in Prismatic Lithium-Ion Batteries |
| title_sort | modeling thermal runaway mechanisms and pressure dynamics in prismatic lithium ion batteries |
| topic | lithium-ion battery thermal runaway internal pressure simulation modeling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/10/12/435 |
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