Incidence and predictive factors of hyperventilation syndrome in patients after COVID 19 pneumonia: a prospective cohort study [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]

Background This study investigates the incidence and predictive factors of Hyperventilation Syndrome (HVS) in patients after COVID 19 pneumonia, addressing the clinical overlap between these conditions. Methods A one-month prospective study was conducted, tracking survivors of COVID-19 pneumonia. Pa...

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Main Authors: Salma Mokaddem, Hela CHERIF, Mohamed Ridha Charfi, Ferdaous Yangui, Slim Kalboussi, Soumaya Debiche
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: F1000 Research Ltd 2024-12-01
Series:F1000Research
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Online Access:https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1497/v1
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author Salma Mokaddem
Hela CHERIF
Mohamed Ridha Charfi
Ferdaous Yangui
Slim Kalboussi
Soumaya Debiche
author_facet Salma Mokaddem
Hela CHERIF
Mohamed Ridha Charfi
Ferdaous Yangui
Slim Kalboussi
Soumaya Debiche
author_sort Salma Mokaddem
collection DOAJ
description Background This study investigates the incidence and predictive factors of Hyperventilation Syndrome (HVS) in patients after COVID 19 pneumonia, addressing the clinical overlap between these conditions. Methods A one-month prospective study was conducted, tracking survivors of COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients were evaluated for ongoing clinical status, including HVS and post-traumatic syndrome disorder (PTSD), using clinical questionnaires, mMRC, Post-COVID-19 Functional Status (PCFS) Score, Nijmegen score, and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 questionnaire. Results Our study included 222 patients (median age: 57 years, male predominance 62.6%). Somatic comorbidities, primarily metabolic disorders, were reported in 71.2% of cases. The majority had severe or critical infection forms (78.4%), and 91.9% experienced acute symptoms, with 86.5% having three or more symptom clusters. At one month follow-up, dyspnea (52.9%) and asthenia (21.7%) persisted. Functional limitations (PCFS Grade > 2) were observed in 19.6% of patients. The overall incidence of HVS was 158 per 1000 patients, and PTSD was 445 per 1000 patients. Multivariate logistic regression identified cognitive impairment (acute phase), persistent weight loss (post-COVID-19 phase), PCFS grade > 2, and PTSD as independent factors for developing HVS, with relative risks (RRs) of 3.47 (95%CI [1.48-8.31]; p = 0.004), 11.87 (95%CI [1.25-112.88]; p = 0.031), 3.24 (95%CI [1.34-7.86]; p = 0.009), and 5.98 (95%CI [2.27-15.77]; p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusion HVS is prevalent in the post-COVID-19 phase, affecting 15.6 % of survivors. Identified predictive factors suggest the convergence of psychosomatic pathophysiological mechanisms. Further research is crucial for a detailed understanding of these mechanisms in long COVID-19 patients.
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spelling doaj-art-1bfbd590175a402da9957dc146e79c102025-08-20T03:10:21ZengF1000 Research LtdF1000Research2046-14022024-12-011310.12688/f1000research.152196.1166928Incidence and predictive factors of hyperventilation syndrome in patients after COVID 19 pneumonia: a prospective cohort study [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]Salma Mokaddem0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7775-3073Hela CHERIF1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2086-918XMohamed Ridha Charfi2Ferdaous Yangui3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2465-0019Slim Kalboussi4Soumaya Debiche5https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9211-3095Pulmonology Department, Internal Security Forces Hospital, Tunis, TunisiaPulmonology Department, Internal Security Forces Hospital, Tunis, TunisiaPulmonology Department, Internal Security Forces Hospital, Tunis, TunisiaPulmonology Department, Internal Security Forces Hospital, Tunis, TunisiaPulmonology Department, Internal Security Forces Hospital, Tunis, TunisiaPulmonology Department, Internal Security Forces Hospital, Tunis, TunisiaBackground This study investigates the incidence and predictive factors of Hyperventilation Syndrome (HVS) in patients after COVID 19 pneumonia, addressing the clinical overlap between these conditions. Methods A one-month prospective study was conducted, tracking survivors of COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients were evaluated for ongoing clinical status, including HVS and post-traumatic syndrome disorder (PTSD), using clinical questionnaires, mMRC, Post-COVID-19 Functional Status (PCFS) Score, Nijmegen score, and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 questionnaire. Results Our study included 222 patients (median age: 57 years, male predominance 62.6%). Somatic comorbidities, primarily metabolic disorders, were reported in 71.2% of cases. The majority had severe or critical infection forms (78.4%), and 91.9% experienced acute symptoms, with 86.5% having three or more symptom clusters. At one month follow-up, dyspnea (52.9%) and asthenia (21.7%) persisted. Functional limitations (PCFS Grade > 2) were observed in 19.6% of patients. The overall incidence of HVS was 158 per 1000 patients, and PTSD was 445 per 1000 patients. Multivariate logistic regression identified cognitive impairment (acute phase), persistent weight loss (post-COVID-19 phase), PCFS grade > 2, and PTSD as independent factors for developing HVS, with relative risks (RRs) of 3.47 (95%CI [1.48-8.31]; p = 0.004), 11.87 (95%CI [1.25-112.88]; p = 0.031), 3.24 (95%CI [1.34-7.86]; p = 0.009), and 5.98 (95%CI [2.27-15.77]; p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusion HVS is prevalent in the post-COVID-19 phase, affecting 15.6 % of survivors. Identified predictive factors suggest the convergence of psychosomatic pathophysiological mechanisms. Further research is crucial for a detailed understanding of these mechanisms in long COVID-19 patients.https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1497/v1Hyperventilation Syndrome; COVID-19 pneumonia; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; Prospective Studies; Incidenceeng
spellingShingle Salma Mokaddem
Hela CHERIF
Mohamed Ridha Charfi
Ferdaous Yangui
Slim Kalboussi
Soumaya Debiche
Incidence and predictive factors of hyperventilation syndrome in patients after COVID 19 pneumonia: a prospective cohort study [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]
F1000Research
Hyperventilation Syndrome; COVID-19 pneumonia; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; Prospective Studies; Incidence
eng
title Incidence and predictive factors of hyperventilation syndrome in patients after COVID 19 pneumonia: a prospective cohort study [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]
title_full Incidence and predictive factors of hyperventilation syndrome in patients after COVID 19 pneumonia: a prospective cohort study [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]
title_fullStr Incidence and predictive factors of hyperventilation syndrome in patients after COVID 19 pneumonia: a prospective cohort study [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]
title_full_unstemmed Incidence and predictive factors of hyperventilation syndrome in patients after COVID 19 pneumonia: a prospective cohort study [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]
title_short Incidence and predictive factors of hyperventilation syndrome in patients after COVID 19 pneumonia: a prospective cohort study [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]
title_sort incidence and predictive factors of hyperventilation syndrome in patients after covid 19 pneumonia a prospective cohort study version 1 peer review 2 approved
topic Hyperventilation Syndrome; COVID-19 pneumonia; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; Prospective Studies; Incidence
eng
url https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1497/v1
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